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Industrial dyes contained a wide range of organic compounds that could affect the environment and high dimensional challenges to humans. In recent years, the environmentally safe and inexpensive quaternary copper-based chalcogenid...
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Industrial dyes contained a wide range of organic compounds that could affect the environment and high dimensional challenges to humans. In recent years, the environmentally safe and inexpensive quaternary copper-based chalcogenide Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) has emerged as a material for photovoltaics and photocatalysis. CZTS nanoparticles were prepared in this investigation using the hydrothermal route at 210 celcius for 24 h without the addition of a surfactant or capping agents. Rhodamine B (RhB), a carcinogenic dye, was degraded using the synthesized material through a photocatalytic process. The structural, morphological, optical, and photocatalytic characteristics of CZTS nanoparticles were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and UV-vis spectroscopy. The average particle size of CZTS is found to be 31 nm with crystalline nature have been characterized by XRD. The results demonstrate that the synthesized sample has mixed morphological structures such as clew-like and flower-like structures and a bandgap of 1.50 eV. CZTS nanoparticles were used as photocatalysts under direct sunlight for Rhodamine B degradation, with the fastest degradation efficiency of 72% at 50 minutes. The results show that surfactant-free hydrothermally synthesized CZTS nanoparticles are a very promising material for the degradation of RhB dye due to the rapid degradation rate and high degradation efficiency.
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Dandelion-like and flower-like cupric oxide (CuO) nanostructures were prepared at low temperature using self-assembled synthesis through hydrothermal and solvothermal reactions. The only difference of these two methods is that wat...
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Dandelion-like and flower-like cupric oxide (CuO) nanostructures were prepared at low temperature using self-assembled synthesis through hydrothermal and solvothermal reactions. The only difference of these two methods is that water or ethanol was applied in the respective reaction as reaction solvent. To our best knowledge it is the first time these complex CuO nanostructures could be synthesized using an almost identical synthetic route with simply changing the reaction solvent. Compared with the other synthesis methods that have been reported in the literatures, this self-assembled synthesis provided easier route to form diverse complex CuO nanostructures. The obtained CuO nanostructures were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectra, X-ray Diffraction, and Raman spectra. Possible formation mechanisms of these CuO nanoscale structures are also discussed.
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Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is an important electric power equipment in a substation, and its running state has a significant relationship with stability, security, and reliability of the whole electric power system. Detecting ...
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Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is an important electric power equipment in a substation, and its running state has a significant relationship with stability, security, and reliability of the whole electric power system. Detecting and analyzing the decomposition byproducts of sulfur hexafluoride gas (SF is an effective method for GIS state assessment and fault diagnosis. This paper proposes a novel gas sensor based on flower-like ZnO nanorods to detect typical SFdecompositions. Flower-like ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The gas sensor was fabricated with a planar-type structure and applied to detect SFdecomposition products. It shows excellent sensing properties to SO SOF and SOwith rapid response and recovery time and long-term stability and repeatability. Moreover, the sensor shows a remarkable discrimination among SO SOF and SOwith high linearity, which makes the prepared sensor a good candidate and a wide application prospect detecting SFdecomposition products in the future.
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A controllable flower-like Au nanostructure array for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was fabricated using the combined technique of the top-down approach of conventional photolithography and the bottom-up approach of ele...
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A controllable flower-like Au nanostructure array for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was fabricated using the combined technique of the top-down approach of conventional photolithography and the bottom-up approach of electrodeposition. Au nanostructures with a mean roughness ranging from 5.1 to 49.6 nm were obtained by adjusting e1ectrodeposition time from 2 to 60 min. The rougher Au nanostructure provides higher SERS enhancement, while the highest SERS intensity obtained with the Au nanostructure is 29 times stronger than the lowest intensity. The SERS spectra of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB), benzenethiol (BT), adenine and DNA were observed from the Au nanostructure.
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The hierarchical flower-like NiMoO4 was prepared by a simple chemical precipitation in the presence of hexamethylene tetraamine, and used for electrode materials of supercapacitors. The prepared NiMoO4 shows very good electrochemi...
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The hierarchical flower-like NiMoO4 was prepared by a simple chemical precipitation in the presence of hexamethylene tetraamine, and used for electrode materials of supercapacitors. The prepared NiMoO4 shows very good electrochemical properties, such as a high specific capacity of 145.8 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g and good capacity retention. The superior properties of NiMoO4 stem from the unique hierarchical flower-like structure, which can generate more interfacial contacting between electrolyte ions and active material.
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Flower-like ZnO and hexagonally ring-like ZnO nanomaterials were fabricated via a triethylamine assisted solvent process free from any other auxiliary chemicals. Like magic, this process could be implemented just in one minute wit...
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Flower-like ZnO and hexagonally ring-like ZnO nanomaterials were fabricated via a triethylamine assisted solvent process free from any other auxiliary chemicals. Like magic, this process could be implemented just in one minute without any laboratory apparatus. More importantly, the flower-like ZnO was transformed into hexagonally ring-like ZnO as the content of additional water was changed from 10% to 0%. The fast nucleation and morphological evolution of ZnO superstructures could be mainly attributed to surface-self-assembly and base-erosion process. The designed fabrication procedure is simple, feasible, and universal for ZnO with controlled microstructure and improved performances.
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The special flower-like and sheet-like ZnO structures were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectr...
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The special flower-like and sheet-like ZnO structures were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The photocatalytic activity of different morphologies of ZnO structures was evaluated by degradating of methyl orange (MO). The photocatalytic degradation process was monitored in terms of decolorization and total organic carbon (TOC) removals. The results indicated that the flower-like ZnO structures were consisted of numerous flower-like aggregates with the size of 2 μm. The sheet-like ZnO nanostructures were obtained by increasing the reaction time. They exhibited higher photodegradation efficiencies under UV light irradiation than flower-like ZnO structures due to the blue shift of the band gap. The photodegradation could be described as the pseudo-first-order kinetics with apparent rate constants ranging from 1.17× 10~(-2) to 3.42 × 10~(-2) min~(-1), which were based on the morphology of the structures. The photodegradation was faster than the mineralization, indicating that the accumulation of by-products were resistant to photocatalytic degradation.
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Flower-like SrCO_3 nanostructures, consisting of SrCO_3 nanorods with about several hundred micrometres in length and several hundred nanometers in width, have been synthesized by a convenient hydrothermal process. X-ray diffracti...
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Flower-like SrCO_3 nanostructures, consisting of SrCO_3 nanorods with about several hundred micrometres in length and several hundred nanometers in width, have been synthesized by a convenient hydrothermal process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals that the flower-like SrCO_3 nanostructures are of orthorhombic phase. Furthermore, selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) illustrate that the SrCO_3 nanorods are single crystalline in nature. Finally, the formation mechanism of the SrCO_3 nanostructures has been preliminary presented.
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The proper timing of flowering is essential for the adaptation of plant species to their ever-changing environments. The central position in a complex regulatory network is occupied by the protein FT, which acts as a florigen. We ...
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The proper timing of flowering is essential for the adaptation of plant species to their ever-changing environments. The central position in a complex regulatory network is occupied by the protein FT, which acts as a florigen. We found that light, following a permissive period of darkness, was essential to induce the floral promoter CrFTL1 and to initiate flowering in seedlings of the short-day plant Chenopodium rubrum L. We also identified two novel CONSTANS-like genes in C. rubrum and observed their rhythmic diurnal and circadian expressions. Strong rhythmicity of expression suggested that the two genes might have been involved in the regulation of photoperiod-dependent processes, despite their inability to complement co mutation in A. thaliana. The CrCOL1 and CrCOL2 genes were downregulated by dark-light transition, regardless of the length of a preceding dark period. The same treatment activated the floral promoter CrFTL1. Light therefore affected CrCOL and CrFTL1 in an opposite manner. Both CrCOL genes and CrFTL1 displayed expression patterns unique among short-day plants. Chenopodium rubrum, the subject of classical physiological studies in the past, is emerging as a useful model for the investigation of flowering at the molecular level.
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Expression differences underlie the functional differences between two related transcription factors: AINTEGUMENTA and AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6. Ectopic expression of AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6 at high levels alters floral organ initiation, gro...
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Expression differences underlie the functional differences between two related transcription factors: AINTEGUMENTA and AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6. Ectopic expression of AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6 at high levels alters floral organ initiation, growth and identity specification.
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