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An overview of what has been written about the criminal investigation for half a century leads to some major findings. The first is that the police investigation services must manage and filter three very different categories of c...
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An overview of what has been written about the criminal investigation for half a century leads to some major findings. The first is that the police investigation services must manage and filter three very different categories of criminal cases: already resolved cases, insoluble cases and resolvable cases. Investigative services that fail to take these differences into account are necessary inefficient. Secondly, the world of police investigations has changed radically between the second half of the twentieth century and the beginning of our twenty-first century. With the rapid development of computers, electronics, mobile phones, the Internet, video surveillance and computer databases, the traceability of human behavior has exploded. This evolution puts the investigators in front of an unprecedented situation. On the one hand, their chances of solving crimes increase, but on the other hand, it becomes difficult to process and interpret the vast masses of data accumulated during an investigation. Third, there is not one single theory of the investigation. Indeed, the investigators have three different objectives, which leads them to alternate between three different theories of the investigation. They are first looking for the truth, which encourages them to adopt the scientific method. Second, they seek to contribute effectively to public safety, which leads them to think strategically. And finally, as they have to deal with the fact that their approach leads to legal procedures, they must keep in mind justice as a goal. These three theoretical aims are presented and illustrated by telling a prose fable inspired by the story of Cerberus, the three-headed dog of the mythology of ancient Greece.
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The Phaseolae contain in one tribe both the largest number of genera and the most economic importance of any tribe of the family of Fabaceae. Still, this tribe has largely been ignored from the time of Bentham's treatment in Gener...
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The Phaseolae contain in one tribe both the largest number of genera and the most economic importance of any tribe of the family of Fabaceae. Still, this tribe has largely been ignored from the time of Bentham's treatment in Genera Plantarum (18651. The present study aims at securing data on seed surface study by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), biochemical (protein characteristics) and cytological (both chromosomal and in situ DNA methods of different hybrid varieties of some species of the tribe Phaseolae, with a view to working out the similarity and variability and interrelationships of different taxa. The present work is an attempt to combine morphological, biochemical and cytological analyses for an understanding of the inter-relationships at inter-and intrageneric, specific and varietal levels. Such an understanding can help in analyzing the taxonomic implications and in formulating projects for future improvement of these seeds.
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We present the first comparative investigation of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxivity of a series of nanosized cyano-bridged coordination networks stabilized in aqueous solution. These Ln~(3+)/[Fe(CN) _6]~(3-) (Ln = Gd...
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We present the first comparative investigation of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxivity of a series of nanosized cyano-bridged coordination networks stabilized in aqueous solution. These Ln~(3+)/[Fe(CN) _6]~(3-) (Ln = Gd, Tb, Y) and M~(2+)/[Fe(CN) _6]~(3-) (M = Ni, Cu, Fe) nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 1.4 to 5.5 nm are stabilized by polyethylene glycols (MW = 400 or 1000), polyethylene glycol functionalized with amine groups (MW = 1500), or by N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. The evaluation of NMR relaxivity allowed estimation of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) contrast efficiency of our systems. The results demonstrate that Gd~(3+)/[Fe(CN)_6]~(3-) nanoparticles have r_(1p) and r_(2p) relaxivities about four times higher than the values observed in the same conditions for the commercial Contrast Agents (CAs) ProHance or Omniscan, regardless of the stabilizing agent used, while nanoparticles of Prussian blue and its analogues M ~(2+)/[Fe(CN)_6]~(3-) (M = Ni, Cu, Fe) present relatively modest values. The influence of the chemical composition of the nanoparticles, their crystal structure, spin values of lanthanide and transition metal ions, and stabilizing agent on the relaxivity values are investigated and discussed.
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In order to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among endemic Baikal sponges of the family Lubomirskiidae and to clarify their taxonomy, the sequence variation at the silicatein-encoding gene and the mtDNA intergenic region...
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In order to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among endemic Baikal sponges of the family Lubomirskiidae and to clarify their taxonomy, the sequence variation at the silicatein-encoding gene and the mtDNA intergenic region was examined. Phylogenetic analysis of the silicatein α1 gene exonic regions in six freshwater sponge species revealed considerable interspecific variability of this region. The analysis performed did not support the monophyly of the genera Lubomirskia and Baikalospongia. The mtDNA region between the COX2 and ATP6 genes was examined in five species from the Lubomirskiidae family, including multiple samples for analyzing intraspecific variations. According to the data obtained, the genus Baikalospongia was paraphyletic with respect to Lubomirskia, while B. bacilifera and B. recta did not form monophyletic groups. Molecular data indicate that taxonomy of Lubomirskiidae should be revised. It was demonstrated that, in endemic Baikal sponges, the accelerated evolution was accompanied by an increase in the length of the non-coding regions in both mitochondrial and nuclear genes.
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This paper presents a detailed review on cold-formed steel channel sections, which are subjected to both axial and eccentric compressive forces. Different cross-sections with single and built-up configurations are presented in thi...
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This paper presents a detailed review on cold-formed steel channel sections, which are subjected to both axial and eccentric compressive forces. Different cross-sections with single and built-up configurations are presented in this paper. Literature pertaining to experimental, theoretical and numerical investigations are reviewed in detail. The main objective of this literature survey is to study the available literature and to propose the required research work for the development of various other single and compound cold-formed steel sections. Research in cold-formed steel channel sections subjected to compressive forces shows the importance of channel sections and compares with other possible sections.
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Mergers and acquisitions, the convergence of clinical research into clinical practice, more effective site selection and management practices, and efforts to improve investigator competence and credentials are all expected to cont...
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Mergers and acquisitions, the convergence of clinical research into clinical practice, more effective site selection and management practices, and efforts to improve investigator competence and credentials are all expected to contribute to consolidation in the global investigative site landscape during the coming 3 to 5 years. Tufts CSDD conducted an analysis of the FDA's Bioresearch Monitoring Information System (BMIS) to gather baseline data with which to monitor this anticipated structural change. More than half-a-million records were analyzed on clinical investigators who have filed at least 1 form 1572 with the FDA annually between 2008 and 2015. The results show that the global landscape of unique FDA-regulated principal investigators remains highly fragmented, nascent, and unstable. Principal investigators who file the lowest volume of 1572 forms each year make up the highest proportion of the global landscape, and one-third of all principal investigators each year are first-time filers. Each year, 40% of principal investigators drop out of the clinical research enterprise. However, there are signs that the landscape is beginning to scale and mature, particularly among investigators in North America. In addition, the rate of globalization is slowing and shifting, where recent growth in the number of active principal investigators in Europe has outpaced that in North America and in the rest of world. The implications of this study and future areas of research are discussed.
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The vocal behaviour of the Corvidae (crows and ravens) is known to be complex and extremely diverse, although detailed studies of vocalisations within the family have been limited to only a few species. This study describes a pilo...
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The vocal behaviour of the Corvidae (crows and ravens) is known to be complex and extremely diverse, although detailed studies of vocalisations within the family have been limited to only a few species. This study describes a pilot investigation into the potential functions of the vocalisations of Torresian Crows Corvus orru in suburban Brisbane, Queensland, using playback to experimentally assess whether the apparent function of four calls determined during an earlier study were appropriate. These calls had been given the generalised function of contact,mobbing alarm, flee, and juvenile begging. Ten trials (using different recordings of each call type) were broadcast to target groups of wild Crows and the proportion of Crows reacting as predicted was determined. We found that the purported function of three of the calls (contact, flee and begging calls) had been appropriately described, with a clear majority of the audience birds responding as predicted. Playback of the mobbing alarm call, however, resulted in no birds responding as predicted, indicating that the inferred function had been incorrectly attributed. The results gained from this study can be used to investigate further details of the possible function of vocalisations of the many other calls within the Torresian Crow communication system.
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The article describes the history and the present day investigation possibilities of the Department of Metal Investigation of the Metal Forming Institute. The investigation methods included in the accreditation of the Polish Centr...
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The article describes the history and the present day investigation possibilities of the Department of Metal Investigation of the Metal Forming Institute. The investigation methods included in the accreditation of the Polish Centre of accreditation, as well as those not accredited, have been specified. The Institute's investigation projects in which the Department had been involved, have been presented.
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The article describes the history and the present day investigation possibilities of the Department of Metal Investigation of the Metal Forming Institute. The investigation methods included in the accreditation of the Polish Centr...
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The article describes the history and the present day investigation possibilities of the Department of Metal Investigation of the Metal Forming Institute. The investigation methods included in the accreditation of the Polish Centre of accreditation, as well as those not accredited, have been specified. The Institute's investigation projects in which the Department had been involved, have been presented.
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Autoimmune diseases are better diagnosed currently with advances in cellular immunology, molecular biology, and genetics. Clinical diagnosis of systemic and organ specific autoimmune diseases is a challenging task for the Oral phy...
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Autoimmune diseases are better diagnosed currently with advances in cellular immunology, molecular biology, and genetics. Clinical diagnosis of systemic and organ specific autoimmune diseases is a challenging task for the Oral physicians and the development of chairside investigation methods has not only saved the time but also cost factor. To understand patient's immune status, the clinical chair side diagnostic aids along with laboratory testing methods are necessary. Laboratory investigations have great importance in detecting, confirming and analyzing the severity, and predicting the prognosis of the autoimmune disease. This article aims to list out the diagnostic methods to diagnose autoimmune conditions and focuses on various diagnostic methods to effectively evaluate autoimmune disease of orofacial region.
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