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We present a rare case of multiple granulocytic sarcoma in a young African woman in blast phase of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the sarcoma, peripheral blood film and bone marrow aspirati...
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We present a rare case of multiple granulocytic sarcoma in a young African woman in blast phase of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the sarcoma, peripheral blood film and bone marrow aspiration cytology were consistent with chronic myeloid leukaemia in blast phase.ObjectiveTo present a rare case of multiple granulocytic sarcoma as extramedullary manifestation of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm in the context of creating awareness about this rare unusual presentation.
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Myeloid sarcoma is an uncommon extramedullary tumor of immature myeloid cells or myeloblasts. It may occur alone or concurrently with an underlying hematological malignancy. Although it can develop anywhere in the body, common sit...
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Myeloid sarcoma is an uncommon extramedullary tumor of immature myeloid cells or myeloblasts. It may occur alone or concurrently with an underlying hematological malignancy. Although it can develop anywhere in the body, common sites include bones, particularly the skull and vertebra, soft tissues, and lymph nodes. However, there have been few reports of myeloid sarcoma occurring in the respiratory system, especially the large airways. We describe a case of endobronchial relapse of acute myeloid leukemia in a patient who achieved complete remission after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. To our knowledge, this is the first such report in Korea.
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A 26-year-old man diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in 2011 and treated initially with nilotinib as first line therapy for 5 years, presented to a hospital in 2016, with a 2-month history of fatigue and headaches accom...
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A 26-year-old man diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in 2011 and treated initially with nilotinib as first line therapy for 5 years, presented to a hospital in 2016, with a 2-month history of fatigue and headaches accompanied by tender cervical lymphadenopathy. He was hospitalized for one week and discharged with a prescription of antibiotics and pain medication. He returned to work, but symptoms persisted and worsened. His oncologist performed a bone marrow bi- opsy, which showed accelerated phase of CML resulting in hospitaliza- tion and treatment with imatinib. He was discharged one week later. Over the course of the following 2 months, the patient’s symptoms progressed to include dizziness, emesis, blurry vision, left exophthalmos and sixth nerve palsy. The patient’s family took him to a tertiary care cancer center for evaluation and treatment.
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Intracranial myeloid sarcoma is a very rare disease with poor prognosis. We report a case of a 28-year-old male patient who was admitted with intense headache, vision disturbance and severe vomiting in June 2017. He had a history ...
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Intracranial myeloid sarcoma is a very rare disease with poor prognosis. We report a case of a 28-year-old male patient who was admitted with intense headache, vision disturbance and severe vomiting in June 2017. He had a history of neurosurgical tumor resection operation in April 2017, and the pathological diagnosis was intracranial myeloid sarcoma. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy had been conducted in May 2017, which demonstrated 5.5% blasts expressing CD13, CD33, CD34, CD117 and MPO, and the cytogenetic analysis demonstrated t(8;21)(q22;q22), and molecular studies showed a positive RUNX1-RUNX1T1 rearrangement. The diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t (8; 21) (q22; q22)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 was made, however, the patient refused to receive any systemic chemotherapy. Emergency cranial CT demonstrated a circular hyperdense mass (54mm×37mm), which was surrounded by hypodense peritumoral edema in the left cerebellar hemisphere, and the density of the lesions was uniform and the margin was clear. Idarubicin (12mg/m<sup>2</sup>·d×3 days) combined with high-dose cytarabine (2g/m<sup>2</sup> q12h×3 days) was initiated for emergency chemotherapy. All of the above symptoms disappeared at the end of chemotherapy. On the first day after chemotherapy, the cranial CT indicated that the cranial lesion was markedly reduced (20mm×15mm), and on the sixth day after chemotherapy, the lesion was completely disappeared. Currently, there are no clear guidelines for the treatment of intracranial myeloid sarcoma, and our treatment approaches could provide a reference for this disease with such emergency situation.
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tomatic microcytic anemia. There was no visible bloodloss, but the patient had noticed significant weight lossand increasing asthenia in the preceding 2 months. Hehad a past medical history of compensated alcoholic livercirrhosis ...
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tomatic microcytic anemia. There was no visible bloodloss, but the patient had noticed significant weight lossand increasing asthenia in the preceding 2 months. Hehad a past medical history of compensated alcoholic livercirrhosis with portal hypertension. His family history wasunremarkable. Admission laboratory examination revealedanemia (hemoglobin 7.2 g/dL), mild thrombocytopenia(chronic, secondary to hypersplenism), normalwhite blood cell count, and iron deficiency. Esophagogastroduodenoscopyrevealed an extensive, ulcerated neoplasmwith a central yellow hue occupying the entire posteriorwall of the gastric antrum without any signs of activeor recent bleeding (Fig.? 1). Endoscopic biopsiesrevealed an undifferentiated proliferation of malignantblast cells arranged in cohesive nests and single files,which disrupted the underlying gastric tissue architecture(Fig.?2). Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD43,CD117, and vimentin but negative for cytokeratins (AE1/AE3 and MNF116), chromogranin A, NSE, S100, HMB45,Melan A, CD29, CD79a, CD3, CD5, BCL6, CD30, CD10,TdT, CD34, CD56, and myeloperoxidase (Fig.?3). Morethan 70% of the cells were Ki-67 positive. These histologicaland immunostaining findings indicated gastricmyeloid sarcoma. Computed tomography did not revealany lesions in other organs. The peripheral blood smearand a bone marrow biopsy excluded leukemia. BCR–ABL1 fusion gene transcripts were not detected. Based onthese findings, a diagnosis of isolated gastric myeloid sarcomawas established, and chemotherapy was initiated.However, despite best care, the patient developed tumorlysis syndrome early in the treatment, resulting in multiorganfailure, and he died after a few days.
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key to the pathogenesis of human malignancies and increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Haematological malignancies, being the earliest human malignancies linked to aberran...
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key to the pathogenesis of human malignancies and increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Haematological malignancies, being the earliest human malignancies linked to aberrant miRNA expression, have consistently underpinned our understanding of the role that miRNAs play in cancer development. Here, we review the expanding roles attributed to miRNAs in the pathogenesis of different types of myeloid malignancies and highlight key findings.
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Myeloid sarcoma (MS), a tumor consisting of myeloid blasts with or without maturation, occurs at anatomical sites other than the bone marrow. MS of the gastrointestinal tract presenting with jaundice in children is rare. We report...
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Myeloid sarcoma (MS), a tumor consisting of myeloid blasts with or without maturation, occurs at anatomical sites other than the bone marrow. MS of the gastrointestinal tract presenting with jaundice in children is rare. We report the case of a 4-year-old boy with a 6-week history of symptoms of obstructive jaundice due to a peripancreatic mass compressing the common bile duct. Six weeks later, blasts were found in a peripheral smear prior to surgical biopsy; bone marrow evaluation and flow cytometry results led to a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with MS. No further invasive testing or temporary drainage was performed. He was started on induction therapy with full therapeutic doses of cytarabine, dose reductions of etoposide, and escalating doses of daunorubicin. His liver enzymes normalized, and he completed subsequent cycles of chemotherapy with full doses. The abdominal ultrasound showed resolution of the mass after the second cycle of chemotherapy. He is currently in remission three years after completing therapy. AML-directed chemotherapy in patients with obstructive jaundice secondary to MS may be beneficial without requiring invasive testing or temporary drainage procedures. Daily follow-up is crucial for chemotherapy dose modifications. Management plans should be individualized according to the patient’s clinical condition.
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BACKGROUND:Myeloid sarcoma (MS), also known as chloroma, is an extramedullary manifestation of malignant primitive myeloid cells. Previously, only small studies investigated clinical and imaging features of MS. The purpose of this...
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BACKGROUND:Myeloid sarcoma (MS), also known as chloroma, is an extramedullary manifestation of malignant primitive myeloid cells. Previously, only small studies investigated clinical and imaging features of MS. The purpose of this study was to elucidate clinical and imaging features of MS based upon a multicenter patient sample.METHODS:Patient records of radiological databases of 4 German university hospitals were retrospectively screened for MS in the time period 01/2001 and 06/2019. Overall, 151 cases/76 females (50.3%) with a mean age of 55.5?±?15.1?years and 183 histopathological confirmation or clinically suspicious lesions of MS were included into this study. The underlying hematological disease, localizations, and clinical symptoms as well as imaging features on CT and MRI were investigated.RESULTS:In 15 patients (9.9% of all 151 cases) the manifestation of MS preceded the systemic hematological disease. In 43 cases (28.4%), first presentation of MS occurred simultaneously with the initial diagnosis of leukemia, and 92 (60.9%) patients presented MS after the initial diagnosis. In 37 patients (24.5%), the diagnosis was made incidentally by imaging. Clinically, cutaneous lesions were detected in 35 of 151 cases (23.2%). Other leading symptoms were pain (n?=?28/151, 18.5%), neurological deficit (n?=?27/151, 17.9%), swelling (n?=?14/151, 9.3%) and dysfunction of the affected organ (n?=?10/151, 6.0%). Most commonly, skin was affected (n?=?30/151, 16.6%), followed by bone (n?=?29/151, 16.0%) and lymphatic tissue (n?=?21/151, 11.4%). Other localizations were rare. On CT, most lesions were homogenous. On T2-weighted imaging, most of the lesions were hyperintense. On T1-weighted images, MS was hypointense in n?=?22/54 (40.7%) and isointense in n?=?30/54 (55.6%). A diffusion restriction was identified in most cases with a mean ADC value of 0.76?±?0.19?×?10-?3?mm2/s.CONCLUSIONS:The present study shows clinical and imaging features of MS based upon a large patient sample in a multicenter design. MS occurs in most cases meta-chronous to the hematological disease and most commonly affects the cutis. One fourth of cases were identified incidentally on imaging, which needs awareness of the radiologists for possible diagnosis of MS.
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BackgroundMyeloid sarcoma (MS), also known as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma, is a solid tumor of extramedullary localization composed of malignant primitive myeloid cells. The purpose of the study was to identify clinical and i...
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BackgroundMyeloid sarcoma (MS), also known as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma, is a solid tumor of extramedullary localization composed of malignant primitive myeloid cells. The purpose of the study was to identify clinical and imaging features in a large patient sample.
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Background: Monoclonal plasma cell neoplasms are rare; laryngeal solitary plasmacytoma is very rare. Case presentation: This is the case of a 46-year-old man who has been treated for chronic laryngitis for 8 months; he presented f...
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Background: Monoclonal plasma cell neoplasms are rare; laryngeal solitary plasmacytoma is very rare. Case presentation: This is the case of a 46-year-old man who has been treated for chronic laryngitis for 8 months; he presented frst with dysphonia, dyspnea, and dysphagia. The initial tests showed normal erythrocyte counts, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates, elevated CRP, and a thrombocytopenia at 40.000. The rest of the test panel was without incidence. Whole body MRI was performed which showed no additional lesion besides the laryngeal location. Bone marrow biopsy was normal. The patient underwent pan-endoscopy under general anesthesia. The biopsy result showed plasmacytoma. The patient had radiotherapy, after which the patient needed tracheotomy with a good outcome. This work presents a very rare case of laryngeal solitary plasmacytoma, with a literature review of diferential diagnosis, as well as current trends in diagnosis, and therapy. Conclusion: The essential take-home message is that however, this is a rare entity, it should be considered and treated as a malignant disease that could progress to diseases with worse diagnoses. Timely diagnosis and treatment can allow good outcomes and prevention of progression.
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