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The concepts of a conditional set, a conditional inclusion relation and a conditional Cartesian product are introduced. The resulting conditional set theory is sufficiently rich in order to construct a conditional topology, a cond...
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The concepts of a conditional set, a conditional inclusion relation and a conditional Cartesian product are introduced. The resulting conditional set theory is sufficiently rich in order to construct a conditional topology, a conditional real and functional analysis indicating the possibility of a mathematical discourse based on conditional sets. It is proved that the conditional power set is a complete Boolean algebra, and a conditional version of the axiom of choice, the ultraffiter lemma, Tychonoff's theorem, the Borel-Lebesgue theorem, the Hahn-Banach theorem, the Banach Alaoglu theorem and the Krein gmulian theorem are shown. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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An alternative central limit theorem for martingale difference arrays is presented. It can be deduced from the literature but it is not stated as such. It can be very useful for statisticians and econometricians. An illustration i...
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An alternative central limit theorem for martingale difference arrays is presented. It can be deduced from the literature but it is not stated as such. It can be very useful for statisticians and econometricians. An illustration is given in the context of ARMA models with time-dependent coefficients. This note ends with a discussion about the conditions.
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Abstract When participants control periodic isometric force cycling between two target forces, they more accurately control force in a joint action than in an individual action. In some other studies, however, individuals tend to ...
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Abstract When participants control periodic isometric force cycling between two target forces, they more accurately control force in a joint action than in an individual action. In some other studies, however, individuals tend to outperform dyads in joint action. The present study thus examined experimental conditions in which dyads outperformed individuals in a task of force produced by two people. This study consisted of two tasks with two target conditions and three force production conditions. The individual task was performed by one participant, and the joint task was performed by two participants. In absolute and relative target conditions, the participants made continuous, discrete, and periodic isometric pressing movements with the index finger. Although no difference was seen in force error between tasks in the continuous condition, the joint task had a smaller error than the individual task in the two other conditions. The joint task had a smaller variable force than the individual task in the periodic conditions, but no difference was seen in force variability between tasks in the two other conditions. Participants mainly controlled force in both tasks in the continuous condition. In the periodic or discrete condition at a prescribed interval, however, participants had to control both force and timing in the individual task, and muscle force must be mainly controlled to compensate for force errors by synchronizing interpersonal force outputs in the joint task. Thus, dyads can reduce the dimensionality of the control problem because they can synchronize their action which provides timing information.
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In this work, we propose a new numerical procedure for the simulation of timedependent problems based on the coupling between the finite element method (FEM) and the lattice Boltzmann method. The procedure exploits the Parareal pa...
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In this work, we propose a new numerical procedure for the simulation of timedependent problems based on the coupling between the finite element method (FEM) and the lattice Boltzmann method. The procedure exploits the Parareal paradigm to efficiently couple the two numerical methods, allowing independent grid size and time-step size. The motivations behind this approach are wide-ranging. In particular, one technique may be more efficient or physically more appropriate or less memory consuming than the other depending on the target of the simulation and/or on the sub-region of the computational domain. Furthermore, the coupling with FEM may circumvent some difficulties inherent to lattice Boltzmann discretization, for some domains with complex boundaries, or for some kind of boundary conditions. The theoretical and numerical framework is presented for the time-dependent heat equation in order to describe and validate numerically the methodology in a simple situation.
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This is a follow-up to a recent article by Prakasa Rao [15] on conditional independence, conditional mixing and conditional association. The purpose of this article is to derive rigorously some results following from conditioning....
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This is a follow-up to a recent article by Prakasa Rao [15] on conditional independence, conditional mixing and conditional association. The purpose of this article is to derive rigorously some results following from conditioning. To this end, a brief review is presented of the concepts of conditional independence of events, classes of events, and random variables, followed by a conditional version of a factorization theorem, as well as a first installment of some basic results. Next, the concepts of conditional covariance and variance are introduced, and a second installment of basic results follows. Furthermore, a certain representation of the covariance is established in detail, followed by a conditional version of it, as well as a generalization. The concept of the conditional characteristic function is also recalled, and a certain inequality is established. Finally, the concept of conditional positive (negative) quadrant dependence, as well as that of conditional positive (negative) association are introduced. The article concludes with the derivation of the conditional versions of some known results, regarding positive (negative) association. This is done anticipating that conditional association (and also conditional mixing) will prove to be of significant applicability.
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Conventional wisdom has it that many intriguing features of indicative conditionals aren’t shared by subjunctive conditionals. Subjunctive morphology is common in discussions of wishes and wants, however, and conditionals are com...
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Conventional wisdom has it that many intriguing features of indicative conditionals aren’t shared by subjunctive conditionals. Subjunctive morphology is common in discussions of wishes and wants, however, and conditionals are commonly used in such discussions as well. As a result such discussions are a good place to look for subjunctive conditionals that exhibit features usually associated with indicatives alone. Here I offer subjunctive versions of J. L. Austin’s ‘biscuit’ conditionals—e.g., “There are biscuits on the sideboard if you want them”—and subjunctive versions of Allan Gibbard’s ‘stand-off’ or ‘Sly Pete’ conditionals, in which speakers with no relevant false beliefs can in the same context felicitously assert conditionals with the same antecedents and contradictory consequents. My cases undercut views according to which the indicative/subjunctive divide marks a great difference in the meaning of conditionals. They also make trouble for treatments of indicative conditionals that cannot readily be generalized to subjunctives.
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During wastewater transportation, chemical and biological transformations may occur. Aerobic, anoxic, conditions exist depending on the presence or absence of dissolved oxygen and oxidized nitrogen compounds. The occurrence of ana...
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During wastewater transportation, chemical and biological transformations may occur. Aerobic, anoxic, conditions exist depending on the presence or absence of dissolved oxygen and oxidized nitrogen compounds. The occurrence of anaerobic conditions has a negative effect on wastewater transportation because of the usual subsequent sulfide generation process. In Tenerife, Spain, reclaimed wastewater used for agricultural purposes is transported via a completely filled gravity pipe, 0.6 m in diameter and 61 km long.
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I argue that taking the Practical Conditionals Thesis (PCT) seriously demands a new understanding of the semantics of such conditionals. Practical Conditionals Thesis: ...
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I argue that taking the Practical Conditionals Thesis (PCT) seriously demands a new understanding of the semantics of such conditionals. Practical Conditionals Thesis: A practical conditional [if A][ought(B)] expresses B’s conditional preferability given A
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We determine the conditions for the existence of C~p-roots of curves of monic complex polynomials as well as for the existence of C~p-eigenvalues and C~p-eigenvectors of curves of normal complex matrices.
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We investigate the conjectured sufficiency of a condition for h-vectors (1, h_1, h_2, .. h_d, 0) of regular d-dimensional triangulations. (The condition is already shown to be necessary in [2]). We first prove that the condition i...
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We investigate the conjectured sufficiency of a condition for h-vectors (1, h_1, h_2, .. h_d, 0) of regular d-dimensional triangulations. (The condition is already shown to be necessary in [2]). We first prove that the condition is sufficient when h_1 ≥ h_2 ≥ ...≥ h_d. We then derive some new shellings of squeezed spheres and use them to prove that the condition is sufficient when d = 3. Finally, in the case d = 4, we construct shellable 4-balls with the desired h-vectors, showing them to be realizable as regular triangulations when h_4 = 0 or h_4 = h_1.
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