摘要 : A study was conducted to generate tissue cultures of M. charantia for their possible exploitation for the in vitro production of useful steroids. Cotyledons, leaves, shoot tip, nodal and internodal explants from 5-week-old seedlin... 展开 A study was conducted to generate tissue cultures of M. charantia for their possible exploitation for the in vitro production of useful steroids. Cotyledons, leaves, shoot tip, nodal and internodal explants from 5-week-old seedlings were cultured on MS medium with various concentrations (0.5-6.0 mg/l) and combinations of plant growth regulators, i.e. 6-benzylaminopurine [benzyladenine], kinetin, NAA and 2,4-D, for inducing various types of morphogenetic responses. The highest overall regeneration was noted from nodal explants followed by that of internodal and shoot tip explants. Cotyledons were unresponsive. Among various hormones, BAP (0.5 mg/l) was the optimum for shoot regeneration, whereas IBA (4 mg/l)/NAA (2 mg/l) supported the best rooting and 2,4-D (2 mg/l) was the most effective for callus formation. Qualitative and quantitative production of steroids (stigmasterol, beta -sitosterol and diosgenin) in fruits, seeds, aerial tissues, in vitro-grown seedling, callus and different developmental stages were studied by using thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometric analysis. The total sterol was maximum (23.79 mg/g dry weight) in 12-week-old aerial tissue, followed by 4-week-old mature seeds (20.81 mg/g dry weight) and 2-week-old mature fruits (19.53 mg/g dry weight). Among callus cultures (2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks old), the maximum amount (27.34 mg/g dry weight) of total steroid was obtained in 6-week-old and the minimum (12.12 mg/g dry weight) in 2-week-old callus cultures. On analysing different morphogenetic stages, the maximum amount of total steroid content was found in 6-week-old multiple shoot cultures (10.39 mg/g dry weight), followed by 6-week-old callus with rooting (9.45 mg/g dry weight), 6-week-old regenerated shoots (7.97 mg/g dry weight), 6-week-old callus (6.60 mg/g dry weight), and 25-day-old in vitro-grown seedling (6.16 mg/g dry weight). 收起