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The growth of various halophytes in coastal saline soils was compared and the effect of halophytes on changes in chemical properties of saline soils and rehabilitation of coastal saline soils was investigated at the Sirlndhorn Int...
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The growth of various halophytes in coastal saline soils was compared and the effect of halophytes on changes in chemical properties of saline soils and rehabilitation of coastal saline soils was investigated at the Sirlndhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am district, Petchaburi province between April 2010 and September 2011. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The halophyte species were: i) Dixie grass {Sporotxilus virginicus coarse type), ii)Smyrna grass {Sporotmlus wginicus smooth type), Hi) Seabrook grass {DIstichlis spicata), iv) Georgia grass (Spartina patens), and 5) natural grasses. It was found that Dixie grass showed the highest survival rate, followed by Smyrna grass, Georgia grassand Seabrook grass. Seabrook grass had the highest fresh and dry weights of 19,796.25 and 12,178.75 kg ha~(-1), respectively, followed by Georgia grass, Dixie grass and Smyrna grass. Seabrook grass accumulated larger amounts of sodium (Na) than Georgiagrass. Dixie grass and Smyrna grass. The study of the effect of halophytes on soil chemical changes found that in general, soil organic matter, as well as phosphorus and potassium levels, increased, while soil electrical conductivity decreased.
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A new high yielding guinea grass culture TNGG-5 was developed through hybridisation between Co-1 X Centenario and released as Co-2 for general cultivation in Tamil Nadu. This new variety is shade tolerant, tall growing and profuse...
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A new high yielding guinea grass culture TNGG-5 was developed through hybridisation between Co-1 X Centenario and released as Co-2 for general cultivation in Tamil Nadu. This new variety is shade tolerant, tall growing and profusely tillering. It produces 80-100 tillers per clump and grows to a height of 275 cm. It has more number of longer and broader leaves and non lodging. It has a green fodder yield potential of 270 tonnes ha~(-1) year~(-1). The dry matter, crude protein and mineral content arehigher in the new variety than Co-1.
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В 2008-2009 гг. проведено экологическое испытание 5 видов и 16 сортов газонных трав. Установлено, что наиболее качественные газоны ф...
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В 2008-2009 гг. проведено экологическое испытание 5 видов и 16 сортов газонных трав. Установлено, что наиболее качественные газоны формировалиполевица побего-образующая и мятлик луговой сорта Impact Другие сорта мятлика лугового, а также сорт овсяницы красной Audubon подходят для создания обыкновенных городских газонов. Газоны из райграса пастбищного сортов Сакини и Плейер, фестулолиума сорта ВИК 90, овсяницы красной сорта Эхо имели невысокую общую декоративность и сорта этих трав нецелесообразно использовать для создания газонных травостоев.
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Panicum maximum (guinea grass), a native grass of Africa, has invaded and displaced the native Miscanthus sinensis grassland at Dadu terrace in central Taiwan. The Dadu terrace has distinct wet and dry seasons and is prone to fire...
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Panicum maximum (guinea grass), a native grass of Africa, has invaded and displaced the native Miscanthus sinensis grassland at Dadu terrace in central Taiwan. The Dadu terrace has distinct wet and dry seasons and is prone to fire during the dry seasons. We compared photosynthesis and growth, as well as the growth response to two water treatments, between P.maximum and M.sinensis plants to understand ecophysiological factors contributing to the successful invasion of the grass. In comparison with M.sinensis, P.maximum had a significantly higher photosynthetic rate, larger specific leaf area and a higher leaf area/total biomass ratio, and thus grew faster and higher, and accumulated more biomass under well-watered conditions. The growth of P.maximum was more susceptible than M.sinensis to drought stress. Faster growth of seedlings and more biomass accumulation of mature plants would give P.maximum a highly competitive advantage over M.sinensis for resource acquisition in the Dadu terrace during the wet season, which might contribute to the successful invasion of P.maximum into the grassland of M.sinensis.
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Plants of the genus Cynodon were considered as weed for a long period. However, this scenario has changed when it was observed that many species could be used in forage farming and for the recovery of degraded areas. Due to the hi...
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Plants of the genus Cynodon were considered as weed for a long period. However, this scenario has changed when it was observed that many species could be used in forage farming and for the recovery of degraded areas. Due to the high expansive potential, Cynodon spp. became an option for producers and aroused interest for breeding programs, besides requiring further studies on genetic and cytogenetic variability. Research onmeiosis in Cynodon are scarce since the inflorescences are small and the standardization of the stages of spikelet collections is difficult. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the microsporogenesis, viability and morphology of the pollen grains of two accessions of Cynodon dactylon var. dactylon (L.) Pers. (2n = 4x = 36, bermudagrass) and two accessions of Cynodon nlemfuensis var. nlemfuensis Vanderyst (2n = 2x = 18, stargrass). The slides were prepared by squash technique and stained with 2% carmine propionic. For the viability analyses of pollen grains, 2% propionic carmine and Alexander's stain were used. The measurements and the morphology of the pollen grains were defined from analyses with the acetolysis technique and scanning electron microscopy. The meiosis of the four accessions/species was regular. The staining tests showed variations in the viability rate of the pollen grain between the diploid and tetraploid species, being higher among the tetraploids. The pollen grains measured 21.1 and 28.8 mu m on average for both species and were classified as oblate spheroidal, monocolpates and showed no ornamentation, such as spicules and other attachments with non-roughened, micro reticulated exine. (c) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Grass pollens are amongst the most important aeroallergen sources world-wide triggering allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma in sensitised patients. Much of what we know about the allergen components of grasses is informed by r...
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Grass pollens are amongst the most important aeroallergen sources world-wide triggering allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma in sensitised patients. Much of what we know about the allergen components of grasses is informed by research on pollen of temperate (Pooideae) species that are abundant in the temperate climate zones. However, climate changes are altering the biogeographical distribution as well as timing and allergenicity of grass pollens. This provides an impetus for better understanding of the contribution of subtropical subfamilies of grasses to pollen allergy globally. Pollen of Chloridoideae (e.g. Cynodon dactylon; Bermuda grass) and Panicoideae (e.g. Paspalum notatum; Bahia grass or Sorghum halepense; Johnson grass) subfamilies are clinically important in subtropical zones of Australia, Asia, India, Africa, and America. These grasses differ ecologically and phylogenetically from temperate grasses and, importantly their allergen composition is qualitatively different. For example, subtropical grass pollens appear to lack the major group 5 grass pollen allergen family. In this review we summarize current knowledge of the epidemiology and immunology of subtropical Chloridoideae and Pancoideae pollen allergens, describe the biochemical characteristics of known isoforms and variants as well as properties and structures of subtropical pollen allergen components. Whilst only one subtropical allergen component; Cyn d 1 of Bermuda grass pollen, is available commercially for diagnostic use, in a natural purified form, a number of allergens of Panicoideae grass pollen; Zea m 1, Zea m 3 and Zea m 13 of maize, Pas n 1 and Pas n 13 of Bahia, as well as Sor h 1, Sor h 2, Sor h 13 and Sor h 23 of Johnson grass, have been discovered. Research effort is directed towards making available subtropical grass pollen allergen components as innovative treatment and diagnostic options that more specifically address the needs of patients from warmer regions of the globe.
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Slow callus growth is a barrier to efficient genetic transformation in some gramineous species. A reformulation of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with additional magnesium sulphate, potassium phosphate, copper sulphate, proline ...
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Slow callus growth is a barrier to efficient genetic transformation in some gramineous species. A reformulation of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with additional magnesium sulphate, potassium phosphate, copper sulphate, proline and glutamine, termed WPBS medium, has been developed which improves all aspects of in vitro culture when compared with MS based media. Embryogenic callus could be produced more rapidly from responsive genotypes of sixteen cereal, forage, model and energy grass species, whether using embryos, shoot tips or proliferated meristems as explants. Three species were not transformed due to contamination or unsuitable explant, but thirteen species were transformed using an identical Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, selection and regeneration protocol, including Avena sativa and Oryza sativa. Readily transformable species such as Lolium perenne, Brachypodium distachyon and Festuca arundinacea and recalcitrant species such as Lolium temulentum and Miscanthus sinensis were reliably transformed, while two new species Phalaris arundinacea and viviparous Deschampsia cespitosa were transformed at the first attempt. It is hoped that the use of WPBS media and this general transformation protocol may help to improve the efficiency of grass and cereal transformation.
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Кондиционер, разработанный во ВНИИ кормов, пригоден для обработки бобовых и злаковых трав. Он представляет собой самостоятел...
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Кондиционер, разработанный во ВНИИ кормов, пригоден для обработки бобовых и злаковых трав. Он представляет собой самостоятельную роторную машину, а также может устанавливаться на брусовые и ротационные косилки. Кондиционер ускоряет обезвоживание скошенных трав в 1,5--2 раза.
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Приведены основные результаты селекции сортов многолетних трав с фитоценотической устойчивостью и совместимостью в многови...
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Приведены основные результаты селекции сортов многолетних трав с фитоценотической устойчивостью и совместимостью в многовидовых посевах на пойменных и полевых землях степной части Центрально-Чернозёмного региона.
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