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We have used original survey data on French firms to investigate whether there is a difference in the determinants of ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 9000 certification between the manufacturing and service se...
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We have used original survey data on French firms to investigate whether there is a difference in the determinants of ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 9000 certification between the manufacturing and service sectors. Using an empirical approach, our findings reveal for the first time that the determinants of ISO 9000 certification significantly differ between manufacturing and service firms, especially when we examine features of the internal strategy of these firms (quality improvement, cost reduction and innovation). However, we have also obtained evidence that the characteristics of firms (firm size, corporate status and previous experience with similar standards) and features of their external strategy (export and customer satisfaction) play a significant role in the ISO 9000 certification across both manufacturing and service sectors. The results of this study could enable policy-makers to better formulate and effectively apply regulations affecting the business success of firms in both the manufacturing and service sectors.
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Industry 4.0 was proposed by Germany, which will bring a revolution in manufacturing. How does China's manufacturing sector deal with this revolution? The key is to identify problems and provide solutions. Based on the analysis of...
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Industry 4.0 was proposed by Germany, which will bring a revolution in manufacturing. How does China's manufacturing sector deal with this revolution? The key is to identify problems and provide solutions. Based on the analysis of statistical data and the qualitative analysis, the paper carries out an in-depth analysis of current situation of China's manufacturing. Then, main problems in China's manufacturing industry were analyzed. Finally, the paper puts forward concrete countermeasures for China's manufacturing sector. The countermeasures were as follows: pushing technological innovation by strengthening cooperation of official-industry-university-research-customer, developing manufacturing technology criteria in line with international practice, setting up the intelligent key projects and launching pilot project, and constructing network infrastructure. China's manufacturing industry is still not very advanced, so it is necessary to seize the opportunity of industry 4.0. The countermeasures proposed in this paper can be used as suggestions for China's manufacturing sector in the Industry 4.0 era.
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Organisational learning is considered to be one of the essential foundations of competitive advantage in strategic management. This article aims to identify the most vital factors that influence organisational learning and percept...
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Organisational learning is considered to be one of the essential foundations of competitive advantage in strategic management. This article aims to identify the most vital factors that influence organisational learning and perception of employees regarding organisational learning in the industrial sector. The sample has been collected from 400 respondents (200 employees each from the service and manufacturing sectors) for the study, by using the convenience sampling method. For this purpose, analysis was done by using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis through AMOS software and independent sample t-test. After analysis, it is found that the behaviour and cognitive changes factor is the most significant factor that influences organisational learning in the industrial sector among three factors: open mindedness, behaviour and cognitive changes and support for learning. Significant difference was found among employees' perception towards organisational learning regarding open mindedness and behaviour and cognitive changes across type of industry.
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This paper studies the development of energy intensity over time and its relationship with the sectoral economic development. Three variables are analyzed with respect to their impact on energy intensity; total sectoral economic a...
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This paper studies the development of energy intensity over time and its relationship with the sectoral economic development. Three variables are analyzed with respect to their impact on energy intensity; total sectoral economic activity, sectoral gross fixed Capital formation and industrial energy prices. Panel analysis was conducted for ten manufacturing industries using pooled data of 39 countries between 1971 and 1996. This study finds that capital formation has the effect of increasing energy intensity and this effect is Stronger where sectoral output is larger. The innovative value of this study deals with a large number of countries and describes in Detail the manufacturing industries for which empirical evidence is provided. Another focus of this study is on the generation of an Industrial energy intensity database which includes estimates of industrial energy prices for different countries. The database includes Most of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries as well as other countries in Asia and Latin America.
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Few studies test for the effect of credit and convergence on firm growth in the context of a developing economy. The use of bank credit can affect firm growth in two opposite ways. The effect may be positive if credit allows a fir...
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Few studies test for the effect of credit and convergence on firm growth in the context of a developing economy. The use of bank credit can affect firm growth in two opposite ways. The effect may be positive if credit allows a firm to address its liquidity constraint and increase investment and profitability. However, if macroeconomic shocks such as unexpected increases in interest rates make firm debts unsustainable, as experienced in Kenya in the 1990s, indebted firms may shrink or even collapse. Using microeconomic data on the Kenyan manufacturing sector, this study finds that conditional on survival, the firms that use credit grow faster than those not using it. There is also evidence that small firms grow faster than large ones, confirming the convergence hypothesis. These results are robust to alternative estimation procedures controlling for both endogeneity and selection bias.
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This study primarily focuses on the performance on manufacturing sector by taking a disaggregated view of it. It examines all the possible factors that largely determine the productivity of manufacturing sector and hence the growt...
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This study primarily focuses on the performance on manufacturing sector by taking a disaggregated view of it. It examines all the possible factors that largely determine the productivity of manufacturing sector and hence the growth of our economy. In this study special attention has been drawn on organised and unorganised segments of manufacturing sector and employment generation in these two segments. It is believed that though the contribution of Indian manufacturing sector to its GDP has somehow been satisfactory especially after economic reforms but this sector has not been able to keep the pace of employment generation. Employment generation in Indian manufacturing sector has not been as hot as it should have been compared to its GDP contribution. It has been assumed that though there are various possible factors influencing the productivity, efficiency and competitiveness of Indian manufacturing sector. But in this research work only five variables have been taken into consideration considering its data availability. These variables are both qualitative and quantitative in nature.
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Of the total final energy consumption in India, the industrial sector accounts for about 36%, of which the manufacturing sector consumes about 66% (2004-2005 figures) with iron and steel, chemicals and petrochemicals, pulp and pap...
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Of the total final energy consumption in India, the industrial sector accounts for about 36%, of which the manufacturing sector consumes about 66% (2004-2005 figures) with iron and steel, chemicals and petrochemicals, pulp and paper and cement industries being the largest energy users. In the recent past, energy intensity has been decreasing in the manufacturing sector, mainly due to fuel substitution away from coal in some sectors, most notably cement. Industrial output in developing countries like India continues to expand owing to rising populations and catching up on economic growth. This can result in higher energy use-energy provided primarily by the combustion of fossil fuels-and thereby to higher carbon dioxide (CO_2) emissions. Using decomposition analysis, we show that most of the intensity reductions are driven purely by structural effect rather than actual improvement in energy efficiency.
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In this article, we investigate supply chain-related drivers that contribute to organizational flexibility (i.e., the ability of top management to be responsive to a firm's internal and external needs). Organizational flexibility ...
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In this article, we investigate supply chain-related drivers that contribute to organizational flexibility (i.e., the ability of top management to be responsive to a firm's internal and external needs). Organizational flexibility occurs when a firm outsources manufacturing and operates with a more flexible structure. Drawing upon the supply network perspective, this study develops hypotheses relating attributes of the supplier, customer, and focal industries to the use of a flexible organizational strategy. Using an industry-level data set to test the hypotheses, we show that heterogeneity of supply sources and scale economies (in the focal and downstream industries) are positively associated with a greater degree of organizational flexibility, in terms of contract manufacturing in the focal industry. However, industry concentration levels in the focal and downstream industries are negatively associated with organizational flexibility.
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For the last two decades, Lean has been primarily used to improve manufacturing processes. However, Lean is now increasingly applied to a wide range of service operations as well. This realisation of Lean among service firms is an...
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For the last two decades, Lean has been primarily used to improve manufacturing processes. However, Lean is now increasingly applied to a wide range of service operations as well. This realisation of Lean among service firms is an important progress, as there are potentially more benefits to be accomplished in this sector rather than in traditional manufacturing, where decades of good work have already paid off. To look beyond the manufacturing sector, this paper empirically analyses the difference in Lean practices as well as their relationship to firm performance between manufacturing and service sectors in the UK. Though this study supports the proposition concerning the applicability of Lean practices in the service sector, these practices need to be further adapted to suit service operations. Specifically, the empirical results affirm that service firms are interested in the soft practices of Lean such as people and customer involvement while they are found under-performing in manufacturing-related practices such as total productive maintenance, set-up time and supplier feedback. Moreover, the results show a positive relationship between Lean practices and firm performance in both sectors, also the degree of effect on performance was found to be identical between the two sectors.
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