摘要 : This paper describes the results of the investigations carried out on the extraction of thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) from dilute nitric acid solutions into chloroform with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-pivaloyl-5-pyrazolone (HPMPP) in the pr... 展开 This paper describes the results of the investigations carried out on the extraction of thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) from dilute nitric acid solutions into chloroform with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-pivaloyl-5-pyrazolone (HPMPP) in the presence and absence of various neutral organophosphorus extractants, tributylphosphate (TBP), octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). The results demonstrated that these metal ions were extracted into chloroform as Th(PMPP)(4) and UO2(PMPP)(2) with HPMPP alone and as Th(PMPP)(4)S-. and UO2(PMPP)(2)S-. in the presence of neutral organophosphorus extractants (S). High selectivity (S.F. = 2.8 x 10(5)) has been observed between thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) when extracted with HPMPP alone. The equilibrium constants of the extracted complexes have been deduced by non-linear regression analysis. The equilibrium constants of the synergistically extracted complexes have been correlated with the donor ability of the phosphoryl oxygen of the neutral organophosphorus extractants in terms of their P-31 NMR chemical shifts and basicity values (K-H = nitric acid uptake constant). The addition of a neutral organophosphorus extractant to the metal chelate system significantly enhances the extraction efficiency of these metal ions. Thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) complexes of HPMPP and mixtures of HPMPP and neutral organophosphorus extractants were synthesized and characterized by IR spectral data to further clarify the nature of the extracted complexes. [References: 22] 收起