摘要 : Cartilage injuries cause pain and loss of function, and if severe may result in osteoarthritis(OA). 3Dbioprinting is now a tangible option for the delivery of bioscaffolds capable of regenerating thedeficient cartilage tissue. Our... 展开 Cartilage injuries cause pain and loss of function, and if severe may result in osteoarthritis(OA). 3Dbioprinting is now a tangible option for the delivery of bioscaffolds capable of regenerating thedeficient cartilage tissue. Our team has developed a handheld device, the Biopen, to allowin situadditive manufacturing during surgery. Given its ability to extrude in a core/shell manner, the Biopencan preserve cell viability during the biofabrication process, and it is currently the only biofabricationtool tested as a surgical instrument in a sheep model using homologous stem cells. As a necessary steptoward the development of a clinically relevant protocol, we aimed to demonstrate that our handheldextrusion device can successfully be used for the biofabrication of human cartilage. Therefore, thisstudy is a required step for the development of a surgical treatment in human patients. In this work wespecifically used human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells(hADSCs), harvested from the infrapatellarfat pad of donor patients affected by OA, to also prove that they can be utilized as the source ofcells for the future clinical application. With the Biopen, we generated bioscaffolds made of hADSCsladen in gelatin methacrylate, hyaluronic acid methacrylate and cultured in the presence ofchondrogenic stimuli for eight weeksin vitro. A comprehensive characterisation including gene andprotein expression analyses, immunohistology, confocal microscopy, second harmonic generation,light sheet imaging, atomic force mycroscopy and mechanical unconfined compression demonstratedthat our strategy resulted in human hyaline-like cartilage formation. Ourin situ biofabricationapproach represents an innovation with important implications for customizing cartilage repair inpatients with cartilage injuries and OA. 收起