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The report on the activities of the Federal government to acquire, abstract, translate, and disseminate Japanese technical literature has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Public Law 99-382, the Japanese Technic...
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The report on the activities of the Federal government to acquire, abstract, translate, and disseminate Japanese technical literature has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Public Law 99-382, the Japanese Technical Literature Act of 1986. It was written by staff of the Office of Japanese Technical Literature, which was formally established in the U.S. Department of Commerce in June, 1987. The Federal government and the country as a whole are at a relatively early stage in seeking information outside U.S. borders. As U.S. researchers increase their awareness of Japanese scientific and technical developments, internal demands for useful and timely information from Japan can be expected to grow. The report will hopefully serve as the basis for future enhanced efforts at the Federal level.
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In 1997, the public and private sectors in Japan invested $90.3 billion in R&D. Japan is the second largest supporter of R&D after the United States. A very large percentage (79.4%) of all R&D in Japan is supported by the private sector. The prolonged economic recession that has plagued the Japanese economy for most of the 1990s has significantly reduced the scale of the Japanese R&D effort compared to what it would have been had the economy been more robust. The Japanese government has recently attempted to bring the economy ou...
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In 1997, the public and private sectors in Japan invested $90.3 billion in R&D. Japan is the second largest supporter of R&D after the United States. A very large percentage (79.4%) of all R&D in Japan is supported by the private sector. The prolonged economic recession that has plagued the Japanese economy for most of the 1990s has significantly reduced the scale of the Japanese R&D effort compared to what it would have been had the economy been more robust. The Japanese government has recently attempted to bring the economy out of this recession through the use of economic stimulus packages. These stimulus packages have contained significant new funding for R&D, although it is apparent that much of the funding is going to R&D programs and R&D construction projects with very near tern payoff and not to the support of longer term R&D. In 1998, the Japanese government devoted 13.7% of all public R&D funds to the support of energy R&D. The priority accorded to energy R&D in Japan is significantly higher than in any other industrialized nation. The Japanese energy R&D program, which was funded at $2.5 billion in 1997, is overwhelmingly focused on nuclear energy R&D. Nuclear energy R&D (fission and fision) accounts for 75% of the total national energy R&D budget. The fission energy R&D effort has decreased nearly 24% since 1996 as the government attempts to refocus this program in the face of growing public opposition to the Japanese government's efforts to expand the nuclear power program. Energy efficiency R&D (8% of the total national energy R&D budget) and renewable energy R&D receive relatively modest support from the Japanese government.
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The Tsugaru Strait is one of four straits that connect the Sea of Japan to adjacent oceans. Flow dynamics in the Tsugaru Strait region are closely tied to the dynamics of the Tsushima Current, a branch of the Kuroshio that enters ...
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The Tsugaru Strait is one of four straits that connect the Sea of Japan to adjacent oceans. Flow dynamics in the Tsugaru Strait region are closely tied to the dynamics of the Tsushima Current, a branch of the Kuroshio that enters the Sea of Japan through the Korea Strait and exits through the Tsugaru and Soya Straits. This research concentrates on the dynamic interplay of the Tsushima Current and the Tsugaru Strait in three regions: the inflow region (Sea of Japan side), the strait itself, and the outflow region (North Pacific side). Dynamic calculations and steric sea leveling in the inflow region indicate that transport into the Tsugaru Strait is principally governed by the geostrophically balanced Tsushima Current. Setup generated south of the strait by the Tsushima Current cannot be maintained at the entrance to the strait; the resulting northward drop in coastal sea level is balanced by a net loss of transport into the strait. Within the strait, the flow is geostrophically balanced in the cross-stream direction. In the long stream direction, the barotropic pressure gradient is chiefly balanced by the longitudinal baroclinic pressure gradient and friction. Application of the Hansen-Rattray (1966) estuarine classification scheme to several straits shows that the Tsugaru Strait displays dynamics similar to that of a well-mixed estuary. The outflow jet emerging from the eastern mouth of the strait is governed by inertial-rotational dynamics; two distinct circulation modes, which behave in a manner consistent with the laboratory findings of Whitehead and Miller (1979), are seen.
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The D experiment is one of the two collider experiments at Fermilab. The Ddetector is a multi-purpose detector and took its data during Fermilab TeVatron collider run in 1992-1996. Both the D detector and the Tevatron accelerator ...
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The D experiment is one of the two collider experiments at Fermilab. The Ddetector is a multi-purpose detector and took its data during Fermilab TeVatron collider run in 1992-1996. Both the D detector and the Tevatron accelerator at Fermilab are currently undergoing significant upgrade to extend the reach to new physics and to further probe Standard Model. In this paper, physics potential of the upgraded D detector and the upgrade status are discussed.
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Since 1988 the Japanese Prime Minister's Council for Science and Technology hasannually granted three-year research grants under the International Core System for Basic Research (Kokusai Ryudo Kiso Kenkyu). Under the program (whic...
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Since 1988 the Japanese Prime Minister's Council for Science and Technology hasannually granted three-year research grants under the International Core System for Basic Research (Kokusai Ryudo Kiso Kenkyu). Under the program (which is also known as the Shosai program), each project is organized around a research leader in a government laboratory, with co-investigators recruited from within the host laboratory, as well as from other Japanese institutions and from overseas. The report provides a brief outline of the program, discusses opportunities for participation by non-Japanese researchers, and gives a listing of the new projects approved during JFY 1991 (which includes complete contact information). For additional background on the program and its origins, see PB90-199076.
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Contents: Assessment study of the history of Japanese superconductivity efforts; History of low temperature superconducting electronic devices and sensors; Lessons from low temperature superconductors (high field/high current applications).
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Using information obtained from studies of the effects of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the report addresses the magnitude of the problems which the medical services of a community might be called upon to face in the eve...
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Using information obtained from studies of the effects of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the report addresses the magnitude of the problems which the medical services of a community might be called upon to face in the event of atomic attack. A method for estimating casualties in atomic attack is given. Medical considerations, including the amount of blood needed for treatment of casualties are discussed. Some publications of particular interest to physicians concerned with medical planning for civilian communities are cited. A recommended reading list is also included.
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