摘要 :
The problem of stalking has only received widespread recognition during the present decade following the media coverage of a few high profile cases involving celebrities such as actresses Teresa Saldana, Rebecca Schaffer, and Jodi...
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The problem of stalking has only received widespread recognition during the present decade following the media coverage of a few high profile cases involving celebrities such as actresses Teresa Saldana, Rebecca Schaffer, and Jodie Foster, talkshow host David Letterman (see Perez, 1993: 268-270), and most recently, Nicole Simpson, ex-wife of O.J. Simpson. The result of increased public awareness of this type of behavior has resulted in the passage of anti-stalking laws duriing the past seven years in every state, beginning with California in 1990. The purpose of this research study was to explore the nature of the stalking experiences of non-celebrity, former intimate victims, or ordinary people. Victim interviews provided the researcher with data on the nature of the stalking, the relationship between the victim and the stalker, the victims response to the stalking, the consequences of the stalking for the victim, and the needs of stalking victims and fulfillment of those needs in terms of victim services and the criminal justice system.
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Stalking definitions vary greatly in the literature and some are hard to decipher. This paper attempted to restrict publications to those that defined stalking as: (1) repeated (2 or more) acts and (2) including some element of fe...
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Stalking definitions vary greatly in the literature and some are hard to decipher. This paper attempted to restrict publications to those that defined stalking as: (1) repeated (2 or more) acts and (2) including some element of fear or concern about safety; or to those that defined stalking as a significant stressor or intrusion. General research trends are described within each section. Some of the trends that were noted are preliminary as they are from only one or two studies. Time and space limitations made it impossible to include every relevant research trend or citation. The literature often uses the term victim and survivor interchangeably, with some disciplines favoring one over the other. The use of the term victim in this paper is not meant to imply that women who have experienced partner violence and stalking are not survivors. Rather, the use of the word victim was simply chosen to provide a consistent terminology throughout the paper and should be thought of as interchangeable with survivor. Research indicates that most stalkers are male, and most stalking victims, especially partner stalking victims, are female (especially when definitions include the fear element). Because of the gendered nature of partner stalking, many studies focus on female partner stalking victims.
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When the Congress and President Clinton teamed up to make the Violence Against211 Women Act become law in 1994, the nation took a giant step forward in its 211 recognition of, and response to violence against women, particularly d...
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When the Congress and President Clinton teamed up to make the Violence Against211 Women Act become law in 1994, the nation took a giant step forward in its 211 recognition of, and response to violence against women, particularly domestic 211 violence, sexual assault, and stalking. This law not only strengthened criminal 211 laws and provided funding to enhance their enforcement, but also provided a 211 foundation for a successful long term criminal justice effort to end violence 211 against women. By encouraging collaboration among police, prosecutors, and victim 211 service providers, the Violence Against Women Act is building a comprehensive 211 community response to violence against women all across America.
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This guide reviews the problem of stalking and the factors that contribute to it. It then identifies a series of questions to help you analyze your local problem. Finally, it reviews responses to the problem, and what is known abo...
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This guide reviews the problem of stalking and the factors that contribute to it. It then identifies a series of questions to help you analyze your local problem. Finally, it reviews responses to the problem, and what is known about them from evaluative research and police practice.
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Stalking is a crime of terror. It is one part threat and one part waiting for the threat to be carried out. The victim of stalking has no way to resolve the threat and terror she feels. (Most reported cases involve male stalkers a...
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Stalking is a crime of terror. It is one part threat and one part waiting for the threat to be carried out. The victim of stalking has no way to resolve the threat and terror she feels. (Most reported cases involve male stalkers and female victims.) Stalking is also far more common than most people believe, including criminal justice professionals. Together, these two points underscore the reality that stalking is an important policy issue for the criminal justice system, for agencies providing services to victims of crime, and for advocates concerned about violence against women.
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We have reached a critical point in our understanding of violence against women211 in its many forms. The passage of the Violence Against Women Act (VAW) in 1994 211 signified a major change in our national response to such crimes...
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We have reached a critical point in our understanding of violence against women211 in its many forms. The passage of the Violence Against Women Act (VAW) in 1994 211 signified a major change in our national response to such crimes as domestic 211 violence, stalking, and sexual assault. For the first time, violent crimes 211 against women were understood in relation to the more general problem of gender 211 inequality. The VAWA seeks to eradicate violence against women at all levels and 211 give meaning to the promise of equal protection under the law. This report on 211 stalking is the second annual report to Congress providing information concerning 211 the incidence of stalking and the effectiveness of state antistalking efforts and 211 legislation as required under the provisions of the VAWA. While we do not yet 211 have all the answeres on how to prvent stalking, we need not throw up our hands 211 in frustration. Effective enforcement of the stalking laws coupled with an 211 increased understanding of the dynamics underlying the criminal behavior can go a 211 long way toward eliminating this crime.
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Sexual assault on the Nation's college campuses has been receiving more attention lately. Schools are not the safe havens they once appeared to be; college women are at higher risk for sexual assault than their non-college bound p...
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Sexual assault on the Nation's college campuses has been receiving more attention lately. Schools are not the safe havens they once appeared to be; college women are at higher risk for sexual assault than their non-college bound peers. Congress has enacted several laws requiring schools to disclose their security procedures, report crime data, and ensure victims' rights. In 1999, it asked the National Institute of Justice to study school compliance with Federal law. The resulting research report provides a comprehensive benchmark of sexual assault policy on the Nation's campuses. This Research for Practice presents key findings from the report.
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This study contributes extremely important data to our understanding about theprevalence and nature of violence against women in the United States. College campuses host large concentrations of young women who are at greater risk ...
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This study contributes extremely important data to our understanding about theprevalence and nature of violence against women in the United States. College campuses host large concentrations of young women who are at greater risk for rape and other forms of sexual assault than women in the general population or in a comparable age group. Based on their findings, Bonnie Fisher and her colleagues estimate that the women at a college that has 10,000 female students could
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Stalking creates uncertainty, instills fear, and can completely disrupt lives. It can involve severe-even lethal-violence. Stalking involves a pattern of overtly criminal and/or apparently innocent behavior that makes victims fear...
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Stalking creates uncertainty, instills fear, and can completely disrupt lives. It can involve severe-even lethal-violence. Stalking involves a pattern of overtly criminal and/or apparently innocent behavior that makes victims fear for themselves or others. Stalking is distinguishable from many other types of crime in two important ways. First, it entails repeat victimization of a person the offender targets-it is, by its very nature, a series of acts, rather than a single incident. Second, it is partly defined by its impact on the victim. While legal definitions of stalking vary from state to state, the following is a useful general definition: A course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person fear. This guide reviews the problem of stalking and the factors that contribute to it. It then identifies a series of questions to help you analyze your local problem. Finally, it reviews responses to the problem, and what is known about them from evaluative research and police practice.
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The purpose of this document is to guide victim service providers, volunteers, and other concerned community members on how to initiate and implement a stalking support group. This handbook provides recommendations on how to locat...
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The purpose of this document is to guide victim service providers, volunteers, and other concerned community members on how to initiate and implement a stalking support group. This handbook provides recommendations on how to locate partners and community support, identify resources, and engage victims who would like to participate in a stalking support group. It offers guidance on how to choose a leader or facilitator, how to prepare the leader, and how to run support group sessions that help members cope with the impact of stalking.
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