摘要 : This paper explores the characteristics and policies of the Canadian dairy industry, which is heavily protected from world markets, and explores the possibilities and likely effects of various policy changes. Canadian domestic mil... 展开 This paper explores the characteristics and policies of the Canadian dairy industry, which is heavily protected from world markets, and explores the possibilities and likely effects of various policy changes. Canadian domestic milk prices are high relative to US prices, because of (i) prohibitively high over-TRQ tariffs; (ii) relatively small TRQ levels for dairy products; and (iii) restrictive domestic marketing quotas faced by individual producers. The industry trade policy position is to maintain existing policies and specifically to resist attempts to increase access to the Canadian milk product market. Industry data suggest that the Canadian milk industry has increased its competitiveness with the US industry since the 1980s, largely due to the depreciation of the Canadian dollar over the period. These data suggest that a drastic reduction of protection in the Canadian industry in the next World Trade Organization Round may not result in significant increases in US exports to Canada. In addition, quota market data indicate a perception of much less risk in holding these quotas compared to the 1980s, suggesting Canadian dairy farmers' confidence of continued stability in milk pricing and dairy policy in Canada. 收起