Scion physiology and grape quality are impacted by rootstock choice. There is little available information about the effects of rootstock on wine volatile composition, part
Scion physiology and grape quality are impacted by rootstock choice. There is little available information about the effects of rootstock on wine volatile composition, particularly when comparing grafted with own‐rooted grapevines. This field trial was aimed at studying the influence of rootstock choice on volatile composition of Merlot wines.
Wines made from grapes harvested from own‐rooted grapevines had the lowest content of (
E
)‐3‐hexenol, diethyl succinate and total ethyl esters and the highest content of 1‐pentanol, 1‐hexanol, (
Z
)‐3‐hexenol, diethyl malate and acetovanillone. Rootstocks such as 99R and 140Ru led to a higher content of total ethyl esters in wines followed by 110R, 1103P and Gravesac. According to odor activity values, Merlot wines were characterized by roses, sweat, cheese and banana aromas.
This work provides valuable information about the potential impact of rootstocks on wine volatile composition for Merlot wines. ? 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
摘要 :
The use of rootstocks is widespread in modern viticulture; non-grafted Vitis vinifera vines are now grown in only a handful of places with very specific conditions. Since the need to graft vine-scions onto American rootstocks, a l...
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The use of rootstocks is widespread in modern viticulture; non-grafted Vitis vinifera vines are now grown in only a handful of places with very specific conditions. Since the need to graft vine-scions onto American rootstocks, a lot of work has been performed in which different aspects of the relationship between the vine and the rootstock have been studied. Despite this there are still many open questions, which remained unanswered. The present paper reports a study performed on five 'Albarino' clones (MBG-1, MBG-2, MBG-7, MBG-9 and MBG-10), in which the influence of rootstock type (110-R and SO4) on a number of agronomic variables was examined. The results show that these rootstocks have no influence on many of the variables which were studied (phenology, cluster size and weight, fertility, yield, and berry size and weight), although they do influence variables such as the probable alcohol content, the quantity of free-run juice, must total acidity and weight of pruned wood. Therefore it is possible to conclude, that rootstocks influence agronomic parameters.
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A study was conducted to classify grape rootstocks using 18S rDNA sequence analysis. The analysis of enzymatic cutting sites of Vitis spp. by various restriction enzymes showed that: Acc I, Sal I, Taq I, Xba I, Hpa II and Nae I we...
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A study was conducted to classify grape rootstocks using 18S rDNA sequence analysis. The analysis of enzymatic cutting sites of Vitis spp. by various restriction enzymes showed that: Acc I, Sal I, Taq I, Xba I, Hpa II and Nae I were specific cuttingsites in Ruggeri 140 rootstock; Bsr I and Fok I were in Kober 5BB rootstock; Dpn I, EcoR I, Hinf I and Mbo I were in Richter 110 rootstock; Hpa II, Mlu I and Bsa0 I were in Teleki 8B rootstock; Rsa I, Alu I and Ava I were in Millardet et de Grasset 41B,Black Olympia and 44-53M rootstocks. Restriction enzyme Mlu I and NSI II were revealed as specific restriction enzymes for differentiating between Pyrus and Vitis. From sequence analysis of 18S rDNA, grape rootstocks were divided into four groups such as V. riparia x V. rupestris, V. berlandieri x V. riparia, V. berlandieri x V. vinifera, and V. berlandieri x V. rupestris. Couderc 3306, Couderc 3309 and Millardet et de Grasset 101-14 belonged to the first group. Millardet et de Grasset 420A, Teleki 8Band Kober 5BB were classified in the second group. Millardet et de Grasset 41B belonged to the third group, and Richter 99, 44-53M, Richter 110, Paulsen 1103, Castel 196-17 and Ruggeri 140 belonged to the fourth group.
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Grape production worldwide is increasingly threatened by grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). No grapevine cultivar is known to be entirely resistant to GTDs, but susceptibility varies greatly. To quantify these differences, four Hung...
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Grape production worldwide is increasingly threatened by grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). No grapevine cultivar is known to be entirely resistant to GTDs, but susceptibility varies greatly. To quantify these differences, four Hungarian grape germplasm collections containing 305 different cultivars were surveyed to determine the ratios of GTDs based on symptom expression and the proportion of plant loss within all GTD symptoms. The cultivars of monophyletic Vitis vinifera L. origin were amongst the most sensitive ones, and their sensitivity was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that of the interspecific (hybrid) cultivars assessed, which are defined by the presence of Vitis species other than V. vinifera (e.g., V. labrusca L., V. rupestris Scheele, and V. amurensis Rupr.) in their pedigree. We conclude that the ancestral diversity of grapes confers a higher degree of resilience against GTDs.
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Stilbenoids are of great interest on account of their many promising biological activities, especially in regards to prevention and potential treatment of many chronic diseases associated with aging. The simple stilbenoid monomer,...
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Stilbenoids are of great interest on account of their many promising biological activities, especially in regards to prevention and potential treatment of many chronic diseases associated with aging. The simple stilbenoid monomer, E-resveratrol, has received the most attention due to early in vitro and in vivo biological activities in anti-aging assays. Since Vitis vinifera, primarily in the form of wine, is a major dietary source of these compounds, there is a tremendous amount of research on resveratrol in wine and grapes. Relatively few biological studies have been performed on other stilbenoids from Vitis, primarily due to the lack of commercial sources of many of these compounds. The diverse stilbenoids from this economically important genus are an untapped source of health promoting compounds and because of this, numerous efforts for isolation, identification and quantification of additional stilbenoids have been ongoing. Additionally, due to their role as phytoalexins, stilbenoids play an important role in the defense against pathogens. Therefore, the compounds produced by highly resistant strains are of great interest for the development of resistant crops, natural spray reagents, and as new dietary supplements or pharmaceuticals. Since closely related species are likely to have similar metabolic pathways, a more thorough understanding of the chemical diversity of stilbenoids within Vitis is useful in this endeavor. In this review, we focus on stilbenoids found in the Vitis genus with the aim of aiding future stilbenoid chemistry, particularly in V. vinifera and wine. Additionally, we discuss the efforts to quantify stilbenoids in Vitis, with a focus on non-resveratrol stilbenoid compounds.
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The Grape Leafhopper (Empoasca vitis) deposits its eggs in the veins and leaf stalks of grapevine leaves. These eggs fluoresce strongly from within the intact leaf tissue under a direct light fluorescence at 450-490 nm (blue light...
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The Grape Leafhopper (Empoasca vitis) deposits its eggs in the veins and leaf stalks of grapevine leaves. These eggs fluoresce strongly from within the intact leaf tissue under a direct light fluorescence at 450-490 nm (blue light), but not at 340-380 nm (UV-light); thus, the eggs can be monitored quantitatively under blue light excitation. With a stereo microscope under halogen light, however, only a small fraction of the eggs observed under the fluorescence microscope could be detected, almost exclusively egg larvae with red eye spots, about ready to hatch. The eggs are preferentially deposited in veins of Ist: or 2nd order or in leaf stalks, while small veins are avoided.
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Changes in organic acid contents of red muscadine grapes with fruit maturity and their distribution within mature berries were determined by HPLC. The major acids identified are succinic, tartaric, and malic acids. Succinic acid w...
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Changes in organic acid contents of red muscadine grapes with fruit maturity and their distribution within mature berries were determined by HPLC. The major acids identified are succinic, tartaric, and malic acids. Succinic acid was the most abundant immediately after fruit, set but its concentration dropped sharply as fruits matured, Tartaric acid was the most prominent acid from verasion until the fruits were fully mature, Malic acid content increased gradually until verasion, after which it decreased with fruit ripening. Distribution of acids within the berries was uneven. Grape skins had the highest acid content, whereas the amount of acids in the seeds was the lowest.
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Under our storage conditions, 16-year-old seeds of V. berlandieri x V. vinifera crosses were still capable of successful emergence, while 33 years appeared to exceed the maximum storage time for successful emergence of V. berlandi...
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Under our storage conditions, 16-year-old seeds of V. berlandieri x V. vinifera crosses were still capable of successful emergence, while 33 years appeared to exceed the maximum storage time for successful emergence of V. berlandieri or V. cinerea seedlings. The proportion of emerging seedlings was relatively low for the particular interspecies crosses, suggesting long-term storage of Vitis seeds is an inefficient practice for either breeding or conservation purposes. Seed storage appears less reliable for long-term conservation of grapevine germplasm than the resource-intensive cultivation of seedlings as individual vines, but may provide useful material for other purposes. Using established seed storage guidelines may extend longevity of grapevine seeds. Financial support was received from Horticulture Australia Ltd and Grape and Wine Research and Development Corporation.
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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a aplicacao de diferentes intensidades e épocas de poda de frutificacao para a producao fora de época da videira 'Niagara Rosada' na regiao noroeste do Paraná. O ensaio foi conduzid...
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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a aplicacao de diferentes intensidades e épocas de poda de frutificacao para a producao fora de época da videira 'Niagara Rosada' na regiao noroeste do Paraná. O ensaio foi conduzido em uma plantacao comercial de 5 anos de idade enxertada sobre 'Riparia do Traviú', localizada no município de Marialva, PR, conduzida no sistema de espaldeira em cordao bilateral em espacamento 2,0 m entre linhas por 1,0 m entre plantas. Foram estudadas as seguintes intensidades de poda em relacao ao número de gemas deixadas por sarmento ou esporao: a. poda longa (6-8 gemas), época l (05/01/2001); b. poda média (4-5 gemas), época 1 (05/01/2001); c. poda curta (1-2 gem as), época 1 (05/01/ 2001); d. poda longa (6-8gemas), época 2 (19/01 /2001); e. poda média (4-5 gemas), época 2 (19/01 /2001); f. poda curta (1-2 gemas), época 2 (19/01/2001). Todos os tratamentos foram aplicados após a colheita originada da poda de inverno realizada em julho de 2000. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 6 tratamentos e 4 repeticoes, em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 (3 intensidades de poda x 2 épocas de poda), sendo cada parcela constituída por 4 plantas. Foram comparados, através de análise de variancia, osseguintes parametros: porcentagem de gemas brotadas e; porcentagem de gemas brotadas com cachos. A poda curta (1-2 gemas) apresentou as menores médias para porcentagem de gemas brotadas e porcentagem de gemas brotadas com cacho, enquanto os tratamentosonde empregou-se as podas longa e média (6-8 e 4-5 gemas, respectivamente), resultaram nas maiores médias para estes dois parametros, indicando serem mais apropriados para a producao fora de época desta cultivar. Nao foram observadas diferencas entreas épocas de realizacao das podas para os parametros avaliados.
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? 2023 Elsevier LtdGrapevine leaf spot (GVLS) (Pseudocercospora vitis) occurs at the end of the cycle of Vitis labrusca cultivars. A fungicide application program, considering preventive applications, has not been studied to contr...
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? 2023 Elsevier LtdGrapevine leaf spot (GVLS) (Pseudocercospora vitis) occurs at the end of the cycle of Vitis labrusca cultivars. A fungicide application program, considering preventive applications, has not been studied to control GVLS. The objectives of this study were i) to evaluate the effect of fungicide programs, with different application start dates, on GVLS epidemics in the field and ii) to test the efficacy of fungicides in preventative applications to control GVLS in a greenhouse. The field experiment was carried out in the municipality of Campo Largo, Paraná, Brazil, during 2019/20, 2020/21, and 2021/22 seasons of the Bord? cultivar. In each season, six fungicide programs, with different application start dates, and a control, without application, were evaluated and compared. In the greenhouse, grape seedlings were treated with seven different fungicides, and 24 h later they were inoculated with P. vitis. In the field, the maximum asymptote, an important epidemiological parameter, was lower in the treatment with fungicide applications carried out from the 6th (flowering) to the 18th week after budburst (after harvest). This treatment was carried out at fortnightly intervals, rotating the active ingredients copper oxychloride, pyraclostrobin + methiram, and difenoconazole. In the greenhouse, the fungicides mancozeb, chlorothalonil, difenoconazole, and the methiram + pyraclostrobin mixture had control efficacy above 80% in relation to the untreated control. The results suggested that reducing primary P. vitis infections, which can occur from the beginning of the grapevine cycle, is an important strategy for controlling GVLS in the subtropical climate.
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