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A single scan has been performed in Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 15oC/min under non-isothermal conditions to investigate the crystallization kinetics of glassy Se90Sb10-xAgx alloys (where x = 2, 4, ...
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A single scan has been performed in Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 15oC/min under non-isothermal conditions to investigate the crystallization kinetics of glassy Se90Sb10-xAgx alloys (where x = 2, 4, 6, 8). For this purpose, Handerson’s theory based on non-isothermal method for thermal analysis of single-scan DSC data has been used. The activation energy of crystallization and order parameter has been determined and composition dependence of these parameters has been discussed.
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Fenoxycarb was synthesized and its heat capacities were precisely measured with an automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 79 to 360 K. The sample was observed to melt at (326.31±0.14) K. The molar enthalp...
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Fenoxycarb was synthesized and its heat capacities were precisely measured with an automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 79 to 360 K. The sample was observed to melt at (326.31±0.14) K. The molar enthalpy and entropy of fusion as well as the chemical purity of the compound were determined to be (26.98±0.04) kJ·mol-1, (82.69±0.09) J·K-1·mol-1 and 99.53% ±0.01%, respectively. The thermodynamic functions relative to the reference temperature (298.15 K) were calculated based on the heat capacity measurements in the temperature range between 80 and 360 K. The extrapolated melting temperature for the absolutely pure compound obtained from fractional melting experiments was (326.62 ± 0.06) K. Further research on the melting process of this compound was carried out by means of differential scanning calorimetry technique. The result was in agreement with that obtained from the measurements of heat capacities.
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Background:Differential scanning calorimetry as a method of investigating and monitoring the kinetics of herbal medicinal plants.Some instrumental and experimental aspects are discussed.Methods:A brief survey is made of herbal med...
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Background:Differential scanning calorimetry as a method of investigating and monitoring the kinetics of herbal medicinal plants.Some instrumental and experimental aspects are discussed.Methods:A brief survey is made of herbal medicinal plants and results of differential scanning calorimetry studies are reviewed and this discussion is presented the effects of the instrumental conditions like heating rate and the sample conditions like sample particle size,sample mass,sample purity,sample stability in the melting region and property of impurities.Conclusion:This study suggests that application of differential scanning calorimetry to study the interpretation on herbal medicinal drugs.
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The interaction of human serum albumin with divalent nickel ion was studied by equilibrium dialysis, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and circular dichroism (CD) in 30 mmol/L Tris buf...
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The interaction of human serum albumin with divalent nickel ion was studied by equilibrium dialysis, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and circular dichroism (CD) in 30 mmol/L Tris buffer, pH=7.0. There is a set of 8 identical binding sites for nickel binding on the protein at two temperatures of 300 K and 310 K. The cooperativity in the binding is observed at 310 K. The Hill coefficients at 300 K and 310 K are 0.97 and 1.25, respectively. The interaction between nickel ions and HSA is exothermic. A value of -36.5 kJ secondary structure of HSA dose not show any change during the binding nickel ions process. However, the tertiary structure of the protein changes, which shows the existence of two natives like states.
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Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the crystallization and melting of nylon 610. For nylon 610 crystallized from the melt state (260℃), the overall rate of bulk crystallization can be described by a simple Avrami...
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Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the crystallization and melting of nylon 610. For nylon 610 crystallized from the melt state (260℃), the overall rate of bulk crystallization can be described by a simple Avrami equation with Avrami exponent n≈2, independent of crystallization temperature. With the experimentally obtained Tm0 (235℃～255℃) of nylon 610, the fold surface free energy σe was determined to be 35～38 erg/cm2. The effects of annealing temperature and time on the melting of quenched nylon 610 were also investigated. For nylon 610 quenched at room temperature there is only one DSC endotherm peak DSC scans on annealed samples exhibited an endotherm peak at approximately 10℃ above the annealing temperature. The size and position of the endothermic peak is strongly related to annealing temperature and time. An additional third melting was observed when quenched nylon 610 was annealed at high temperature for a sufficiently long residence time. The existence of the third melting peak suggests that more than one kind of distribution of lamella thickness may occur when quenched nylon610 is annealed. The implications of these results in terms of crystal thickening mechanism were discussed.
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The kinetic behavior of isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization of nylon-1010has been studied by means of dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. The isothermal and nonisothermal process can be descri...
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The kinetic behavior of isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization of nylon-1010has been studied by means of dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. The isothermal and nonisothermal process can be described by Avrami equation and Ozawa equation, respectively. From the experimental results the kinetic parameters of crystallization and crystalline mechanism for isothermal and nonisothermal measurements are discussed.
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The differential scanning calorimetric（DSC） and transmission electron microanalysis（TEM） techniques were used to study the kinetic process of precipitation in matrix ofcast SiCp/2024 composites.The results showed that precipit...
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The differential scanning calorimetric（DSC） and transmission electron microanalysis（TEM） techniques were used to study the kinetic process of precipitation in matrix ofcast SiCp/2024 composites.The results showed that precipitation reactions of GPzone and intermediate phase S’（Al2CuMg）in the composites were accelerated comparedwith SiC-free material,the peak temperatures of both reactions were decreased.Thereaction enthalpies of both the GP zone and intermediate phase S’ formation in thematrix were substantially decreased after the addition of SiC.TEM analysis found thatthe alloying element Mg segregated at the SiC/Al interfaces,and was depleted in thematrix near the interface.The precipitation-free zones（PFZ） and precipitation-sparsezones（PSZ） formed near the interfaces,as a results,the volume fraction of precipitatesin matrix was reduced.
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A modified mathematical model based on the melting and recrystallization of an initial distribution of melting temperatures predicts the melting behavior of polymer in differential scanning calorimetry ( DSC ), taking into account...
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A modified mathematical model based on the melting and recrystallization of an initial distribution of melting temperatures predicts the melting behavior of polymer in differential scanning calorimetry ( DSC ), taking into account of changes in heat of fusion with melting temperature of crystal and average heat capacity of sample. It has been used to analytically prove that the crystallinity measured on a DSC diagram could not be equal to the weight percentage of crystalline state in the initial specimen. The deviation of the measured crystallinity, as observed relevant to the melting and recrystallization processes, is caused by the changes of the heat of fusion with the melting temperature of crystals, as well as the difference of heat capacities of liquld and solid state polymer. Furthermore, upper and lower limits of the deviation have been discussed.
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Thermal decomposition of retained austenite in TRIP steel was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The decomposition curve was abnormal, and the decomposition temperature and the activation energy were...
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Thermal decomposition of retained austenite in TRIP steel was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The decomposition curve was abnormal, and the decomposition temperature and the activation energy were measured by the Kissinger method, which were all higher than those in quenched steel. The thermal decomposition data of samples soaked in liquid nitrogen after TRIP treatment were all similar to those without additional low temperature treatment. It indicated that there is a high thermal stability in retained austenite of the TRIP steel at low temperature, which was also proved by XRD analysis.
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Secondary somatic embryos (SSEs) of cocoa, a recalcitrant tropical, seed-producing species, were cryopreserved using a vitrification approach and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was employed to optimise sucrose preculture ...
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Secondary somatic embryos (SSEs) of cocoa, a recalcitrant tropical, seed-producing species, were cryopreserved using a vitrification approach and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was employed to optimise sucrose preculture and Plant Vitrification Solution 2 (PVS2) incubation. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of sucrose preculture and PVS2 dehydration on water content of SSE that will enable it to survive cryostorage. SSEs were precultured for 3 or 5 days on media containing 0.5 M or 0.75 M sucrose and cryoprotected in loading solution (2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose in medium) for 20 min before they were dehydrated with cold PVS2 for 0 - 90 min. Thermal analysis revealed the occurrence of ice crystallization in the SSEs with the extent declining with increasing PVS2 exposure. Maximal survival of SSEs was promoted by preculture on 0.5 M sucrose medium and dehydration with PVS2 for 45 - 60 min, which was characterised by small ice crystallization. Exposure of SSEs beyond 60 min leads to excessive dehydration as characterized by no change in the thermograms. Based on these findings, preculture of SSEs on 0.5 M sucrose medium and dehydration with cold PVS2 for 60 min has been adopted for the successful cryopreservation of cocoa germplasm.
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