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Antioxidants work by interacting with free radicals and converting them into harmless chemicals, interfering with the progression of potentially hazardous chain reactions. Antioxidants are useful in treating illnesses induced by f...
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Antioxidants work by interacting with free radicals and converting them into harmless chemicals, interfering with the progression of potentially hazardous chain reactions. Antioxidants are useful in treating illnesses induced by free radicals because they help minimize oxidative stress. Antioxidants, whether natural or synthetic, have a limited effect on cellular health and function because of their low absorption, inability to traverse cellular membrane, and disintegration during delivery. The benefits of antioxidants, both natural and synthetic, are comparable. The use of antioxidants that are covalently attached to nanoparticles, or encased in particles with a hollow center, or feature the nanomaterial encapsulation of various origins has been employed to solve these challenges to provide improved stability, slow and slow sustained release, biocompatibility, and targeted administration. This review examines the importance of metal-based antioxidants and methods for enhancing antioxidant activities based on recent studies.
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The anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antioxidant activities of Vitex peduncularis leaf extracts in methanol (MEVP) were studied through the in vivo, in vitro, and in silico models. The leaves were extracted with methanol and subjec...
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The anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antioxidant activities of Vitex peduncularis leaf extracts in methanol (MEVP) were studied through the in vivo, in vitro, and in silico models. The leaves were extracted with methanol and subjected to in vivo anxiolytic and antidepressant screening by using hole-board test (HBT) and forced swimming test (FST) in adult albino mice. Antioxidant activity was screened by using DPPH scavenging assay and total phenolic content (TPC). In silico studies followed by molecular docking analysis and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) properties of several secondary metabolites evaluated with Schrodinger V11.1. In HBT, the oral MEVP treatment (200 and 400 mg kg-1, b.w.) showed dose-dependency, while 400mg kg""1 exhibited mean head dipping compared to the standard drug, diazepam (1 mg kg"1). Whereas in FST, the highest dose decreased the period of immobility. DPPH scavenging assay (IC50 = 83.72 ug mLT1) and TPC analysis (97.27 ± 8.64 mg GAE g"1) supported the antioxidant effects of MEVP. The secondary metabolites showed promising binding affinities toward the potassium channel, 5-HT1B, and glutathione reductase protein targets in molecular docking analysis. ADME analysis revealed drug-likeness by following Lipinski's rule.
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Изследвани са промените на общите полифеноли, общите антоциани и антиоксидантния капацитет (DPPH and FRAP тестове) на плодове на че...
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Изследвани са промените на общите полифеноли, общите антоциани и антиоксидантния капацитет (DPPH and FRAP тестове) на плодове на черна боровинка (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) по време на сушене в експериментална слънчева конвективна сушилня. Установени са значително по-високи стойности (средни за дадената температура) за общите полифеноли (50%), общите антоциани (74%), и антиоксидантния капацитет (36-56%) на черните боровинки, изсушени при60°С в сравнение с тези при 40°С. Получените резултати показват, че времето за сушене съществено влияе върху антиоксидантния капацитет на черните боровинки, особено при конвективно сушене при ниски температури. Ето защо, следва да се препоръча сушене при по-високи температури, но за по-кратко време, позволяващо по-добро запазване на полифенолните антиоксиданти.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the amino acid composition and antioxidant properties of twooyster mushroom species, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju, commercially cultivated in NE Thailand. Proximatecom...
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The objective of this study was to investigate the amino acid composition and antioxidant properties of twooyster mushroom species, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju, commercially cultivated in NE Thailand. Proximatecomposition and dietary fibre of dried mushrooms were determined. Amino acid composition of fresh mushrooms wasanalysed by HPLC. Water and ethanol extracts were obtained from dried mushrooms and determined for total phenoliccontents (TPC) by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, free radical scavenging efficacy by the DPPH method, and reducing powerby the ferric reducing-antioxidant power method. Except for protein, proximate compositions of dried mushrooms weresignificantly different. Similar amino acid profiles in both mushrooms were obtained, with glutamic acid, aspartic acid, andarginine being the three most abundant. Water extracts contained higher TPC and possessed better antioxidant activities thandid ethanol extracts for both mushrooms. Overall, P ostreatus possessed more antioxidant than P sajor-caju. The EC50 ofP ostreatus and P sajor-caju water extracts were 11.56 and 13.38 mg/ml, respectively, while those of the ethanol extractswere 31.75 and 58.44 mg/ml, respectively.
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A limitation of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability (DRSA) due to the presence of pigments and colors in the extracts of plant-based foods was addressed. The pigments present in the test samples abs...
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A limitation of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability (DRSA) due to the presence of pigments and colors in the extracts of plant-based foods was addressed. The pigments present in the test samples absorb in the same wavelength region as the DPPH radicals; this interferes with the elaborate absorbance readings of the DPPH radicals. In this contribution, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for DPPH assay is proposed in order to avoid this limitation. In the EPR-DPPH assay, the underestimation of the radical scavenging abilities of four different pigment-containing extracts was corrected and this reflected up to a 16.1% change compared to the original values. Thus, the EPR-DPPH assay eliminated interference from the pigments coexisting in the reaction medium and improved the accuracy of the DPPH radical scavenging potential of such extracts. The principle of the proposed solution might also be employed in other assays which suffer from pigment interference.
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Quercetin is a flavonoid widely distributed in vegetables and fruits and exhibits strong antioxidant activity, but the poor solubility and stability of quercetin limit its function and application. The purpose of this study was to...
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Quercetin is a flavonoid widely distributed in vegetables and fruits and exhibits strong antioxidant activity, but the poor solubility and stability of quercetin limit its function and application. The purpose of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate and stability of a poorly water-soluble drug quercetin by complexation with cyclodextrin- based nanosponges. Nanosponges are recently developed sponge-like structures and have the capacity to interact with small molecules in its matrix. In this study, five types of nanosponges were purposely designed by varying the molar ratio of β-cyclodextrin and diphenyl carbonate. Quercetin was loaded into nanosponges by freeze-drying method. The particle sizes of plain and quercetin-loaded nanosponges are in between 40 and 100 nm with low polydispersity indices. Zeta potential is sufficiently high to obtain a stable colloidal nanosuspension. Fourier transformed infrared, Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray powder diffraction studies confirmed the interaction of quercetin with nanosponges. Particle sizes measured from TEM images were in agreement with DLS results. The dissolution of the quercetin nanosponges was significantly higher compared with the pure drug. The stability of encapsulated quercetin nanosponge was tracked in a simulated intestinal fluid. A marked improvement in the photostability was also observed. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the quercetin nanosponges was more effective than pure quercetin on DPPH scavenging, anti-superoxide formation, and superoxide anion scavenging. These results signify that nanosponge formulations can be used as effective nanocarriers for the delivery of quercetin.
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The objective of this research was to evaluate the production and phytochemical quality of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) fruits, in response to the foliar application of different seaweed extracts. This study was carried out under ...
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The objective of this research was to evaluate the production and phytochemical quality of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) fruits, in response to the foliar application of different seaweed extracts. This study was carried out under shadow mesh conditions in the autumn–winter agricultural cycle at the Instituto Tecnológico de Torreón, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico. The experimental design was completely random, using six treatments with six repetitions each. The treatments evaluated were: Macrocystis pyrifera , Bryothamnion triquetrum , Ascophyllum nodosum , Grammatophora spp., Macrocystis integrifolia , and a control treatment with inorganic fertilization. The substrate used was a mixture of sand and vermicompost. The yield, commercial size, and phytochemical compounds of the fruit were evaluated. Results showed that the yield using Steiner solution (6.75 kg m ?2 ) was higher than that obtained with Bryothamnion triquetrum algae (6.07 kg m ?2 ). Regarding the phenolic content, the extracts surpassed the control treatment, with Macrocystis pyrifera and Macrocystis integrifolia being statistically equal, with values of 47.37 and 43.73 mg equiv. of Ac. Gallic 100 g fresh weight, respectively. The antioxidant capacity by ABTS+ and DPPH+ methods was higher using the treatment with Macrocystis pyrifera algae with 149.4 and 454.1 μM equiv Trolox/100 g fresh base, respectively. This treatment also presented the highest value of vitamin C with 5.07 mg/100 g fresh base, being 27% greater than the control treatment. Algae extracts increased the quality of the fruits by obtaining the highest antioxidant capacity, making their use a viable option to minimize the application of conventional fertilizers, thereby attenuating the effects on the environment and improving the health of the population.
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Changes in the physicochemical, thermo-rheological and antioxidant properties of the cowpea and potato starch subjected to gamma irradiation were studied. It was found that apparent amylose content, swelling index, enthalpy of gel...
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Changes in the physicochemical, thermo-rheological and antioxidant properties of the cowpea and potato starch subjected to gamma irradiation were studied. It was found that apparent amylose content, swelling index, enthalpy of gelatinization, transition temperature and total crystallinity of the starches significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased with an increase in irradiation dose. Similarly, significant (p ≤ 0.05) decline in the pasting properties (peak, trough, setback, final viscosity, and pasting temperature) for both the starches was observed with increasing the ionizing dose. On the contrary, the increased solubility index was incurred upon subjecting the starch to gamma irradiation. The irradiated starch granules remained intact showing no surface fissures. Antioxidant capacity, FRAP values, and DPPH% inhibition, increased as the irradiation dose increases.
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A series of novel (Z)-3-(2-(4-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl) thiazol-2-yl-)hydrazono)indolin-2-one (8a-8d, 9) were synthesized with various substituted indole derivatives. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by ...
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A series of novel (Z)-3-(2-(4-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl) thiazol-2-yl-)hydrazono)indolin-2-one (8a-8d, 9) were synthesized with various substituted indole derivatives. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by FT-IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR and API-ES mass spectral data. In vitro evaluation of these coumarin compounds revealed cytotoxicity from 6.2 to 18 A mu g/mL against CEM, 8.2 to 21 A mu g/mL against L1210, 09 to 19 A mu g/mL against molt 4/C-8, 8.6 to 12 A mu g/mL against HL60 and 8 to 16 A mu g/mL against BEL7402. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by DPPH scavenging method. Compounds 8c, 8d and 9 showed significant antioxidant activity compared with that of standard drug ascorbic acid.
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