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A new species of the Physalaemus signifer group from the Atlantic Rain Forest of the state of Bahia is described and illustrated. It is characterized by a well-developed vocal sac, second finger with the same size or longer than f...
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A new species of the Physalaemus signifer group from the Atlantic Rain Forest of the state of Bahia is described and illustrated. It is characterized by a well-developed vocal sac, second finger with the same size or longer than fourth, finely rugose dorsal skin, and distinct structure of advertisement call, composed of densely aggregated pulses. Information on tadpole external morphology and advertisement call structure are presented.
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Isolated skull and postcranial bones previously assigned to the monotypic batrachosauroidid salamander genus Mynbulakia Nesov, 1981 (Uzbekistan, Byssekty Formation. Turonian) are re-interpreted as a mixture of, two salamander taxa...
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Isolated skull and postcranial bones previously assigned to the monotypic batrachosauroidid salamander genus Mynbulakia Nesov, 1981 (Uzbekistan, Byssekty Formation. Turonian) are re-interpreted as a mixture of, two salamander taxa. The holotype maxilla of Mynbulakia surgayi Nesov, 1981, and dentaries, parietals. and femora previously referred to that species belong to smaller and, presumably. Younger individuals of the cryptobranchid Eoscapherpeton asiaticum Nesov, 1981. Atlantes and trunk vertebrae previously referred to M. surgayi. along with additional vertebrae collected more recently from the Byssekty Formation. belong to Nesovtriton mynbulakensis gen. et sp, nov.. The structure of the atlas, the absence of spinal nerve foramina in the trunk and anterior caudal vertebrae. and the presence of unicipital transverse processes oil the trunk vertebrae suggest that N. mynbulakensis may lie a member of the Cryptobranchoidea. Two salamander taxa (E. asiaticum and N. mynbulakensis) are currently, known from the Bissekty Formation and no salamander families are shared between the Late Cretaceous tetrapod assemblages of Asia and Euramerica.
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A new bufonid toad is described. The species belongs to the genus Melanophryniscus, and may be the largest species in this genus. Its size and external features (pale green in dorsal surface) resemble those of Melanophryniscus cam...
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A new bufonid toad is described. The species belongs to the genus Melanophryniscus, and may be the largest species in this genus. Its size and external features (pale green in dorsal surface) resemble those of Melanophryniscus cambaraensis and Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus, from which it differs by the absence of frontal swelling. At present, the new species is endemic to the southern border of the Brazilian Southern Plateau, in central Rio Grande do Sul state.
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We describe the lotic larva of Hyloscirtus charazani from Charazani and nearby areas, Departamento U Paz, Bolivia (2700 - 3200 m a. s.l.). It is morphologically undistinguishable from tadpoles of H. armatus sensu lato. These tadpo...
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We describe the lotic larva of Hyloscirtus charazani from Charazani and nearby areas, Departamento U Paz, Bolivia (2700 - 3200 m a. s.l.). It is morphologically undistinguishable from tadpoles of H. armatus sensu lato. These tadpoles show stream adaptation through a robust body with strong tail musculature, enlarged oral disc, increased number of labial tooth rows, and complete marginal papillae. Furthermore, they have a large saccular structure that underlies the limb buds, encloses the vent tube, and partially covers the hindlimbs during their development.
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Little is known about the developmental biology of caecilians-tropical, elongate, limbless, mostly fossorial amphibians that are members of the Order Gymnophiona. Ichthyophis kohtaoensis (Family Ichthyophiidae; southeast Asia) is ...
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Little is known about the developmental biology of caecilians-tropical, elongate, limbless, mostly fossorial amphibians that are members of the Order Gymnophiona. Ichthyophis kohtaoensis (Family Ichthyophiidae; southeast Asia) is an oviparous species in which maternal care of the clutch is provided. The clutch is laid in a burrow on land, and the embryos develop in their egg membranes, curved around a large yolk mass. Larvae are aquatic and exhibit characteristic features that are not present in the terrestrial adults. Because accurate descriptions of ontogenies and the establishment of standardized stages of embryonic and larval development are useful for both experimental and comparative embryology, a staging table for I.kohtaoensis was developed based on external morphological features. Development from the end of neurulation to metamorphosis was divided into 20 stages. Principal diagnostic features include development of the lateral line organs, formation of three pairs of external gills, development of the eyes, changes in yolk structure, changes in the structure of the cloacal aperture and growth of the tail, including the formation and regression of the tail fin. This study provides a comparison with descriptions of embryonic stages of I.glutinosus and Hypogeophis rostratus and with a recent staging table for the aquatic, viviparous caecilian Typhlonectes compressicauda, the only other caecilians for which reasonably complete ontogenetic information exists in the literature. Comparisons with established staging tables for selected frogs and salamanders are also presented. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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The present paper provides original data on the chondrocranium, cranial muscles, oral disc and buccopharyngeal morphology of Limnomedusa macroglossa. We found that the cranial muscles and the buccopharyngeal papillation are not us...
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The present paper provides original data on the chondrocranium, cranial muscles, oral disc and buccopharyngeal morphology of Limnomedusa macroglossa. We found that the cranial muscles and the buccopharyngeal papillation are not useful to relate Limnomedusa either to telmatobiine or leptodactyline genera. There are two chondrocranial characters (presence of a long processus pseudopterygoideus and sindesmotic connection of the partes alares and partes corpora of the cartilago suprarostralis) that relate Limnomedusa to the telmatobiine genera more than to any other genus within Leptodactylidae. Additionally, the processus pseudopterygoideus of Limnomedusa is fused to the basi cranii, a character state only known for some telmatobiine genera such as Alsodes and Telmatobius.
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A large isolated rhachitomous vertebra from the Kupferschiefer (Tatarian, Upper Permian) of the Richelsdorf Mountains in north-east Hesse (Germany) is identified as a presacral vertebra of a dissorophid temnospondyl. The dorsal pa...
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A large isolated rhachitomous vertebra from the Kupferschiefer (Tatarian, Upper Permian) of the Richelsdorf Mountains in north-east Hesse (Germany) is identified as a presacral vertebra of a dissorophid temnospondyl. The dorsal part of its neural spine is distinctly expanded and supported an osteoderm in the living animal. A comparison of its proportions with other temnospondyl vertebrae as well as the narrow shaft of the neural spine and the large space for the notochord indicate that this terrmospondyl lived rather amphibious than terrestrial. This specimen is the first evidence of a dissorophid in central Europe and the westernmost known representative of this group in Eurasia in the Upper Permian.
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Using bivariate and multivariate morphometric analyses, effects of paedomorphosis on intrapopulation Ontogenetic changes in size and shape of three European newt species (Triturus vulgaris, T. alpestris and T. carnifex) are studie...
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Using bivariate and multivariate morphometric analyses, effects of paedomorphosis on intrapopulation Ontogenetic changes in size and shape of three European newt species (Triturus vulgaris, T. alpestris and T. carnifex) are studied. Samples of larvae, efts and adults of two conspecific populations of each species were considered, one with generalized life cycle, the other with paedomorphosis (in a T. carnifex population larvae had prolonged growth and metamorphosed during the following year). It was found that existence of an alternative life cycle rendered more complex Ontogenetic picture of allometric relations of individual morphometric features, particularity in T. vulgaris. In this species paedomorphic individuals followed Ontogenetic trajectories of larvae, while metamorphic adults deviated considerably from this trajectories. This was much less significant in T. alpestris, another species with high incidence of paedomorphosis, but also in T. carnifex, a species with less plastic life-cycle than both previous species. As in the American newts (Harris 1989), differences between non-transforming and transforming individuals in the genus Triturus in Ontogenetic paths of size and shape changes presumably developed relatively late in ontogeny.
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A new species, Alsodes igneus, from the temperate Nothofagus forest, western slopes of the Andes Range, southern Chile, is described. This species is characterized by the combination of the following characters: snout short slight...
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A new species, Alsodes igneus, from the temperate Nothofagus forest, western slopes of the Andes Range, southern Chile, is described. This species is characterized by the combination of the following characters: snout short slightly truncated in dorsal view, a black ribbon extending below the canthus rostralis, unbarred legs and arms, heel not reaching the posterior border of the eye when hind leg is bent forward, toes scarcely fringed, webbing absent, dorsal surface granular. Its karyotype has 26 bi-armed chromosomes and it is characterized by presenting the secondary constriction and nucleolus organizer regions in the short arm of pair seven.
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We describe a new species of Anodonthyla from the Ranomafana region in southeastern Madagascar. Anodonthyla moramora, spec. nov. is the smallest Anodonthyla known so far, with adult snout-vent lengths of 15-16.5 mm in males and fe...
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We describe a new species of Anodonthyla from the Ranomafana region in southeastern Madagascar. Anodonthyla moramora, spec. nov. is the smallest Anodonthyla known so far, with adult snout-vent lengths of 15-16.5 mm in males and females. The new species is morphologically closest to A. boulengeri Mueller which occurs syntopically at Ranomafana; however, among other characters A. moramora is distinguished by its smaller size, slower note repetition rate in advertisement calls and a strong genetic differentiation as indicated by a pairwise uncorrected sequence divergence of 11-12% in a fragment of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. For comparative reasons we also provide measurements of the holotypes of Anodonthyla boulengeri, A. nigrigularis Glaw & Vences and A. rouxae Guibe, and designate a lectotype for Anodonthyla montana Angel. The discovery of the new species described herein, and of a second genetically distinct form from Ranomafana, provide further support for a center of diversity and endemism of Anodonthyla in the southeast of Madagascar.
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