摘要 : Large-scale patterns of body size variation are described by well-known generalizations such as Bergmann's rule; the generality and underlying causes of these patterns have been much debated. Intraspecific extension of this rule w... 展开 Large-scale patterns of body size variation are described by well-known generalizations such as Bergmann's rule; the generality and underlying causes of these patterns have been much debated. Intraspecific extension of this rule was tested in variousectotherms, and evidence was found for both Bergmann and converse Bergmann clines. In this study, we explored spatial patterns of variation in a widespread amphibian, the Common toad (Bufo bufo), along a 2240 km latitudinal gradient across Europe. We tested for covariation of adult body size, age and growth parameters with latitude, altitude, length of activity period and mean temperature during this period using both original and literature data. 收起