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This paper discusses the relation between diplomacy and management in the early 21st century. This is the period of postmodern diplomacy, in which diplomacy is continuing to grasp from other areas of human activity to upgrade its ...
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This paper discusses the relation between diplomacy and management in the early 21st century. This is the period of postmodern diplomacy, in which diplomacy is continuing to grasp from other areas of human activity to upgrade its mission of managing relations between states (and other actors). We look at those aspects of management from which diplomacy can gain expertise, skill and approach. Hence, our interest lays in a possible contribution of management as a whole to diplomacy as we understand it nowadays. For this purpose, we point out the understanding of diplomacy as a diplomatic organisation and a social process. Since a direct consequence of globalisation on diplomacy is the constant rise of dynamics of its activities, scope of topics and number of actors, we stem from the preposition that diplomats cannot pursue their mission without implementing basic management skills.
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The UK’s Royal Society celebrates its 350th anniversary this year. A group of keen natural philosophers, including Christopher Wren
and Robert Boyle, convened its first meeting on 28 November 1660, and thereafter gathered regular...
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The UK’s Royal Society celebrates its 350th anniversary this year. A group of keen natural philosophers, including Christopher Wren
and Robert Boyle, convened its first meeting on 28 November 1660, and thereafter gathered regularly to discuss science and observe experiments, which were curated by Robert Hooke. By 1663, the group ad received the endorsement of King Charles II and become known as The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge.
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The UK’s Royal Society celebrates its 350th anniversary this year. A group of keen natural philosophers, including Christopher Wren and Robert Boyle, convened its first meeting on 28 November 1660, and thereafter gathered regular...
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The UK’s Royal Society celebrates its 350th anniversary this year. A group of keen natural philosophers, including Christopher Wren and Robert Boyle, convened its first meeting on 28 November 1660, and thereafter gathered regularly to discuss science and observe experiments, which were curated by Robert Hooke. By 1663, the group ad received the endorsement of King Charles II and become known as The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge.
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The subject of study . Throughout the historical period of the development of diplomatic law, an institution of immunities and privileges was formed, the content and scope of which were determined by the level of diplomatic relati...
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The subject of study . Throughout the historical period of the development of diplomatic law, an institution of immunities and privileges was formed, the content and scope of which were determined by the level of diplomatic relations between states and the development of public administration. The rules of national law also have a significant impact on the procedure for exercising dip- lomatic immunities and privileges. Many states have adopted legal acts regulating the foun- dations of the diplomatic service. For example, in the United States, after joining the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, the Law on Diplomatic Relations of 1978 was adopted, based on the rules of this Convention. The article examines the history and development of diplomatic immunities and privileges, the formation of the US diplomatic service and the content of current national laws in the US. The purpose of the study is the identification of problems in the practice of implementing diplomatic immunities and substantiate the hypothesis that it is necessary to develop the legislation on diplomatic immunities and the diplomatic service in the United States. The methodology of the study. The methodology of the study includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description, systematization) and special scientific methods (formal legal and comparative legal methods). In addition to this, historical method was also applicable. The main results . Based on the results of the study, were disclosed significant discrepancies between the national legal regulation of the US diplomatic service and the rules of interna- tional law, which leads to massive violations of diplomatic immunities and privileges by the US authorities. Conclusions. Diplomatic immunity is a guarantor of the effective operation of foreign rela- tions bodies on the territory of the host state, however, in practice, there are often cases of their violation by the authorities of the host state and cases of abuse of diplomatic im- munities and privileges by their carriers. The granting of a special legal status, personal in- violability and other privileges and immunities is in no way equated to absolute impunity for employees of foreign relations bodies in case they commit illegal acts.
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In 2017 the European Union (EU) adopted P8_TA-PRO0051, a resolution outlining a series of recommendations for the Commission on Civil Law Rules for Robotics. Despite its ostensibly futuristic premise, the resolution is firmly grou...
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In 2017 the European Union (EU) adopted P8_TA-PRO0051, a resolution outlining a series of recommendations for the Commission on Civil Law Rules for Robotics. Despite its ostensibly futuristic premise, the resolution is firmly grounded in the concerns of the present: mapping the legal and ethical implications of autonomous robots for European lawmakers. Included in the EU resolution is the proposal to investigate creating a legal status for electronic persons so that autonomous robots can be responsible for damages they cause. One inconspicuous site that stands to be transformed by a legislative instrument granting electronic personhood is archival diplomatics: the prospect of electronic persons represents a peculiar challenge to some of its foundational ideas. That is, the definition of persons - the central element of any document - within diplomatics has not yet been discussed in relation to the possibility of electronic persons or personhood. Drawing from legal scholarship on robotics, I will provide an exploratory overview of what a status as persons for autonomous robots and AI systems might entail for an evolving theory of archival diplomatics.
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The selection of new members to occupy positions in the Brazilian federal bureaucratic framework changed progressively during the second half of the 1990s. If the initial orientation was characterized by the quantitative resumptio...
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The selection of new members to occupy positions in the Brazilian federal bureaucratic framework changed progressively during the second half of the 1990s. If the initial orientation was characterized by the quantitative resumption of federal public tenders (1995-2002), post-2003, this trend sought to attract a greater diversity of social sectors in public careers — and the selection of diplomats was not alien to this process. The qualitative analysis of primary sources (documents) and secondary sources (literature review) showed that, along with initiatives already recognized in the literature — increase in the number of vacancies and remuneration, exemption from registration, among others — the very modification of questions formulated in the exams applied between 1995 and 2015 can be understood as a measure toward the alteration of the profile of those entering the diplomatic career. Between 1995 and 2004, the test evaluated and selected the candidates through questions of “general culture,” which privileged a certain “cultural heritage” reputed as a sign of social distinction and associated with an allegedly sophisticated social profile. However, between 2004 and 2015, there seems to have been a standardization of the new questions, which, moving away from the tacit requirements of cultural refinement, gave preference to other candidate profiles.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to define the communicational profile of unattached diplomats and explore the viability of state-centric concepts such as citizen diplomacy when discussing non-state actors emerging from civil ...
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to define the communicational profile of unattached diplomats and explore the viability of state-centric concepts such as citizen diplomacy when discussing non-state actors emerging from civil society.Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a comparative, multiple case design focusing on descriptive case studies (Yin, 2018) that explore the diplomatic endeavours and social biographies of “citizens of the world” acting at a global or local level, not explicitly attached to or explicitly against an official, state agenda: Malala Yousafzai, Greta Thunberg and Bill Gates.Findings The unattached diplomats have organisational mobility but are attached to the cause they promote, a configuration that fundamentally opposes that of the traditional or organisational diplomat. Looking at individuals from a diplomatic perspective, not as instruments or as targets, but rather as agents with their own agenda, issues and diplomatic capital, the unattached diplomats define their lack of attachment through organisational mobility, adversarial positioning or personal financial autonomy with regard to state diplomatic institutions or for-profit/not-for-profit organisations.Research limitations/implications A higher number and diversity of case studies can enable the identification of patterns and standards.Originality/value This study introduces and operationalises the concept of unattached diplomats. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first to discuss it in the context of another emerging concept, currently insufficiently researched: civil society diplomacy.
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BERTHA LUTZ was a Brazilian herpetologist,activist,politician,and diplomat who spent much of her life and career advocating for women's rights in Brazil and around the world.She was born in 1894 in Sao Paulo,Brazil and completed h...
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BERTHA LUTZ was a Brazilian herpetologist,activist,politician,and diplomat who spent much of her life and career advocating for women's rights in Brazil and around the world.She was born in 1894 in Sao Paulo,Brazil and completed her studies in natural sciences at the University of Paris,Sorbonne.Upon completion of her degree in 1918,Bertha returned to Brazil and was hired as Secretary of the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro.She conducted extensive fieldwork in Brazil,often with her father Adolfo Lutz,who was an infectious disease epidemiologist,microbiologist,and zoologist.Her formal contributions to herpetology were not published until after she was forty and yet over the course of her career,Bertha authored over 50 publications on Brazilian herpetofauna (Schulte and Rodder,2016).She described over 60 species of anurans (e.g.,Lutz and Bokermann,1963; Lutz,1966) and made important contributions to our understanding of anuran life history evolution,highlighting that tropical amphibians exhibited exciting and understudied diversity of reproductive modes that differed from those of temperate species (Lutz,1943,1947,1948).In 1973,she published Brazilian Species of Hyla,a 250-page overview of the 130+ species of hylids known to scientists in Brazil at the time that featured photographs taken by her brother,Gualter.Unfortunately,Bertha died before completing the additional volumes she had planned,which were to cover other hylid genera (Adler,2()14).She was also an accomplished botanist,and in 1931 became head of the Department of Natural History and Geology and acting head of the Department of Botany at the Museu Nacional.
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This special issue stresses the importance of material culture in diplomatic studies of science and technology. In our studies, objects are considered powerful tokens of complexity in diplomatic encounters and of asymmetry in inte...
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This special issue stresses the importance of material culture in diplomatic studies of science and technology. In our studies, objects are considered powerful tokens of complexity in diplomatic encounters and of asymmetry in international relations. The contributors are committed to theorizing about the role of objects in diplomatic exchanges during the postwar period and, at the same time, the role of diplomacy in constituting the materiality of nuclear things. Our approach combines attention to the political and diplomatic nuclear history with recognition of the roles played by nuclear artifacts throughout the whole spectrum of diplomatic activities. On the whole, we argue that the material approach should be located at the center of the study of nuclear history and the diplomatic exchanges that made it possible.
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With global value chains interlocking today's economies, what is the impact of diplomatic tensions on international trade? We exploit variation in monthly data on imports, a measure of imported input use in the domestic economy, a...
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With global value chains interlocking today's economies, what is the impact of diplomatic tensions on international trade? We exploit variation in monthly data on imports, a measure of imported input use in the domestic economy, and the incidence of bilateral diplomatic tensions to show that their impact on trade is heterogeneous across countries and industries. Trade in industries that are crucial for domestic production is more sensitive to political tensions. We expose the underlying mechanism in a simple framework before testing it in reduced form.
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