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While eating in response to emotional cues is associated with intake of unhealthy foods, less is known about the extent to which obesity and depression may differentially influence food intake in a buffet-style setting where low- ...
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While eating in response to emotional cues is associated with intake of unhealthy foods, less is known about the extent to which obesity and depression may differentially influence food intake in a buffet-style setting where low- and high-calorie foods are available to choose from. Using a counterbalanced design, 154 participants were grouped by depression and obesity categories, then asked to read a series of vignettes that were sad (on 1 day) and neutral (on a different day), followed by a buffet to eat until full. Food intake (in grams and calories) and food choice (number of high- or low-calorie food options) were recorded. Results showed that participants who were obese and depressed had significantly greater energy intake following the sad versus happy vignette, largely due to increased intake of high-calorie foods. The results corroborate recent theories on emotional eating and extend the ecological validity of such effects in a buffet-style setting.
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Eating attitudes are predictive of disordered eating, which can be quite prevalent among collegiate athletes. The present study tested if disordered eating attitudes and the sex of collegiate athletes are related to "self-controll...
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Eating attitudes are predictive of disordered eating, which can be quite prevalent among collegiate athletes. The present study tested if disordered eating attitudes and the sex of collegiate athletes are related to "self-controlled food choice" for four food types: a dessert, fried food, fruit, and vegetable. In total, 102 athletes completed a disordered eating attitudes assessment and a delay discounting task. For the delay discounting task, athletes chose between one large delayed reward and one successively smaller immediate reward for four food types, and indifference points were computed with lower indifference points indicating greater self-controlled food choice. In this study female athletes showed greater self-controlled food choice for all three tempting food types (dessert, fried food, and fruit), but not the control food type (vegetable). For males, results were moderated by their level of disordered eating attitudes. Overall, these data show that "self-controlled food choice," measured using a delay discounting task, is a key factor related to sex differences in disordered eating attitudes among college athletes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Students in an upper-level physical chemistry course used a polarimeter to measure the molar optical rotation of different optically active amino acids to confirm the Gough, Lutz, and Jirgensons (CLJ) rule. This rule states that a...
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Students in an upper-level physical chemistry course used a polarimeter to measure the molar optical rotation of different optically active amino acids to confirm the Gough, Lutz, and Jirgensons (CLJ) rule. This rule states that an amino acid is in the L-configuration if the molar optical rotation becomes more positive upon the addition of acid or the acid is of the D-configuration if the optical rotation becomes more negative in an acidified solution. Students demonstrated this rule for known configurations of amino acids and then applied this rule to determine the configuration of an amino acid with an unknown configuration.
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Ample body of evidence suggests the presence of a direct relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) orientation and firm performance. However, this finding seems spurious and imprecise, likely due to missing interv...
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Ample body of evidence suggests the presence of a direct relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) orientation and firm performance. However, this finding seems spurious and imprecise, likely due to missing intervening factors that mediate this relationship. This gap in pertinent literature has motivated the present study, as a part of which customer satisfaction and customer loyalty were examined as two probable mediators in the relationship between CSR orientation and firm performance. The findings yielded by surveying the representatives of 326 Saudi Arabian businesses that have extensive business-to-business (B2B) operations across the Middle East and African (MEA) markets revealed that the link between CSR and firm performance is a fully mediated relationship. We found that firms' pursuit of CSR orientation positively affects firm performance, which is sequentially mediated by customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. These findings suggest a role CSR orientation plays in indirectly promoting firm performance by enhancing customer satisfaction as well as customer loyalty. Therefore, as business and society are two intertwined, mutually interdependent entities, business owners are responsible for all stakeholders (e.g., employees, customers, suppliers, and community), and this stakeholder-driven CSR orientation leads to sustainable firm performance.
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Students in an upper-level physical chemistry course utilized an open-sourcedstatistical software package to construct modelsfitted to experimental pressure-volume data. Inthefirst part of the experiment, students familiarize them...
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Students in an upper-level physical chemistry course utilized an open-sourcedstatistical software package to construct modelsfitted to experimental pressure-volume data. Inthefirst part of the experiment, students familiarize themselves with modelfitting. In the secondpart of the experiment, students determine which truncated version of the virial equation of stateis statistically valid to properly model air. This experiment demonstrates proper multivariablelinear regression model construction, along with the nonideality of air
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A computational experiment investigating common organic chemistry mechanisms has been developed and implemented in a junior/senior-level physical chemistry laboratory course at two institutions. Students investigated various react...
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A computational experiment investigating common organic chemistry mechanisms has been developed and implemented in a junior/senior-level physical chemistry laboratory course at two institutions. Students investigated various reactions that proceed via S(N)1, S(N)2, E1, and E2 mechanisms using hybrid indicate that students at both institutions were able to better visualize and interpret the 3D representation of transition states, stepwise reaction mechanisms, and reaction coordinate diagrams of the aforementioned reactions.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to broaden an understanding of women's perceptions regarding advancement potential/barriers to success in upper echelon corporate roles in the S&P 500 in connection with understanding 21st-century family dynamics, rather than addressing gender in isolation. Design/methodology/approach Data collection in this study is based on semi-structured phone interviews with 13 women who have been identified by organizational leadership in an S&P 500 company as having high advancement potential. The results are evaluated using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Findings Participants' responses support existing research showing that women feel more responsible than their male counterparts for subordinating their career prospects to those of their male partners. Further, participants express that work-life and work-family balance constitute problematic barriers to advancement and often lead them to "choose" to slow-track career advancement and to avoid advancement opportunities. This choice narrative propagates women's perceptions that barriers to advancement are self-imposed. Participants viewed the extreme work model as inevitable in upper-echelon corporate roles, signaling the need for an increased understanding of how a broad definition of familial roles and work culture - rather than gendered issues in isolation - affect advancement opportunities in a 21st-century workforce. Practical implications Current organizational diversity initiatives have focused too myopically on gender. For organizations to create a more inclusive model for success at the upper echelons, it is essential to broaden organizational initiatives to address 21st-century employees rather than gendered programs. Organizations can endeavor to implement more effective models that enable two partners in a home with dependent children to advance, and all employees, even top leaders, to balance current definitions of work-life in several ways discussed. Originality/value The findings of this study are significant, in that they move toward addressing a gap in knowledge concerning women's perspectives on the changing family paradigm, extreme work culture and an expanded understanding of work-life balance. This reconceptualization can help mitigate gendered research and organizational programs that reinforce entrenched binaries, and instead enable organizations to implement more effective initiatives to improve advancement opportunities....
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to broaden an understanding of women's perceptions regarding advancement potential/barriers to success in upper echelon corporate roles in the S&P 500 in connection with understanding 21st-century family dynamics, rather than addressing gender in isolation. Design/methodology/approach Data collection in this study is based on semi-structured phone interviews with 13 women who have been identified by organizational leadership in an S&P 500 company as having high advancement potential. The results are evaluated using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Findings Participants' responses support existing research showing that women feel more responsible than their male counterparts for subordinating their career prospects to those of their male partners. Further, participants express that work-life and work-family balance constitute problematic barriers to advancement and often lead them to "choose" to slow-track career advancement and to avoid advancement opportunities. This choice narrative propagates women's perceptions that barriers to advancement are self-imposed. Participants viewed the extreme work model as inevitable in upper-echelon corporate roles, signaling the need for an increased understanding of how a broad definition of familial roles and work culture - rather than gendered issues in isolation - affect advancement opportunities in a 21st-century workforce. Practical implications Current organizational diversity initiatives have focused too myopically on gender. For organizations to create a more inclusive model for success at the upper echelons, it is essential to broaden organizational initiatives to address 21st-century employees rather than gendered programs. Organizations can endeavor to implement more effective models that enable two partners in a home with dependent children to advance, and all employees, even top leaders, to balance current definitions of work-life in several ways discussed. Originality/value The findings of this study are significant, in that they move toward addressing a gap in knowledge concerning women's perspectives on the changing family paradigm, extreme work culture and an expanded understanding of work-life balance. This reconceptualization can help mitigate gendered research and organizational programs that reinforce entrenched binaries, and instead enable organizations to implement more effective initiatives to improve advancement opportunities.
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Should we welcome social robots into interpersonal relationships? In this paper I show that an adequate answer to this question must take three factors into consideration: (1) the psychological vulnerability that characterizes ord...
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Should we welcome social robots into interpersonal relationships? In this paper I show that an adequate answer to this question must take three factors into consideration: (1) the psychological vulnerability that characterizes ordinary interpersonal relationships, (2) the normative significance that humans attach to other people's attitudes in such relationships, and (3) the tendency of humans to anthropomorphize and "mentalize" artificial agents, often beyond their actual capacities. I argue that we should welcome social robots into interpersonal relationships only if they are endowed with a social capacity that is functionally similar to our own capacity for social norms. Drawing on an interdisciplinary body of research on norm psychology, I explain why this capacity is importantly different from pre-programmed, top-down conformity to rules, in that it involves an open-ended responsiveness to social corrective feedback, such as that which humans provide to each other in expressions of praise and blame.
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Chromatographic retention factors (k) and mass spectral fragmentation patterns of perand poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were determined using the optimized parameters in liquid chromatography with tandem high-resolution mass ...
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Chromatographic retention factors (k) and mass spectral fragmentation patterns of perand poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were determined using the optimized parameters in liquid chromatography with tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis. Characteristic fragment ions obtained at various collision energies (MS2 fragmentation) were used to determine the structures of newly discovered (emerging) PFASs detected from industrial effluent and surface water samples. Moreover, COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Realistic Solvents (COSMO-RS) derived octanol-water partition coefficients (K-ow), along with mean isotropic polarizabilities calculated from Density Functional Theory (DFT), of known PFASs were plotted against their experimental k values (k(exp)) to obtain a multivariable regression model that can be used to predict k values of unknown PFASs. The k values of different structural isomers of unknown PFASs were calculated and compared to k(exp). The predicted k value for the isomer that matches the MS2 fragmentation observed was found to be within 4.2 % of k(exp). This study demonstrates the applicability of an approach that combines the observed MS2 fragmentation patterns and k values, together with computationally-derived log K-ow and polarizabilities, in assigning the structures of unknown PFASs at environmentally relevant conditions when no reference standards are available.
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