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Over the past decade there has been a growing literature on project success criteria, however there has been relatively little empirical data. This paper provides a significant contribution to the knowledge of project success by p...
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Over the past decade there has been a growing literature on project success criteria, however there has been relatively little empirical data. This paper provides a significant contribution to the knowledge of project success by providing empirical data on the subject, by means of a survey of 150 Australian project managers on the subject of project success criteria. An analysis of the data found two distinct views: those that perceived project success solely in terms of the traditional project objectives of time, cost and quality; and those that considered success in terms of these objectives and the effectiveness of the project's product. The traditional project management success criteria of time, cost and quality still has a strong hold within the project management community in Australia. However, the most important success criterion was considered to be the product success criterion of meeting the owner's needs.
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Facebook is the world's most wildly successful media company that neither produces nor owns any content. Airbnb is the world's most wildly successful hotel company that neither buys nor owns property. Uber is the world's most wild...
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Facebook is the world's most wildly successful media company that neither produces nor owns any content. Airbnb is the world's most wildly successful hotel company that neither buys nor owns property. Uber is the world's most wildly successful transportation company that owns no cars. Alibaba is the world's most wildly successful retail company that owns no inventory. Academic publishers must follow suit - or so say the industry gurus, the barons of third-party funding, the rajas of professional societies, and the high priests of power within academic publishing itself. Publishers must become software companies without any books.
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This study investigates the breeding success of two tropical seabirds that exploit dissimilar nesting habitats on Cousine Island in the Seychelles archipelago, the White Tern Gygis alba and the White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lep...
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This study investigates the breeding success of two tropical seabirds that exploit dissimilar nesting habitats on Cousine Island in the Seychelles archipelago, the White Tern Gygis alba and the White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus, which nest in trees and in crevices on the ground, respectively. Both species have a clutch of one egg. Over a 23-month study period, the outcomes of 134 nesting attempts by White Terns and 285 by White-tailed Tropicbirds were followed. White Terns produced an average of 0.4 chicks per attempt, significantly more than that of White-tailed Tropicbirds (0.25). Hatching success did not differ between the two species, but fledging success of White Terns (62%) was significantly higher than that of White-tailed Tropicbirds (43%). Nesting success of White-tailed Tropicbirds may be less successful than White Terns because their ground nests are at risk to purely terrestrial predators, in addition to predators that are both terrestrial and arboreal. Many nests of White-tailed Tropicbirds failed during the first two weeks of the incubation and nestling periods, but the reasons for this are unclear. Food availability may influence the reproductive success of both species.
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摘要 :
This study investigates the breeding success of two tropical seabirds that exploit dissimilar nesting habitats on Cousine Island in the Seychelles archipelago, the White Tern Gygis alba and the White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lep...
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This study investigates the breeding success of two tropical seabirds that exploit dissimilar nesting habitats on Cousine Island in the Seychelles archipelago, the White Tern Gygis alba and the White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus, which nest in trees and in crevices on the ground, respectively. Both species have a clutch of one egg. Over a 23-month study period, the outcomes of 134 nesting attempts by White Terns and 285 by White-tailed Tropicbirds were followed. White Terns produced an average of 0.4 chicks per attempt, significantly more than that of White-tailed Tropicbirds (0.25). Hatching success did not differ between the two species, but fledging success of White Terns (62%) was significantly higher than that of White-tailed Tropicbirds (43%). Nesting success of White-tailed Tropicbirds may be less successful than White Terns because their ground nests are at risk to purely terrestrial predators, in addition to predators that are both terrestrial and arboreal. Many nests of White-tailed Tropicbirds failed during the first two weeks of the incubation and nestling periods, but the reasons for this are unclear. Food availability may influence the reproductive success of both species.
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P>The influence of parasitism on first-year growth and recruitment success of two cyprinid species in the Yorkshire Ouse catchment, England, was investigated using a 14-year dataset. This study demonstrated a significant role of p...
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P>The influence of parasitism on first-year growth and recruitment success of two cyprinid species in the Yorkshire Ouse catchment, England, was investigated using a 14-year dataset. This study demonstrated a significant role of parasitism in growth and recruitment success of roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.), and European chub, Squalius cephalus (L.) populations. Muscle infections by Bucephalus polymorphus Baer (Digenea), Myxobolus pseudodispar Gorbunova (Myxozoa) and Myxobolus pfeifferi Thelohan were considered important, with significant relationships between these parasites and year-class strength and age-0 fish length. Other parasites, such as Phyllodistomum sp. and Goussia sp., were implicated in host success to a lesser extent. Parasitism may be a major factor in recruitment and account for a high proportion of the variation in year-class strength, although this varied among locations.
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This article focuses on hybrid succession teams that comprise both family and nonfamily members, to identify the reasons and criteria for forming these teams, as well as the difficulties they encounter during the succession proces...
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This article focuses on hybrid succession teams that comprise both family and nonfamily members, to identify the reasons and criteria for forming these teams, as well as the difficulties they encounter during the succession process. The empirical results, based on three longitudinal case studies (two failures and one success), reveal the strong and sometimes negative influence of the predecessor on the constitution and functioning of these succession teams. In particular, the predecessor may choose this form of succession and the members of the team, based solely on the complementarity of their skills. The predecessor's natural preference for family members also can be a source of conflict, because it creates information asymmetry between family and nonfamily successors. Consequently, a lack of strong ties among team members and the presence of information asymmetry can increase the risk of succession team dissolution.
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In 1992, DeLone and McLean suggested that the dependent variable for information systems (IS) research is IS Success. Their research resulted in the widely cited DeLone and McLean (D&M) IS Success Model, in which System Quality, Information Quality, Use, User Satisfaction, Individual Impact, and Organizational Impact are distinct, but related dimensions of IS success. Since the original IS Success Model was published, research has developed a better understanding of IS success. Meanwhile, comprehensive and integrative research on the variables that influence IS success has been lacking. Therefore, we examine the literature on the independent variables that affect IS success. After examining over 600 articles, we focused our attention on integrating the findings of over 140 studies. In this research, we identify 43 specific variables posited to influence the different dimensions of IS success, and we organize these success factors into five categories based on the Leavitt Diamond of Organizational Change: task characteristics, user characteristics, social characteristics, project characteristics, and organizational characteristics. Next, we identify 15 success factors that have consistently been found to influence IS success: Enjoyment, Trust, User Expectations, Extrinsic Motivation, IT Infrastructure, Task Compatibility, Task Difficulty, Attitudes Toward Technology, Organizational Role, User Involvement, Relationship with Developers, Domain Expert Knowledge, Management Support, Management Processes, and Organizational Competence. Finally, we highlight gaps in our knowledge of success factors and propose a road map for future research....
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In 1992, DeLone and McLean suggested that the dependent variable for information systems (IS) research is IS Success. Their research resulted in the widely cited DeLone and McLean (D&M) IS Success Model, in which System Quality, Information Quality, Use, User Satisfaction, Individual Impact, and Organizational Impact are distinct, but related dimensions of IS success. Since the original IS Success Model was published, research has developed a better understanding of IS success. Meanwhile, comprehensive and integrative research on the variables that influence IS success has been lacking. Therefore, we examine the literature on the independent variables that affect IS success. After examining over 600 articles, we focused our attention on integrating the findings of over 140 studies. In this research, we identify 43 specific variables posited to influence the different dimensions of IS success, and we organize these success factors into five categories based on the Leavitt Diamond of Organizational Change: task characteristics, user characteristics, social characteristics, project characteristics, and organizational characteristics. Next, we identify 15 success factors that have consistently been found to influence IS success: Enjoyment, Trust, User Expectations, Extrinsic Motivation, IT Infrastructure, Task Compatibility, Task Difficulty, Attitudes Toward Technology, Organizational Role, User Involvement, Relationship with Developers, Domain Expert Knowledge, Management Support, Management Processes, and Organizational Competence. Finally, we highlight gaps in our knowledge of success factors and propose a road map for future research.
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The development of gender diversity in leadership positions is a critical need for many companies as they develop strategies for how they will compete in the future. In this article, we test hypotheses about diverse leadership suc...
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The development of gender diversity in leadership positions is a critical need for many companies as they develop strategies for how they will compete in the future. In this article, we test hypotheses about diverse leadership succession, using survey and archival data. Survey data were collected from executives and managers who responded to questions about their succession planning, successors, and the context of diversity in their work environments. Results indicate that the nomination of women as successors was positively associated with more favorable diversity climates for women. Furthermore, we found that the nomination of female successors was positively associated with the performance of incumbent managers who nominated them as their successors. We also found that the performance of incumbent managers moderated the relationship between diversity climate and the nomination of female successors. Lower-performing incumbents were less likely than higher-performing incumbents to nominate women as successors when the diversity climate was unfavorable. When the diversity climate was favorable, lower performers were more likely and higher performers were equally likely to nominate women as successors. We found no differences in the degree of objectivity in incumbents' descriptions of the strengths of female successors versus their male counterparts or in the degree of subjectivity in their developmental needs.
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Current teaching and learning methods reveal marked differences between how students approach learning and how instructors approach teaching. Little attention has been paid to understanding these differences and their implications...
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Current teaching and learning methods reveal marked differences between how students approach learning and how instructors approach teaching. Little attention has been paid to understanding these differences and their implications for designing successful learning environments. The purpose of the paper is to introduce a framework for understanding and reconciling perspectives on teaching and learning success. First, we examine perspectives on learning success. Next, we compare and contrast beliefs and practices associated with teaching and learning. Finally, we introduce a model for reconciling teaching and learning beliefs and practices, and discuss implications for future research and practice.
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In this study we review literature on leaders' impact on strategic change in the context of CEO succession events. We critically examine the progress made by research within the field focusing on four questions: WHY, WHAT, HOW, an...
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In this study we review literature on leaders' impact on strategic change in the context of CEO succession events. We critically examine the progress made by research within the field focusing on four questions: WHY, WHAT, HOW, and WHEN. WHY addresses the theoretical arguments put forth in the literature to explain the phenomenon of post-succession strategic change. WHAT addresses the contingency factors that have been argued to affect leaders' impact on strategic change in succession contexts. HOW addresses the way, in which strategic change manifests itself within firms. Finally, WHEN addresses the temporal dimension of strategic change. Overall, we find that although research on the leadership succession strategic change (LSSC) relationship is immature with attention being focused on only few theoretical explanations and research questions, it is indeed evolving. We find need for improvements to theory, research questions pursued, and methodology and offer several opportunities to extend the literature along these needs.
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