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Features of ``virtual reality'' (VR) systems and their value for the investigation and rehabilitation of cognitive and perceptual impairments are briefly described. Current and potential applications of VR technology to address si...
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Features of ``virtual reality'' (VR) systems and their value for the investigation and rehabilitation of cognitive and perceptual impairments are briefly described. Current and potential applications of VR technology to address six neurorehabilitation issues are discussed: (1) attention and the reduction of distraction, (2) assessment and remediation of executive function deficits, (3) investigation of impairments of coordinated movement, (4) study and rehabilitation of aphasia and other severe disorders of language, (5) task presentation for functional imaging studies of the brain, and (6) the measurement of mental load in the operation of assistive technology. Finally, a virtual reality system integrated with gaze angle sensing technology is described, and its potential for investigation and rehabilitation of face processing by individuals with autism is discussed.
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La dengue est l’arbovirose la plus répandue dans le monde et on estime qu’elle touche environ 100 millions de personnes par an dans les régions tropicales et les formes graves sont responsables d’environ 30 décès par an. C’...
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La dengue est l’arbovirose la plus répandue dans le monde et on estime qu’elle touche environ 100 millions de personnes par an dans les régions tropicales et les formes graves sont responsables d’environ 30 décès par an. C’est donc un problème majeur de santé publique justifiant la recherche active pour l’obtention d’un vaccin.
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A brief review of the basic terminology on simulation, simulation life-cycle activities such as model-based activities, behavior-oriented activities, and quality assurance activities is given. Then, the challenges and opportunitie...
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A brief review of the basic terminology on simulation, simulation life-cycle activities such as model-based activities, behavior-oriented activities, and quality assurance activities is given. Then, the challenges and opportunities for the advancement of the state-of-the-art in simulation environments are discussed under the following headings: modelling environments, simulation environments, mixed simulation environments, and comprehensive simulation environments.
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Microbial dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) has been identified as a mechanism for production of aqueous Fe(II) that has low 56Fe/54Fe ratios in modern and ancient suboxic environments that contain ferric oxides or hydroxides. Th...
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Microbial dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) has been identified as a mechanism for production of aqueous Fe(II) that has low 56Fe/54Fe ratios in modern and ancient suboxic environments that contain ferric oxides or hydroxides. These studies suggest that DIR could have played an important role in producing distinct Fe isotope compositions in Precambrian banded iron formations or other marine sedimentary rocks. However, the applicability of experimental studies of Fe isotope fractionation produced by DIR in geochemically simple systems to ancient marine environments remains unclear. Here we report Fe isotope fractionations produced during dissimilatory microbial reduction of hematite by Geobacter sulfurreducens in the presence and absence of dissolved Si at neutral and alkaline pH. Hematite reduction was significantly decreased by Si at alkaline (but not neutral) pH, presumably due to Si polymerization at the hematite surface. The presence of Si altered Fe isotope fractionation factors between aqueous Fe(II) or sorbed Fe(II) and reactive Fe(III), reflecting changes in bonding environment of the reactive Fe(III) component at the oxide surface. Despite these changes in isotopic fractionations, our results demonstrate that microbial Fe(III) oxide reduction produces Fe(II) with negative d56Fe values under conditions of variable pH and dissolved Si, similar to the large inventory of negative d56Fe in Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic age marine sedimentary rocks.
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Geographic information systems (GIS) data/methods offer good promise for public health programs including obesity-related research. This study systematically examined their applications and identified gaps and limitations in curre...
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Geographic information systems (GIS) data/methods offer good promise for public health programs including obesity-related research. This study systematically examined their applications and identified gaps and limitations in current obesity-related research. A systematic search of PubMed for studies published before 20 May 2016, utilizing synonyms for GIS in combination with synonyms for obesity as search terms, identified 121 studies that met our inclusion criteria. We found primary applications of GIS data/methods in obesity-related research included (i) visualization of spatial distribution of obesity and obesity-related phenomena, and basic obesogenic environmental features, and (ii) construction of advanced obesogenic environmental indicators. We found high spatial heterogeneity in obesity prevalence/risk and obesogenic environmental factors. Also, study design and characteristics varied considerably across studies because of lack of established guidance and protocols in the field, which may also have contributed to the mixed findings about environmental impacts on obesity. Existing findings regarding built environment are more robust than those regarding food environment. Applications of GIS data/methods in obesity research are still limited, and related research faces many challenges. More and better GIS data and more friendly analysis methods are needed to expand future GIS applications in obesity-related research.
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The use of 2D and 3D simulated learning environments in education and training has increased significantly in the past decade. Simulated learning environments provide several advantages over physical learning environments includin...
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The use of 2D and 3D simulated learning environments in education and training has increased significantly in the past decade. Simulated learning environments provide several advantages over physical learning environments including increased safety and accessibility. Simulated learning environments can also be utilized in an online setting, increasing the efficiency of delivery, access, and supporting greater personalization of the learning process. Despite a long history of use in workforce education, researchers have questioned whether simulations provide learners with the same quality of education as physical learning environments. This research investigated how learning to construct electrical circuits using a 2D simulation, a 3D simulation or a physical breadboard impacted learning outcomes. Additionally, this study examined the influence of learner characteristics, cognitive ability and goal orientation, on the relationship between the simulated learning environments and learning outcomes. The study utilized a pretest-posttest between subjects design and included 48 participants. Results suggest that learning to construct a circuit with physical components results in higher self-efficacy, faster construction times, and higher odds of correct construction than learning in a 2D or 3D simulation. Participants in the three conditions achieved comparable results in terms of cognitive outcomes; the differences identified were based on cognitive ability and goal orientation. There were no significant differences in outcomes achieved between participants in the 2D and 3D simulations. Implications for the design of simulated learning environments and potential impact for online technical curriculum are discussed.
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Scedosporium species are emerging fungal pathogensin Australia and elsewhere. The reason for this increasein infections is unclear. Since it is assumed that theinfections are caused by inhalation of fungal spores, wesampled the ur...
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Scedosporium species are emerging fungal pathogensin Australia and elsewhere. The reason for this increasein infections is unclear. Since it is assumed that theinfections are caused by inhalation of fungal spores, wesampled the urban and rural environment of the greaterSydney region for the presence of the human pathogenicspecies. Our findings indicate that there may be species-specific associations with areas of high human activity,hinting of a possible link between the environment andthe emergence of infections.
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Sound is the only energy that can penetrate water to significant ranges.Consequently, in the undersea environment, it is used for the purposeof communication, collecting information about the environment, orcollecting information ...
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Sound is the only energy that can penetrate water to significant ranges.Consequently, in the undersea environment, it is used for the purposeof communication, collecting information about the environment, orcollecting information about objects within the environment. One wayto collect information is to just listen. Unfortunately, this approach,known as passive sonar, is not effective in all situations. This talkwill focus on the alternative, active sonar.
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An increasing proportion of the world's consumers are spending more of theirtime interacting with and buying from the Internet. Online consumers worldwide"have access to products and services of providers from around the globe, al...
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An increasing proportion of the world's consumers are spending more of theirtime interacting with and buying from the Internet. Online consumers worldwide"have access to products and services of providers from around the globe, almostimmediately, day or night at the lowest possible prices" (Lazer & Shaw, 2000,p. 70). Consequently, the traditional models of consumer behavior may not reflectthe new realities of a changing consumption environment. How does the differ-ence in an online shopping environment impact consumer decision making? Arethere interactions between the experience and the process? Does this new expe-rience impact satisfaction and/or loyalty in different ways from traditional shop-ping? Do individual differences, particularly those based on age and gender,impact decision making, and how can marketers influence this decision processwith so little control over the environment? These and other questions will becomekey issues as the future of consumer purchasing evolves with changing online tech-nology. This issue takes the first step in moving beyond traditional consumerbehavior experiences to the shopping environment of the virtual world.
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In the 1980's the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, now the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC) in cooperation with the National Research Council (NRC) developed a set of assessment criteria and Acoustical En...
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In the 1980's the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, now the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC) in cooperation with the National Research Council (NRC) developed a set of assessment criteria and Acoustical Engineering analysis procedures to assist Municipalities in ensuring that sufficient mitigation of traffic noise is properly incorporated into new housing developments. These procedures were universally adopted by Municipalities across the Province and remain in use almost unchanged after 30 years.
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