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Acute coronary syndrome has a high mortality rate that dramatically increases in the presence of left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. Over the past decades, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has been commonly accept...
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Acute coronary syndrome has a high mortality rate that dramatically increases in the presence of left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. Over the past decades, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has been commonly accepted as the standard of care for patients with LMCA stenosis and is still considered the first-line treatment in current practice guidelines. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of protected and unprotected LMCA has gained popularity and is increasingly utilized with comparable outcomes to CABG in randomized controlled trials. In-stent restenosis and the need for revascularization provide the main obstacle to LMCA revascularization. The advent of better PCI equipment, stents, ablative devices, intravascular ultrasound, hemodynamic support devices and antithrombotic agents have ignited a renewed interest in the practice of LMCA PCI, especially for high surgical risk patients who are neither candidates nor agreeable to CABG surgery. Herein, we review the studies comparing unprotected LMCA stenting with CABG surgery in regard to 3 main endpoints: mortality, major adverse events and the incidence of repeat revascularization.
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Quels que soient les régions anatomiques atteintes ou les germes mis en évidence, les lignes directrices du traitement des infections restent les mêmes. Si l'usage des antibiotiques est souvent nécessaire, il ne remplace pas l...
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Quels que soient les régions anatomiques atteintes ou les germes mis en évidence, les lignes directrices du traitement des infections restent les mêmes. Si l'usage des antibiotiques est souvent nécessaire, il ne remplace pas le geste chirurgical. L'incision des abcès ou des phlegmons, le débridement large puis le drainage des plaies, l'immobilisation et la surélévation du membre atteint sont les bases du traitement.
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摘要 :
Acute coronary syndrome has a high mortality rate that dramatically increases in the presence of left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. Over the past decades, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has been commonly accept...
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Acute coronary syndrome has a high mortality rate that dramatically increases in the presence of left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. Over the past decades, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has been commonly accepted as the standard of care for patients with LMCA stenosis and is still considered the first-line treatment in current practice guidelines. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of protected and unprotected LMCA has gained popularity and is increasingly utilized with comparable outcomes to CABG in randomized controlled trials. In-stent restenosis and the need for revascularization provide the main obstacle to LMCA revascularization. The advent of better PCI equipment, stents, ablative devices, intravascular ultrasound, hemodynamic support devices and antithrombotic agents have ignited a renewed interest in the practice of LMCA PCI, especially for high surgical risk patients who are neither candidates nor agreeable to CABG surgery. Herein, we review the studies comparing unprotected LMCA stenting with CABG surgery in regard to 3 main endpoints: mortality, major adverse events and the incidence of repeat revascularization.
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A water supply gravity main does not require power input; thus, it is preferred in comparison to a water supply pumping main. Moreover, a gravity main has greater reliability because it does not have moving parts, e.g., pumps and ...
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A water supply gravity main does not require power input; thus, it is preferred in comparison to a water supply pumping main. Moreover, a gravity main has greater reliability because it does not have moving parts, e.g., pumps and motors, and is independent of power requirement. Availability of a regular power supply at a required current and voltage is a problem in many parts of the globe. For a gently sloping topography, the gravity main involves large pipe diameters. Thus, in comparison with a pumping main, a gravity main may be uneconomical due to large size and associated overall cost. A review of the literature indicated that there is no guideline available for the adoption of a gravity main for a gently sloping terrain. In this investigation, a criterion has been obtained to ascertain if a gravity main or pumping main will be economic for a given gentle terrain for pipe laying.
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This study surveyed features of weddings in the main family by selecting 10 families in which the grandnephew and grandnephew’s wife dwell in the head house, have a shrine, and hold a memorial service for Bulcheonwi (不遷位). A c...
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This study surveyed features of weddings in the main family by selecting 10 families in which the grandnephew and grandnephew’s wife dwell in the head house, have a shrine, and hold a memorial service for Bulcheonwi (不遷位). A case survey through in-depth interview was carried out from April 9, to October 8, 2011. It surveyed the contents and the wedding artifacts in Uihon (議婚), Napchae (納采), Nappye (納幣), Daerye (大禮), Hyeongugorye (見舅姑禮), which are the procedures of traditional wedding that have been kept in the wedding ceremony of the main family. As a result, in deciding on marriage, the marriage was formed on the basis of similar Gagyeok (家格) and on ancestor’s common scholastic mantle or origin. As for wedding furnishings, wedding presents, and wedding gifts, 9 out of 10 families were indicated to give and take weakly. Also, 6 out of 10 families held a traditional wedding ceremony in the yard of the bride’s house. Hyeongugorye (見舅姑禮) was indicated to be held by all of the 10 families. A continuous effort in academic circles and industries is demanded for preserving the living culture of the main family, which proceeds with following the traditional elements even amid a rapidly-changing historical flow as today.
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Left main coronary artery aneurysms (LMCAA) are rare. The most common cause is atherosclerosis followed by congenital malformations. Patients with LMCAA can present with shortness of breath and angina if there is coexisting obstru...
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Left main coronary artery aneurysms (LMCAA) are rare. The most common cause is atherosclerosis followed by congenital malformations. Patients with LMCAA can present with shortness of breath and angina if there is coexisting obstructive coronary artery disease. Here we describe a patient incidentally found to have a 2 cm aneurysm of the left main coronary artery in the setting of an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and we discuss potential medical and surgical treatment options for this incompletely understood condition.
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A large ice sheet still covered almost all of Maine and eastern New England until ca. 15 cal ka BP, reaching south of 45 degrees S, despite rising summer insolation intensity and major ice recession elsewhere outside the North Atl...
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A large ice sheet still covered almost all of Maine and eastern New England until ca. 15 cal ka BP, reaching south of 45 degrees S, despite rising summer insolation intensity and major ice recession elsewhere outside the North Atlantic region. Furthermore, the well-studied moraine belt along eastern coastal Maine, including the prominent Pineo Ridge delta/moraine complex and Pond Ridge moraine, indicates repeated readvances and stillstands between ca. 16 and 15 cal ka BP. This moraine belt reflects a considerable ice sheet response over eastern North America during this time period, coeval with the latter half of the European Oldest Dryas period. Moraine deposition was concurrent with reduction or elimination of North Atlantic meridional overturning, starting with the earlier onset of peak IRD and Heinrich Event 1 (HE-1). The existing C-14 chronology suggests that the coastal moraine belt and the persistence of the ice sheet until similar to 15 cal ka BP was a response to the severe cooling of the North Atlantic region after similar to 17 cal ka BP. (c) 2007 University of Washington. All rights reserved.
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Applying main path analysis, this paper investigates the IT outsourcing (ITO) field by identifying a set of papers that have played a central role in the development of the field and the major research themes emerging from the cit...
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Applying main path analysis, this paper investigates the IT outsourcing (ITO) field by identifying a set of papers that have played a central role in the development of the field and the major research themes emerging from the citation patterns. We selected the top 120,000 main paths from 6.45 million main paths among 798 ITO papers, resulting in a data set of 280 papers that represent the most important nodes supporting ITO knowledge flow. Based on our analysis of the multiple main paths, twelve major research themes emerged: ITO motivations, ITO decisions, ITO risks, debate around transaction cost theory, client-vendor relationship, the vendor's perspective, psychological and formal contracts, ASP, BPO, opensourcing and crowdsourcing, offshore outsourcing, and multisourcing. Finally, we discussed future directions of ITO research based on our findings. Our study is among the few studies that have used bibliometric analysis methods to analyze and visualize the citation network characterizing the rich body of ITO literature. The main path analysis precisely identified and visualized the major knowledge flow in the evolution of ITO research and major ITO research streams, thus providing an in-depth understanding of ITO research in the last 20 years. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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We review magnetic-field measurements of nondegenerate stars across the Hertzprung-Russell diagram for main sequence, premain sequence, and postmain sequence stars. For stars with complex magnetic-field morphologies, which include...
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We review magnetic-field measurements of nondegenerate stars across the Hertzprung-Russell diagram for main sequence, premain sequence, and postmain sequence stars. For stars with complex magnetic-field morphologies, which includes all G-M main sequence stars, the analysis of spectra obtained in polarized vs unpolarized light provides very different magnetic measurements because of the presence or absence of cancellation by oppositely directed magnetic fields within the instrument's spatial resolution. This cancellation can be severe, as indicated by the spatially averaged magnetic field of the Sun viewed as a star. These averaged fields are smaller by a factor of 1000 or more compared to spatially resolved magnetic-field strengths. We explain magnetic-field terms that characterize the fields obtained with different measurement techniques. Magnetic fields typically control the structure of stellar atmospheres in and above the photosphere, the heating rates of stellar chromospheres and coronae, mass and angular momentum loss through stellar winds, chemical peculiarity, and the emission of high energy photons, which is critically important for the evolution of protoplanetary disks and the habitability of exoplanets. Since these effects are governed by the star's magnetic energy, which is proportional to the magnetic-field strength squared and its fractional surface coverage, it is important to measure or reliably infer the true magnetic-field strength and filling factor across a stellar disk. We summarize magnetic-field measurements obtained with the different observing techniques for different types of stars and estimate the highest magnetic-field strengths. We also comment on the different field morphologies observed for stars across the H-R diagram, typically inferred from Zeeman-Doppler imaging and rotational modulation observations,.
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In this work, we investigate the size, thermal inertia, surface roughness, and geometric albedo of 10 Vesta family asteroids using the Advanced Thermophysical Model, based on the thermal-infrared data acquired by mainly NASA's Wid...
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In this work, we investigate the size, thermal inertia, surface roughness, and geometric albedo of 10 Vesta family asteroids using the Advanced Thermophysical Model, based on the thermal-infrared data acquired by mainly NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer.Here, we show that the average thermal inertia and geometric albedo of the investigated Vesta family members are 42 J m?2 s?1/2 K?1 and 0.314, respectively, where the derived effective diameters are less than 10 km.Moreover, the family members have a relatively low roughness fraction on their surfaces.The similarity in thermal inertia and geometric albedo among the V-type Vesta family members may reveal their close connection in origin and evolution.As the fragments of the cratering event of Vesta, the family members may have undergone a similar evolutionary process, thereby leading to very close thermal properties.Finally, we estimate their regolith grain sizes with different volume filling factors.
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