摘要 : This study was conducted to investigate the bacteriological quality of raw milk at various sources of production, such as individual producers and dairy farms, supplying cow and buffalo milk to consumers in the cities. 150 samples... 展开 This study was conducted to investigate the bacteriological quality of raw milk at various sources of production, such as individual producers and dairy farms, supplying cow and buffalo milk to consumers in the cities. 150 samples of cow, buffalo and mixed raw milk from 15 individual producers and 6 dairy farms at different areas around Udaipur were collected during rainy, winter and summer months. The total number of organisms (6.04-7.50 log 10 c.f.u./ml milk) surviving in the raw milk procured from dairy farms were higher during the summer months. The total number of organisms decreased to 5.93-6.71 log 10 c.f.u./ml milk and 5.30-5.53 log 10 c.f.u/ml milk during the rainy and winter months, respectively. A similar trend was observed among milk samples obtained from individual producers. A very high count of thermoduric organisms was observed both in samples from dairy farms and individual producers during the summer period. However, the counts were highest during the rainy season. Very high coliform counts (total and faecal) were observed in samples from dairy farms and individual producers, which were beyond the BIS standards. This indicated that hygienic practices were not given importance in these sources. Moreover, the faecal coliform count was particularly high during the rainy season. About 45 and 20% of milk samples collected from dairy farms and individual producers, respectively, were positive for psychrotrophic organisms during the summer and rainy seasons. The level of psychrotrophic organisms decreased to about 10-15% during the winter months. The results indicated that the bacteriological quality of raw milk collected from various sources was unsatisfactory. The poor quality of milk could be attributed to unhygienic practices, inadequate cleaning and improper storage.. 收起