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In 1999, the Performance Improvement Committee of the Diagnostic Imaging Services of Texas Children's Hospital identified the need for smoother integration of the picture archiving and communications system (PACS) technology into ...
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In 1999, the Performance Improvement Committee of the Diagnostic Imaging Services of Texas Children's Hospital identified the need for smoother integration of the picture archiving and communications system (PACS) technology into the workflow of the rest of the department. An effort was then launched to document prevalent issues, as well as to define the processes needed to implement a department-wide program to acquaint the staff with this new technology. The department's application trainer, with the guidance of the Performance Improvement Committee, spearheaded the design and implementation of the PACS training program and has continued to develop it during the past 2 years. This article describes the format and components of the PACS training modules now in use, and details some of the positive effects of this effort.
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The proteasome is a large protein complex responsible for proteolysis in cells. Though the proteasome is widely conserved in all eukaryotes, vertebrates additionally possess tissue-specific proteasomes, termed immunoproteasomes an...
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The proteasome is a large protein complex responsible for proteolysis in cells. Though the proteasome is widely conserved in all eukaryotes, vertebrates additionally possess tissue-specific proteasomes, termed immunoproteasomes and thymoproteasomes. These specialized proteasomes diverge from constitutive proteasomes in the makeup of their catalytic 20S core particle (CP), whereby the constitutive β1, β2, and β5 catalytic subunits are replaced by β1i, β2i, and β5i in immunoproteasomes, or β1i, β2i, and β5t in thymoproteasomes. However, as constitutive β1, β2, and β5 are also present in tissues and cells expressing immuno- and thymoproteasomes, the specialized proteasomes must be able to selectively incorporate their specific subunits. Here, we review the mechanisms governing the assembly of constitutive and specialized proteasomes elucidated thus far. Studies have revealed that β1i and β2i are added onto the α-ring of the CP prior to the other β subunits. Furthermore, β5i and β5t can be incorporated independent of β4, whereas constitutive β5 incorporation is dependent on β4. These mechanisms allow the immuno- and thymoproteasomes to integrate tissue-specific β-subunits without contamination from constitutive β1, β2, and β5. We end the review with a brief discussion on the diseases caused by mutations to the immunoproteasome and the proteins involved with its assembly.
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We present a Monte Carlo study of the effects of elastic anisotropy on the textures of nematic droplets with different boundary conditions. Simulated polarized optical microscopy (POM) images are analysed for uniaxial nematics wit...
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We present a Monte Carlo study of the effects of elastic anisotropy on the textures of nematic droplets with different boundary conditions. Simulated polarized optical microscopy (POM) images are analysed for uniaxial nematics with radial, bipolar and toroidal boundaries and for numerous combinations of the splay, twist and bend elastic constant values. An atlas of simulated textures is presented as an aid to understanding new experimental results. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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This contribution focuses on picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) in the Italian National Healthcare System (NHS). It finally aims to test the Chiefs Radiology Department’s perceptions about PACS along the main eval...
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This contribution focuses on picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) in the Italian National Healthcare System (NHS). It finally aims to test the Chiefs Radiology Department’s perceptions about PACS along the main evaluation dimensions emerging from the literature. First, a brief review of the main literature concerning PACS evaluation leads the authors to classify the different approaches undertaken and highlight the main variables of investigation. Second, the evidence emerging from a survey is presented and discussed in the light of the literature review. The survey aims to: (a) map out the degree of PACSs diffusion and their main features in the Italian NHS; (b) verify whether and how PACS impact the dimensions analyzed in many evaluation studies carried out to date; (c) test the relationship between some measured impacts and specific PACS features.
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Although the implementation of picture archiving and communication system (PACS) could increase productivity of radiology departments, this depends on factors such as the PACS competence of radiologic technologists (RTs). The purp...
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Although the implementation of picture archiving and communication system (PACS) could increase productivity of radiology departments, this depends on factors such as the PACS competence of radiologic technologists (RTs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the RTs' perceptions of PACS competence and educational issues in Western Australia (WA). A hardcopy questionnaire was distributed to WA RTs for obtaining their perceptions of PACS competence and educational issues. Descriptive (percentage of frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t test and analysis of variance) were used to analyze the responses of the multiple choice and five-point scale questions from the returned questionnaires. The questionnaire response rate was 57.7 % (173 out of 300). The mean values of all PACS competence questions except questions 2e-g are in the range of 3.9-4.9, i.e., around competent to very competent. Participants indicated they received adequate PACS training (mean 3.8). Statistically significant variables influencing RTs' perceptions of their PACS competence and educational issues including the age (p < 0.01), gender (p < 0.05), years of practice (p < 0.005-0.05), primary duty (p < 0.05), medical imaging qualification (p < 0.001), general computer skills (p < 0.001), and type of PACS education received (p < 0.001-0.05). The WA RTs indicated that they were competent in using the modality workstation, PACS and radiology information system, and received adequate training. However, future PACS education programs should be tailored to different RTs' groups. For example, multiple training modules might be necessary to support the PACS competence development of older RTs and those with lower general computer literacy.
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Aperturbed angular correlation (PAC) experiment thatmeasures dynamic damping also needs information about the fundamental quadrupole frequency to relate the damping as a function of temperature to the EFG fluctuation rate. When th...
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Aperturbed angular correlation (PAC) experiment thatmeasures dynamic damping also needs information about the fundamental quadrupole frequency to relate the damping as a function of temperature to the EFG fluctuation rate. When the experiment is unable to access slow electric field gradient (EFG) fluctuations that show the fundamental quadrupole frequency directly, one needs additional information to determine the hyperfine field parameters and thereby the connection between observed damping and EFG fluctuation rates. One way to solve this problem is to estimate the hyperfine parameters from the fluctuation rate for maximum damping (i.e. at the relaxation peak) or from the rate of maximum damping. This work relates both the maximum damping rate and the fluctuation rate at the relaxation peak to EFG magnitudes (or quadrupole frequencies) for five dynamic N-state symmetric models of fluctuating EFGs.
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We report a male adult with early infantile-onset epilepsy, facial dysmorphism, and iridal and choroidal coloboma who had a de novo heterozygous mutation in PACS2, that is, c.625G > A p.(Glu209Lys). This specific mutation was prev...
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We report a male adult with early infantile-onset epilepsy, facial dysmorphism, and iridal and choroidal coloboma who had a de novo heterozygous mutation in PACS2, that is, c.625G > A p.(Glu209Lys). This specific mutation was previously reported in a patient with PACS2-related disorder (early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 66). De novo heterozygous mutations in WDR37 have been shown to cause a novel human disorder, neurooculocardiogenitourinary syndrome (NOCGUS syndrome) (OMIM #618652), characterized by intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, and coloboma. According to large-scale interactome data, WDR37 interacts most strongly, by far, with PACS1 and PACS2. Clinically, coloboma has been described as a feature in a WDR37-related disorder and a PACS1-related disorder (Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome), but not in a PACS2-related disorder. Our review of the phenotypes of three human disorders caused by WDR37, PACS1, and PACS2 mutations showed a significant overlap of epilepsy, intellectual disability, cerebellar atrophy, and facial features. The present observation of coloboma as a shared feature among these three disorders suggests that this group of genes may be involved in ocular development. We propose that dysregulation of the WDR37-PACS1-PACS2 axis results in a spectrum that is recognizable by intellectual disability, distinctive facial features, and coloboma.
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Picture Archive and Communication System (PACS) is a globally adopted concept and plays a fundamental role in patient care flow within healthcare institutions. However, the deployment of medical imaging repositories over multiple ...
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Picture Archive and Communication System (PACS) is a globally adopted concept and plays a fundamental role in patient care flow within healthcare institutions. However, the deployment of medical imaging repositories over multiple sites still brings several practical challenges namely related to operation and management (O&M). This paper describes a Web-based centralized console that provides remote monitoring, testing, and management over multiple geo-distributed PACS. The system allows the PACS administrator to define any kind of service or operation, reducing the need for local technicians and providing a 24/7 monitoring solution.
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The purpose of this study is to verify objectively the rate of slice omission during paging on picture archiving and communication system (PACS) viewers by recording the images shown on the computer displays of these viewers with ...
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The purpose of this study is to verify objectively the rate of slice omission during paging on picture archiving and communication system (PACS) viewers by recording the images shown on the computer displays of these viewers with a high-speed movie camera. This study was approved by the institutional review board. A sequential number from 1 to 250 was superimposed on each slice of a series of clinical Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) data. The slices were displayed using several DICOM viewers, including in-house developed freeware and clinical PACS viewers. The freeware viewer and one of the clinical PACS viewers included functions to prevent slice dropping. The series was displayed in stack mode and paged in both automatic and manual paging modes. The display was recorded with a high-speed movie camera and played back at a slow speed to check whether slices were dropped. The paging speeds were also measured. With a paging speed faster than half the refresh rate of the display, some viewers dropped up to 52.4 % of the slices, while other well-designed viewers did not, if used with the correct settings. Slice dropping during paging was objectively confirmed using a high-speed movie camera. To prevent slice dropping, the viewer must be specially designed for the purpose and must be used with the correct settings, or the paging speed must be slower than half of the display refresh rate.
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