摘要 : Genetic transformation of fruit tree species is a promising tool to improve one specific trait of a cultivar without changing its overall characteristics. However, Genetically Modified (GM) foods are not accepted worldwide; in Eur... 展开 Genetic transformation of fruit tree species is a promising tool to improve one specific trait of a cultivar without changing its overall characteristics. However, Genetically Modified (GM) foods are not accepted worldwide; in Europe there is persistent suspicion of GM crops, and supermarkets often display the label "GM-free". One of the main health safety concerns about GM foods relates to allergenicity. Fruits of the <i>Rosaceae</i> family, mainly apples, are reported as the plant food most frequently involved in allergic reactions. To date four major families of apple allergens are reported, i.e., <i>Mal d 1</i>, <i>Mal d 2</i>, <i>Mal d 3</i> and <i>Mal d 4</i>, each including several genes called also isoforms. <i>Mal d 1</i>, <i>-2</i> and <i>-3</i> are also known as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, while <i>Mal d 4</i> is classified as profilin with a putative actin-binding role. Within the European ISAFRUIT project the potential risk of increased allergenicity in GM plants was investigated through the study of allergen genes expression in <i>HcrVf2</i> transgenic scab resistant lines, in comparison with the isogenic cultivar and a classically bred cultivar with the same resistance gene. 收起