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The current investigation examined relations between distress tolerance (DT), life stressors, and anger using cross-sectional and prospective designs. In Study 1, low DT was uniquely associated with higher levels of trait anger an...
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The current investigation examined relations between distress tolerance (DT), life stressors, and anger using cross-sectional and prospective designs. In Study 1, low DT was uniquely associated with higher levels of trait anger and anger control difficulties. In Study 2, the DT and anger relationship was examined through two assessments, 1 month apart, and using twice-weekly daily diary assessments. Low DT predicted increases in anger 1 month later only among individuals reporting low past-month romantic negative life events; it did not interact with daily stressors in predicting daily anger. Lower daily DT was uniquely associated with greater daily anger. Overall, support was found for unique concurrent relations between low DT and problematic anger, though no support was found for low DT acting as a prospective vulnerability factor for increased angry response to stressors. Theoretical implications are discussed.
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Although adolescents often struggle to regulate their anger, few studies have examined anger regulation within the period of adolescence. In view of this, this study explored potential sex and age differences in anger experience, ...
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Although adolescents often struggle to regulate their anger, few studies have examined anger regulation within the period of adolescence. In view of this, this study explored potential sex and age differences in anger experience, expressions, and control among Grades 8-12 adolescents (n = 766) in Western Canada. Anger regulation was evaluated by the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Three separate multivariate analyses of variance and post hoc tests were performed. Results revealed that Grade 12 students experienced more anger than Grade 8 students. Furthermore, Grades 10-12 students engaged in greater levels of anger-expressive suppression compared with those in Grade 8; Grade 12 students also suppressed their anger more than Grade 9 students. Lastly, girls were less likely to control their outward anger as compared with boys. These results provide important implications for intervention efforts by suggesting nonlinear developmental patterns in anger experience and expressions as well as sex differences in anger control.
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The aim of this study was to examine mediation effect of anger rumination on the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control including trait anger, state anger, anger in, anger out, anger-control in, and anger-contr...
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The aim of this study was to examine mediation effect of anger rumination on the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control including trait anger, state anger, anger in, anger out, anger-control in, and anger-control out with mental health in a sample of Iranian students. A total of 449 volunteer students (234 girls, 215 boys) were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete the Tehran Multidimensional Anger Scale (TMAS; Besharat, 2008), Anger Rumination Scale (ARS; Sukhodolsky, Golub, & Cromwell, 2001), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI; Veit & Ware, 1983). Anger rumination mediated the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control with mental health in opposite directions. Analysis of the data revealed that higher levels of anger was associated with lower levels of psychological well-being as well as higher levels of psychological distress. In contrast, higher levels of anger control were associated with higher levels of psychological well-being as well as lower levels of psychological distress. Mediation effect of anger rumination for the association of anger dimensions with mental health was full for psychological well-being and partial for psychological distress. Conversely, mediation effect of anger rumination for the association of anger control dimensions with mental health was partial for psychological well-being and full for psychological distress.
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The question of whether "we drive as we live" or whether "we are transformed behind the wheel" generates discussion at all levels from the scholarly to the popular. To shed light on this issue, this study measured the personality ...
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The question of whether "we drive as we live" or whether "we are transformed behind the wheel" generates discussion at all levels from the scholarly to the popular. To shed light on this issue, this study measured the personality traits of general anger and driving anger and four modes of expression common to both contexts (verbal, physical, displaced and adaptive) in a sample of 198 drivers. The results showed a moderate correlation between the two measured traits and indicated that each mode of expression correlated better with its equivalent mode in the other context than it did with the other modes of expression. Next, three hypotheses about the multivariate relationship were tested through five path models. These models confirmed that general anger and driving anger, although related to each other, are two different traits: a propensity to general anger and a propensity to driving anger. However, it was observed that when someone experiences anger, either on or off the road, it is expressed in the same way, given that each mode of expression behind the wheel is associated to both the propensity to driving anger and the equivalent mode of expression in a general context. Finally, the study's implications are discussed.
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Aggression and anger have been related to crash involvement, but the direct causal relation between situational anger and driving choices and abilities has not been examined empirically. In this study, 15 licensed drivers drove tw...
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Aggression and anger have been related to crash involvement, but the direct causal relation between situational anger and driving choices and abilities has not been examined empirically. In this study, 15 licensed drivers drove twice in a driving simulator, each time following one of two emotion inductions based on event recall: angry and neutral. Following anger induction, the drivers crossed more yellow traffic lights (p<.01) and tended to drive faster (non-significant). However, performance on emergency manoeuvres were unaffected by anger. In conclusion, it appears that state anger affects driving behaviour by increasing risk taking, without necessarily compromising the skilled driving behaviour, at least as far as these behaviours were evaluated in emergency situations in simulated driving.
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Objectives:This study was to investigate the factors affecting anger and gratitude on happiness among nursing students. Methods:The research design for this study was a descriptive survey using convenience sampling. Participants w...
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Objectives:This study was to investigate the factors affecting anger and gratitude on happiness among nursing students. Methods:The research design for this study was a descriptive survey using convenience sampling. Participants were 285 nursing students in Busan Metropolitan City. Collected data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, stepwise multiple regression with SPSS 20.0 program. Results:Happiness was showed significantly positive correlation with gratitude (r = 0.60, p;< 0.001). Happiness was showed negative correlation with trait anger (r = -0.31, p< 0.001), anger in (r = -0.43, p< 0.001), anger out (r = -0.27, p< 0.001). The significant predictors of happiness included gratitude, satisfaction of college life, trait anger, satisfaction of major and anger in. The regression model explained 46.4% of happiness. Conclusions:The Results: of this study showed that anger and gratitude are significant factors affecting the happiness of nursing students. To enhance happiness in nursing students, it is necessary to include gratitude training and anger control training in happiness improvement program.
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While previous research has assumed that intense leader anger displays result in negative consequences, researchers have recently started to outline their potential for prompting followers to improve their performance. We explain ...
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While previous research has assumed that intense leader anger displays result in negative consequences, researchers have recently started to outline their potential for prompting followers to improve their performance. We explain these conflicting positions by demonstrating that leaders' anger intensity positively affects both deviance and work effort through triggering anger and anxiety in followers. We conducted two critical incident studies, replicating our results with different methodologies and controlling for potential alternative explanations. In line with theories on reciprocal emotions, supervisor-directed deviance became more likely with higher leader anger intensity because followers reacted with correspondingly more anger. However, in line with theories on complementary emotions, leaders' anger intensity was also positively related to followers' work effort due to followers' anxiety. These results were replicated when taking leaders' anger appropriateness into account as a potential moderator of the deviance-related path and when controlling for followers' feelings of guilt (an alternative explanation for followers' work effort). Our paper provides evidence that intense anger displays increase followers' work effort but also cautions leaders to show these, as the work effort caused by them is based on followers' intimidation and likely to be accompanied by deviant reactions. By considering the affective reactions triggered in followers, our paper integrates diverging theoretical perspectives on followers' reactions to leaders' anger intensity. Moreover, it is one of the first to disentangle the interpersonal effects that different expressions of the same emotion may have.
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Previous research has consistently found a relationship between driving anger and aggressive driving. Some research focusing on the content of thoughts has helped to account for this relationship; however, there is a paucity of re...
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Previous research has consistently found a relationship between driving anger and aggressive driving. Some research focusing on the content of thoughts has helped to account for this relationship; however, there is a paucity of research on how specific styles of thinking, such as the tendency to ruminate, impacts aggressive driving behavior. Guided by theories illustrating the impact of rumination on negative emotions, the present research explores the role of rumination in the prediction of aggressive driving. Study 1 demonstrated that an angry ruminative response style partially mediated the relationship between trait driving anger and history of aggressive driving behaviors. Study 2 used a manipulation of thinking style and examined more immediate reactions to a provoking driving scenario using guided imagery. When given rumination instructions, trait rumination mediated the effect of angry mood ratings on intended aggressive driving behavior ratings. However, when distraction instructions were provided, trait rumination did not influence aggressive driving behavior intention ratings while driving. Findings are interpreted from the perspective of advancing the understanding of the role of rumination in anger experience and expression, with suggestions for prevention and treatment.
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Objective The most commonly used instrument for measuring anger is the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2; Spielberger, 1999). This study further examines the validity of the STAXI-2 and compares anger scores betwee...
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Objective The most commonly used instrument for measuring anger is the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2; Spielberger, 1999). This study further examines the validity of the STAXI-2 and compares anger scores between several clinical and nonclinical samples. Method Reliability, concurrent, and construct validity were investigated in Dutch undergraduate students (N = 764), a general population sample (N = 1211), and psychiatric outpatients (N = 226). Results The results support the reliability and validity of the STAXI-2. Concurrent validity was strong, with meaningful correlations between the STAXI-2 scales and anger-related constructs in both clinical and nonclinical samples. Importantly, patients showed higher experience and expression of anger than the general population sample. Additionally, forensic outpatients with addiction problems reported higher Anger Expression-Out than general psychiatric outpatients. Conclusion Our conclusion is that the STAXI-2 is a suitable instrument to measure both the experience and the expression of anger in both general and clinical populations.
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Anger management is known to be challenging for adolescents because they often lack experience or coping skills to cope with complex emotions. Intense anger or unassertive anger expression may inflict severe problems on their soci...
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Anger management is known to be challenging for adolescents because they often lack experience or coping skills to cope with complex emotions. Intense anger or unassertive anger expression may inflict severe problems on their social, physical, and mental health. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) based online intervention in improving anger management skills in four junior high school students. This mixed method research with the qualitative and quantitative results. The participants of this study are 12 – 15 years old with a high level of anger. The result showed that all participant level of anger decreased significantly, also their anger expression. Participants' anger management also increased significantly compare to the post-test and follow-up test (1-month interval). The qualitative result showed that all participants expressed that their anger management improved after the session. In conclusion, this online CBT proved to be effective in reducing adolescent anger levels and expression and increasing their anger management ability.
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