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Over the next several years, crop prices are projected to be below to slightlyabove commodity loan rates. As a result, marketing loan benefits to farmers, in the form of loan deficiency payments and marketing loan gains from the c...
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Over the next several years, crop prices are projected to be below to slightlyabove commodity loan rates. As a result, marketing loan benefits to farmers, in the form of loan deficiency payments and marketing loan gains from the commodity loan program, are likely to continue to be sizeable. The level of realized per-unit revenues facilitated by marketing loans exceeds commodity loan rates, thereby raising expected net returns to farmers. Model simulations show that the loan program can raise total acreage planted to major field crops, generally increasing levels of domestic use and exports while lowering crop prices. Cross-commodity effects of supply response to relative returns (including marketing loan benefits), however, result in acreage shifts among competing crops, which can lead to reductions in plantings of some crops in some years. Most impacts occur in the years when there are marketing loan benefits. The livestock sector benefits from these outcomes because of generally lower feed costs.
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The purpose of this project was to study representative examples of corporate initiatives for downtown development and to develop a generic model for corporate response to center city economic development issues. Working through i...
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The purpose of this project was to study representative examples of corporate initiatives for downtown development and to develop a generic model for corporate response to center city economic development issues. Working through its network of local downtown improvement organizations, I D E A identified 35 projects in 16 cities that demonstrate private sector commitment to downtown development. The study found that most projects still involve traditional real estate development, although most projects involve some sort of public participation in the form of loans, loan guarantees, infrastructure provision, etc. Importantly, corporations are taking an active role in developing strategies and mechanisms for addressing specific center city issues and/or for solving particular urban problems. The study found that, particularly in the case of these non-traditional projects, local downtown improvement organizations play a significant role.
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The Perkins Student Loan Program establishes federally subsidized revolving loan funds at postsecondary schools that provide 10-year, 5-percent loans to financially needy students. Schools must provide at least $1 of their own fun...
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The Perkins Student Loan Program establishes federally subsidized revolving loan funds at postsecondary schools that provide 10-year, 5-percent loans to financially needy students. Schools must provide at least $1 of their own funding for every $9 provided by the federal government. Each school is responsible for administering its fund; including making loans, collecting loan payments, and keeping all loan records. During the 1989-90 school year, 3,230 schools participated in the program and disbursed about $883 Million in Perkins loans. As of June 30, 1989, cumulative federal appropriations had totaled about $6 billion since the program was enacted in 1958 as the National Defense Student Loan Program. If a school closes, a federal regulation (34 C.F.R 674.17) requires the school to (1) return to the Department of Education the federal share of its fund's liquid assets (cash balance) and (2) transfer its outstanding Perkins loans to the Department or another institution approved by the Department. The total amount of assets a school has in its Perkins fund is referred to in this report as the net federal investment.
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Enclosed is a copy of The Debt Management Workbook: A Five Step Plan forSuccessfully Repaying Your Educational Loans. 'Introduction: Facts About Loan Repayment' is a short and to-the-point discussion of the benefits and pitfalls o...
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Enclosed is a copy of The Debt Management Workbook: A Five Step Plan forSuccessfully Repaying Your Educational Loans. 'Introduction: Facts About Loan Repayment' is a short and to-the-point discussion of the benefits and pitfalls of borrowing. Steps One and Two, 'Materials You Will Need' and 'Developing Your Loan Data Base,' will help you set up either paper-based or computer-based systems for filing papers and tracking your loans. Steps Three and Four, 'What You Need To Know About Your Loans' and 'Developing Your Own Strategies for Repayment,' should be particularly useful as you near graduation. Step Five, 'Where To Get Help,' is particularly helpful if you have graduated or have left school because it directs you to important information sources and offers approaches to fixing problems as they arise, whether these are your fault or are caused by your lender(s).
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The Official Cohort Default Rate Guide is a publication that the U.S. Departmentof Education (Department) sends to schools with their official Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program and William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (D...
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The Official Cohort Default Rate Guide is a publication that the U.S. Departmentof Education (Department) sends to schools with their official Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program and William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) Program cohort default rate data. The FY 1998 Official Cohort Default Rate Guide (Guide) should be used as a reference tool for the FY 1998 official cohort default rates and adjustment/appeal procedures. The purpose of this Guide is to assist the community in: understanding how the Department calculates cohort default rates; understanding the effect of cohort default rates; understanding how to read cohort default rate loan record detail reports; understanding the electronic reports associated with cohort default rates and borrower repayment information; submitting adjustments and appeals; withdrawing an adjustment or appeal; and understanding the responsibilities of guaranty agencies with regard to cohort default rate adjustments and appeals.
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Along with private mortgage providers, the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Federal Housing Administration (FHA) has been impacted by technological advances that began in the mid-1990s and that have significantl...
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Along with private mortgage providers, the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Federal Housing Administration (FHA) has been impacted by technological advances that began in the mid-1990s and that have significantly affected the way the mortgage industry works. As a result, in 2004, FHA implemented Technology Open to Approved Lenders (TOTAL) Scorecard--an automated tool that evaluates the majority of new loans insured by FHA. However, questions have emerged about the effectiveness of TOTAL. Given these concerns, you asked GAO to evaluate the way the agency developed and uses this new tool. This report looks at (1) the reasonableness of FHA's approach to developing TOTAL and (2) the potential benefits to HUD of expanding its use of TOTAL.
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Two major federal student loan programs, the Federal Direct Loan Program (FDLP)and the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP), together provided student borrowers with about 9 million loans totaling $42.9 billion in fiscal ...
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Two major federal student loan programs, the Federal Direct Loan Program (FDLP)and the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP), together provided student borrowers with about 9 million loans totaling $42.9 billion in fiscal year 1999. The federal governments role differs significantly between the two programs. Under FDLP, often referred to as the direct loan program, students or their parents borrow money directly from the federal government through the schools the students attend. The first FDLP loans were made in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 1994. Under FFELP, also known as the guaranteed student loan program, money is borrowed from private lenders such as banks, and the federal government guarantees repayment if the borrowers default. FFELP is the older of the two programs, having started in fiscal year 1966. The Department of Education administers both programs.
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The Federal government assists students and their parents in meeting the costs of postsecondary education through two student loan programs, the Federal Family Education Loan Program and the William D. Ford Direct Loan Program. Al...
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The Federal government assists students and their parents in meeting the costs of postsecondary education through two student loan programs, the Federal Family Education Loan Program and the William D. Ford Direct Loan Program. Although the two programs provide similar benefits to borrowers, their structures and operations differ greatly. As a result, the federal government's cash flows for the two programs differ, as do its net budgetary costs when calculated as specified in the Federal Credit Reform Act. This Congressional Budget Office (CBO) paper-prepared at the request of the Senate Budget Committee-describes how the agency estimates the budgetary costs of the two student loan programs and what factors account for the differences in those costs. In accordance with CBO's mandate to provide impartial analysis, the paper makes no recommendations.
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The purpose of this study is to help FHA understand the geographical dimension ofdefault behavior by examining concentrations of defaults of 1992 and 1994 loan originations in 22 urban areas. More specifically, the paper asks, fir...
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The purpose of this study is to help FHA understand the geographical dimension ofdefault behavior by examining concentrations of defaults of 1992 and 1994 loan originations in 22 urban areas. More specifically, the paper asks, first, whether defaults on FHA-insured loans are concentrated within a distinct set of high-default neighborhoods and, second whether defaults on FHA-insured loans are concentrated within a set of high-default lenders.
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The report examines the changes that occurred in postsecondary education between1986-87 and 1989-90 by comparing students enrolled in the fall of 1986 with those enrolled in the fall of 1989. The overall focus of the report is on ...
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The report examines the changes that occurred in postsecondary education between1986-87 and 1989-90 by comparing students enrolled in the fall of 1986 with those enrolled in the fall of 1989. The overall focus of the report is on the changes in the characteristics of undergraduate students who received financial aid in the amounts they received. In particular, this report looks at the undergraduates who received financial aid by the type of aid, source of aid, and specific Title IV program. The final chapter of the report then compares students who were enrolled in the fall and nonfall terms of 1989-90 to determine how they differed in their receipt of financial aid.
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