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Aircraft noise emissions are a problem that negatively affects human health, directly or indirectly. For this reason, examining and managing the noise effects caused by aircrafts at the airports is important for the sustainable de...
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Aircraft noise emissions are a problem that negatively affects human health, directly or indirectly. For this reason, examining and managing the noise effects caused by aircrafts at the airports is important for the sustainable development of aviation. In the present study, a noise management model based on the multiapproach method, including some actions related to aircraft noise, has been created. The model was applied to the International Eskisehir Hasan Polatkan Airport (LTBY). Within the scope of the model, in the first stage, in 365 days, day, evening and night noise levels around the airport were simulated using IMMI software under the European noise directive and European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) doc 29-interim was also used to measure aircraft noise. In the second stage, the noise generated by the Cessna 172-S aircraft under different operating conditions experimentally measured was carried out. After the model had been applied to LTBY, improvement opportunities for aircraft noise were evaluated. It is thought that the study and its results will help other civil airports on the issue of noise problem at airports.
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Air traffic, with its adverse influence on environment, is beginning to jeopardize its own development. Air traffic noise in vicinity of airports is seen as one of the important constraints of air traffic development. Committee on...
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Air traffic, with its adverse influence on environment, is beginning to jeopardize its own development. Air traffic noise in vicinity of airports is seen as one of the important constraints of air traffic development. Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommends procedures for noise decreasing in vicinity of airports, mentioning that measures for noise reduction should not aim at unique solution, but at combination of different solutions. In this paper, ICAO standards and recommended practices, designed for "Balanced approach" to aircraft noise management around airports, are presented. An overview of measures applied by airports worldwide in order to reduce noise in the surroundings is provided showing their frequency and variety. Additionally, directions on development of new measures for the same purpose, originated as a response to ICAO recommendations, are presented.
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Today the aviation industry is strongly exposed to criticism based on its impact on climate change. While this is a very important challenge, the industry and especially airports also have a second important challenge: noise impac...
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Today the aviation industry is strongly exposed to criticism based on its impact on climate change. While this is a very important challenge, the industry and especially airports also have a second important challenge: noise impact, which needs to be managed more strategically and proactively.This paper discusses the key factors that influence noise impact, looking at the influence of the evolution of passenger numbers and movements, the influence of the time slots used for these movements and the movements of the lowest noise class aircraft. It will also examine why the permissiblenoise curve currently under discussion is much larger than that of the 2009 noise register, the first definition by the Swiss aviation regulator of the foreseen noise impact of Geneva Airport. The paper will investigate to what extent Geneva Airport can influence the noise curves through openinghours and slot availability, as well as ways in which the airport might achieve the 20 per cent noise reduction announced in the aeronautical infrastructure sector plan of 2018. Finally, it will suggest a methodology to produce a forecast of noise impact based on key variables such as movementsduring specific hours of the day and the percentage of movements of aircraft of the lowest noise class.
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Air traffic noise is one of the major constraints of airport development. Many airports recognized noise problem long ago and have introduced a variety of measures to reduce its impact. The number and types of the introduced measu...
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Air traffic noise is one of the major constraints of airport development. Many airports recognized noise problem long ago and have introduced a variety of measures to reduce its impact. The number and types of the introduced measures differ between airports. In order to determine the most influential factors for the introduction of noise abatement measures in airport surroundings, the research presented in this paper examined 248 European airports. By analyzing the correlation of specific characteristics related to airports (number of runways and aircraft operations, distance from the city and the population of the city that it serves, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita) and the number of introduced noise abatement measures, five hypothesis were examined: the higher number of aircraft operations causes the introduction of a higher number of noise abatement measures (NAMs); the higher number of runways will affect the introduction of a higher number of NAMs; airports that are closer to the settlement will introduce a higher number of NAMs; the higher population in the vicinity of the airport will affect the introduction of higher number of NAMs; the higher GDP per capita will affect the introduction of a higher number of NAMs. The results of analysis have shown that number of NAMs introduced does not have significant functional relationship with observed factors, except in some certain cases.
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Excessive sound levels at events where amplified music is a central element pose a risk to hearing. Whereas noise exposure in the workplace has been recognized as a hazard for over a century, the potential harm resulting from recr...
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Excessive sound levels at events where amplified music is a central element pose a risk to hearing. Whereas noise exposure in the workplace has been recognized as a hazard for over a century, the potential harm resulting from recreational sound exposure has only become apparent in recent years. In occupational settings where sound levels are high, employers are required to implement risk-mitigation strategies to reduce sound exposure and protect employees in accordance with the hierarchy of controls. In principle, this same risk management approach can be applied to entertainment venues. In this paper we discuss how the measures stipulated in various policies and regulations aimed at protecting the hearing of audience members at entertainment venues fit within the hierarchy of controls. We compare the relative likely effectiveness of each of the measures and outline how the particular characteristics of entertainment venues impact on the practical application of these measures.
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Places of worship should ensure comfort for their users. Comfort in buildings can be categorized into three types, namely thermal, visual, and audial comfort. Audial comfort itself has several parameters including reverberation ti...
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Places of worship should ensure comfort for their users. Comfort in buildings can be categorized into three types, namely thermal, visual, and audial comfort. Audial comfort itself has several parameters including reverberation time. The greater the reverberation time, the longer the noise in the room will decay, causing noise accumulation. This will certainly be very disturbing, especially if the room accommodates activities of preaching and worship. Many things affect the amount of reverberation time, including the shape of the building, room volume, interior design and interior materials used. Buildings with concave ceilings, such as mosques with domed roofs, have poor acoustic performance compared to buildings that have convex or flat ceilings because sound tends to be reflected and the reflections are accumulated at several points. The sound distribution is also less even when compared to buildings with flat or convex ceilings. Baitullzzah Mosque at the Adhi Tama Institute of Technology has a typical design of mosques in general, with a concave ceiling and hard materials in its interior, so it tends to reflect sound. The location of the mosque, which is on the edge of a main road, also allows noise pollution to occur in the worship space. This study aims to evaluate the performance of acoustics, in this case the reverberation time, analyzing the impact of the mosque location on the main road, and provide acoustic design solutions for the mosque of Adhi Tama Institute of Technology Surabaya. In general, the applied method was correlational research with relationship study strategy. The results were obtained by examining the relationship between several variables that affect the reverberation time, particularly the type of interior material and the surface area of the absorbent field used. The results showed that the acoustic comfort in the Baitullzzah mosque can be obtained by adding absorbency and replacing wall, ceiling and floor materials. This solution can also be used for noise management in similar mosques.
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Cognitive impairment, particularly in attention, memory and executive function domains, is commonly present and associated with poor functional outcomes in schizophrenia. In healthy adults, environmental noise adversely affects ma...
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Cognitive impairment, particularly in attention, memory and executive function domains, is commonly present and associated with poor functional outcomes in schizophrenia. In healthy adults, environmental noise adversely affects many cognitive domains, including those known to be compromised in schizophrenia. This pilot study examined whether environmental noise causes further cognitive deterioration in a small sample of people with schizophrenia. Eighteen outpatients with schizophrenia on stable doses of antipsychotics and 18 age and sex-matched healthy participants were assessed on a comprehensive cognitive battery including measures of psychomotor speed, attention, executive functioning, working memory, and verbal learning and memory under three different conditions [quiet: similar to 30 dB(A); urban noise: building site noise, 68-78 dB(A); and social noise: background babble and footsteps from a crowded hall without any discernible words, 68-78 dB(A)], 714 days apart, with counter-balanced presentation of noise conditions across participants of both groups. The results showed wide spread cognitive impairment in patients under all conditions, and noise-induced impairments of equal magnitude on specific cognitive functions in both groups. Both patient and healthy participant groups showed significant disruption of delayed verbal recall and recognition by urban and social noise, and of working memory by social noise, relative to the quiet condition. Performance under urban and social noise did not differ significantly from each other for any cognitive measure in either group. We conclude that noise has adverse effects on the verbal and working memory domains in schizophrenia patients and healthy participants. This may be particularly problematic for patients as it worsens their pre-existing cognitive deficits. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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Opportunities to experience natural sounds are among the most important reasons for visiting parks, and mandates require that the National Park Service protect natural soundscapes. Due to its proximity to military installations, m...
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Opportunities to experience natural sounds are among the most important reasons for visiting parks, and mandates require that the National Park Service protect natural soundscapes. Due to its proximity to military installations, military aircraft are prevalent above Sequoia National Park, and exposure to sounds produced by aircraft have been found to detract from visitor experiences. Military overflights and associated acoustic impacts are likely to continue given Sequoia's relationship with these agencies, and proximity to military installations, and in turn visitor experiences may be depreciated. This study examined whether educational messaging could significantly affect Sequoia visitor acceptability of military aircraft sounds, and evaluated the strengths and limitations of visitor communication strategies as they pertain to soundscape management. Results determined that informing visitors about the presence of military aircraft through a theoretically-derived message could improve acceptability of military aircraft sounds by as much as 15%. These results indicate that educational messaging may offer immediate benefits to Sequoia visitor experiences.
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Soundscapes are the array of natural and anthropogenic sounds occurring in an area, and can consist of both natural and human derived components. In this study, we compared soundscapes in wetlands disturbed by road-traffic noise t...
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Soundscapes are the array of natural and anthropogenic sounds occurring in an area, and can consist of both natural and human derived components. In this study, we compared soundscapes in wetlands disturbed by road-traffic noise to wetlands distant from major roads. In each wetland, above-water and below-water soundscapes were recorded in Spring, Summer, and Fall. Wetlands near roads had higher sound intensity, more anthropogenic noise occurrences, and lower acoustic diversity above and below the water. In contrast, wetlands distant from roads had more natural sounds above and below the water, including a higher number of birdcalls. When soundscapes were subdivided by frequency, most anthropogenic sounds occurred in low frequencies (0-5 kHz), but natural sounds were found in all frequencies. Soundscapes changed during the year, with more natural sounds occurring in Spring and the highest acoustic diversity recorded in Spring and Fall. These findings indicate that nearby roads change wetland soundscapes by increasing noise pollution, which masks natural sounds such as bird calls and reduces biodiversity. The altered soundscapes of freshwater wetlands, near roads potentially could alter biotic communities by affecting animal behavior such as intraspecies communication, interaction of predator and their prey, and resource acquisition.
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The proper identification and prioritization of noise hot-spots caused by roads require a spatial analysis that goes beyond the information provided by strategic noise maps. With this purpose, this paper describes the development ...
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The proper identification and prioritization of noise hot-spots caused by roads require a spatial analysis that goes beyond the information provided by strategic noise maps. With this purpose, this paper describes the development and testing of a new 3D tool built using ArcGIS scripts, which has been created for this task. This tool provides "enhanced information" that can enrich the scenarios used in the decision-making process that accompanies noise action plans. The new tool was tested in a residential area crossed by the A-376 highway, in the province of Seville, Spain, since the use of real data can better show the capabilities of the new methodology. The tool was validated with a benchmark test using 20 stretches of the highway chosen at random among areas with the population exposed to more than 50 dB. The results show a relative mean error of 1.33% after analyzing 3597 receivers above 50 dB. This contributes to the credibility and confidence in the method. It was also proved that the new tool represents a substantial improvement in the detection of noise hot-spots compared to similar tools in 2D. Finally, one of the most important conclusions is that the new tool defines more precisely the extent of the road noise problem, determining exactly the contribution of each section of the road in each of the noise problems diagnosed by the road noise maps. Among other things, this makes it easy to quickly discard inefficient noise mitigation measures.
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