摘要: A literature search was conducted to identify earth-science-related environmental factors affecting construction and transportation in the polar regions. The three polar 'earth materials' - snow, ice, and frozen ground - were cons... 展开 A literature search was conducted to identify earth-science-related environmental factors affecting construction and transportation in the polar regions. The three polar 'earth materials' - snow, ice, and frozen ground - were considered. This document provides an overview of the subject and bring together a source of references for more detailed study. The pertinent physical properties of each material are discussed at the beginning of each section. Problem areas studied were limited to foundations and construction methods, roadway construction, excavation (including drilling and trenching), and utilities and pipelines. A major portion of the study is devoted to frozen ground because of the volume of research in this field and the current upsurge of activity in regions underlain by this material. General problem areas for further research are outlined in the closing. 收起