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Abstract Objective Disclosure of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is associated with a range of both positive (e.g., help‐seeking) and negative (e.g., discrimination) outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of...
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Abstract Objective Disclosure of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is associated with a range of both positive (e.g., help‐seeking) and negative (e.g., discrimination) outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of a range of factors concerned with: NSSI experiences, self‐efficacy to disclose self‐injury, interpersonal factors, and reasons for or expectations of disclosure, to the decision to disclose self‐injury to friends, family members, significant others, and health professionals. Methods Three hundred seventy‐one participants with lived experience of NSSI completed a survey in which they rated the importance of the aforementioned factors to the decision of whether to disclose NSSI to different people. A mixed‐model analysis of variance was conducted to investigate whether the factors differed in importance and if this importance differed across relationship types. Results All factors held importance, though to differing degrees, with those related to relationship quality being most important overall. Generally, factors relating to tangible aid were considered more important when considering disclosure to health professionals than to other people. Conversely, interpersonal factors, particularly trust, were more important when disclosing to individuals in social or personal relationships. Conclusion The findings provide preliminary insight into how different considerations may be prioritized when navigating NSSI disclosure, in a way that may be tailored to different contexts. For clinicians, the findings highlight that clients may expect tangible forms of support and nonjudgment in the event that they disclose their self‐injury in this formal setting.
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Abstract Objective There is a paucity of longitudinal research on predictors of disclosures of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) among emerging adults. However, understanding the factors that facilitate disclosure is critical, as di...
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Abstract Objective There is a paucity of longitudinal research on predictors of disclosures of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) among emerging adults. However, understanding the factors that facilitate disclosure is critical, as disclosure may serve as a first step in accessing care. To address this gap, the present study examined predictors of prospective NSSI disclosures in a postsecondary student sample. Methods A total of 475 university students with a history of NSSI (Mage?=?17.96; 74.9% women) reported on several potential predictors of NSSI disclosure, and their disclosure history at baseline and 4‐ and 8‐month follow‐ups. Results It was found that 22% of students reported disclosing NSSI during the first year of university; students who had previously disclosed, and who reported greater NSSI severity, were more likely to disclose over time. Conclusion Results of the present study suggest that disclosures often occur in the postsecondary context, and students who disclose NSSI may engage in more severe NSSI behaviours.
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The role of genetic counselor self-disclosure in clinical practice is unclear as there are few published investigations of this issue. In the present study, 11 genetic counselors who previously received genetic services were inter...
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The role of genetic counselor self-disclosure in clinical practice is unclear as there are few published investigations of this issue. In the present study, 11 genetic counselors who previously received genetic services were interviewed about their opinions and use of disclosure. Several themes were extracted from their responses. All participants reportedly disclosed to patients; however, not all disclosed their receipt of genetic services. Patient requests for self-disclosure influenced many participants’ disclosure decisions. Opinions regarding potential benefits of disclosure varied. Nearly all participants stressed the importance of self-disclosing judiciously, stating that it may be counterproductive to client goal attainment. Four individuals with expertise in genetic counseling and psychotherapy were invited to react to these themes and to provide their opinions of self-disclosure. Their views are compared to those of the present sample, and practice and research recommendations are given.
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The role of genetic counselor self-disclosure in clinical practice is unclear as there are few published investigations of this issue. In the present study, 11 genetic counselors who previously received genetic services were inter...
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The role of genetic counselor self-disclosure in clinical practice is unclear as there are few published investigations of this issue. In the present study, 11 genetic counselors who previously received genetic services were interviewed about their opinions and use of disclosure. Several themes were extracted from their responses. All participants reportedly disclosed to patients; however, not all disclosed their receipt of genetic services. Patient requests for self-disclosure influenced many participants’ disclosure decisions. Opinions regarding potential benefits of disclosure varied. Nearly all participants stressed the importance of self-disclosing judiciously, stating that it may be counterproductive to client goal attainment. Four individuals with expertise in genetic counseling and psychotherapy were invited to react to these themes and to provide their opinions of self-disclosure. Their views are compared to those of the present sample, and practice and research recommendations are given.
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Abstract Objective To generate evidence‐based knowledge about the strategies that adult people with epilepsy (PWEs) use in the process of telling others about their epilepsy. Methods In‐depth, one‐to‐one interviews explored PW...
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Abstract Objective To generate evidence‐based knowledge about the strategies that adult people with epilepsy (PWEs) use in the process of telling others about their epilepsy. Methods In‐depth, one‐to‐one interviews explored PWEs’ first‐hand experiences of self‐disclosure (or not), and grounded theory methods of inductive‐deductive analysis were used to identify strategies used in disclosing. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed, coded, and independently recoded by two researchers using a coding framework specifically developed in this study. To account for maximum variation, PWEs (aged 18+ years) with different life experiences and situations relating to (1) gender, (2) age, (3) employment status, (4) personal relationships, (5) family relationship, (6) support group involvement, and (7) seizure frequency were included. Given the many variables and psychosocial issues associated with epilepsy, demographic details and validated measures including Quality of Life in Epilepsy‐10‐P, Coping Inventory of Stressful Situations‐Adult, and Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 were used to describe the characteristics of participants and to contextualize the results. Results Forty‐nine adults with epilepsy participated. Data analysis revealed six interrelated categories (with subcategories) of the strategies that PWEs reported using in the process of disclosure: (1) concerns about disclosing; (2) weighing up who and when to tell; (3) opportunities for telling; (4) moment of disclosure—how to construct the message; (5) tailoring the message to audience needs—altering the message when telling family members, partner, friends, children, or employer and workplace colleagues; and (6) managing reactions by making it ordinary. Significance People with epilepsy use a range of different strategies during the process of disclosing their epilepsy. These strategies were used to inform the development of the How2tell multimedia self‐management resource for PWEs on self‐disclosure in everyday social and life situations. How2tell is designed to benefit PWEs by empowering them with practical information about the process of telling another person, “I have epilepsy.”
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The complex nature of self-disclosure poses challenges for genetic counselors in clinical practice. We examined the impact of genetic counselor self-disclosure on observer perceptions of the counselor. In an online analog study, 1...
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The complex nature of self-disclosure poses challenges for genetic counselors in clinical practice. We examined the impact of genetic counselor self-disclosure on observer perceptions of the counselor. In an online analog study, 123 participants watched a 3-minute video of a simulated genetic counseling session. For half the participants, the video showed the counselor disclosing that she had a family medical history similar to the patient (direct personal disclosure). For half the participants, the counselor revealed her experience with other patients (direct professional disclosure). Half the participants in each video condition read that the patient had discovered personal information about the counselor during a pre-session web search (indirect personal disclosure); half read that the patient learned of the counselor's FAQ webpage for prospective patients (indirect professional disclosure). Participants in the direct personal disclosure conditions gave higher ratings to the counseling relationship on an abbreviated version of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory and rated themselves more likely to see the counselor compared to those in the direct professional disclosure conditions. The content of the indirect disclosure conditions (personal or professional) had no effect. Brief, direct, verbal disclosure of session-relevant personal information by a genetic counselor appears to enhance the counselor-patient relationship and increase the likelihood of patients returning to the counselor.
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Purpose: The aim of the current study is to examine the association between self disclosure and self-injurious behaviors among adolescent patients diagnosed with an eating disorder.Methods: Sixty three female patients who fulfille...
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Purpose: The aim of the current study is to examine the association between self disclosure and self-injurious behaviors among adolescent patients diagnosed with an eating disorder.Methods: Sixty three female patients who fulfilled the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of eating disorders were included (i.e. anorexia, bulimia, binge eating disorder and eating disorders not otherwise specified). Participants’ age ranged from 11.5 to 20 years (M = 15.42, SD = 1.82). Participants completed self- report questionnaires about eating disorders, self-disclosure, self-injurious behaviors (FASM) and depression (BDI-II)Results: 82.5% of the sample endorsed severe self-injurious behaviors. A moderate negative relationship was found between general disclosure to parents and self-injurious behaviors indicating that patients who generally self-disclose to their parents (on different topics, apart from suicidal ideation) engage less frequently in self-injurious behaviors. In addition, the more patients self-disclose their suicidal ideation to others, the more they tend to self-injure.Conclusion: Self-disclosure to parents on any topic may buffer against self-injurious behaviors and therefore it is important to work with adolescents suffering from eating disorders on effective self disclosure. In addition, self-disclosure about suicidal ideation to others by adolescents suffering from eating disorders should always be taken seriously, since it may be related to self-injurious behaviors.
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Abstract Facing the fact of declining sales of firms, promotions serve as an important tool to facilitate short‐term sales. Yet, marketers still face the question of promotion effectiveness based on consumer self‐disclosure beha...
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Abstract Facing the fact of declining sales of firms, promotions serve as an important tool to facilitate short‐term sales. Yet, marketers still face the question of promotion effectiveness based on consumer self‐disclosure behavior. In this paper, we examine the effects of self‐relevant information disclosure on promotional response as well as the mechanism and boundary conditions associated with this effect. Four studies using both real and fictitious brands across a variety of contexts were conducted to test the hypotheses and show that self‐disclosure contributes to promotional response because of the enhanced feeling of deservingness. Moreover, this research also demonstrates that self‐disclosed consumers from a lower social class are more likely to respond to promotions. Taken together, these insights contribute to the research on promotions and self‐disclosure and can be helpful to marketers by suggesting some guidelines for developing cost‐effective promotion strategies, for example, identifying the target consumer segments for promotions.
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This study compares online self-disclosure through Facebook with offline self-disclosure through face-to-face interactions to understand when and why digital natives may prefer to resolve perceived loneliness by turning to the Int...
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This study compares online self-disclosure through Facebook with offline self-disclosure through face-to-face interactions to understand when and why digital natives may prefer to resolve perceived loneliness by turning to the Internet. Survey data from adolescents indicate that digital natives who employ passive coping favor self-disclosure through Facebook, but natives who engage in active coping prefer face-to-face self-disclosures. Both routes, through active and passive coping, appear to mediate the relationship between loneliness and online/offline self-disclosures. Moreover, the relationship between loneliness and self-disclosure exhibits gender differences. This study extends insights into digital natives, sheds light on self-disclosures, and contributes to coping research.
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Alexithymia is perceived as a personality trait characterized by impairments in individuals' ability to identify and describe feelings (Taylor, Bagby, & Parker, 1997). Research has found links between alexithymia and deficiencies in the ability to grow and maintain close relationships. Three hypotheses and one research question tested (HI) an inverse relationship between relational uncertainty and self-disclosure; (H2) a direct relationship between alexithymia and relational uncertainty; (H...
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Alexithymia is perceived as a personality trait characterized by impairments in individuals' ability to identify and describe feelings (Taylor, Bagby, & Parker, 1997). Research has found links between alexithymia and deficiencies in the ability to grow and maintain close relationships. Three hypotheses and one research question tested (HI) an inverse relationship between relational uncertainty and self-disclosure; (H2) a direct relationship between alexithymia and relational uncertainty; (H3) an inverse relationship between alexithymia and self-disclosure; and (RQ1) an interaction between alexithymia and relational uncertainty to predict self-disclosure. Results indicate partial support for the inverse relationship between self-disclosure and both relational uncertainty and alexithymia. Results also showed support for a direct relationship between alexithymia and relational uncertainty. Alexithymia and relational uncertainty interacted to predict levels of intended self-disclosure. The inverse relationship between relational uncertainty and intended self-disclosure was stronger for low rather than high alexithymics. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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