摘要 : We derive the high-frequency, compressible, dissipative dispersion and polarization relations for linear acoustic-gravity waves (GWs) and acoustic waves (AWs) in a single-species thermosphere. The wave amplitudes depend explicitly... 展开 We derive the high-frequency, compressible, dissipative dispersion and polarization relations for linear acoustic-gravity waves (GWs) and acoustic waves (AWs) in a single-species thermosphere. The wave amplitudes depend explicitly on time, consistent with a wave packet approach. We investigate the phase shifts and amplitude ratios between the GW components, which include the horizontal (u'_H) and vertical (w') velocity, density (ρ'), pressure (p'), and temperature (T') perturbations. We show how GWs with large vertical wavelengths λ_z have dramatically different phase and amplitude relations than those with small λ_z. For zero viscosity, as|λ_z|increases, the phase between u'_H and w' decreases from 0 to ～-90°, the phase between u'_H and T' decreases from ～90 to 0°, and the phase between T' and ρ' decreases from ～180 to 0° for λ_H>>|λ_z|, where λ_H is the horizontal wavelength. This effect lessens substantially with increasing altitudes, primarily because the density scale height x increases. We show how in-situ satellite measurements of either (1) the 3D neutral wind or (2) ρ', T',w'and the cross-track wind, can be used to infer a GW'sλ_H,λ_z propagation direction, and intrinsic frequencyω_(Ir) We apply thistheory to a GW observed by the DE2 satellite. We find a significant region of overlap in parameter space for 5 independent constraints (i.e., T'_0/ρ'0), the phase shift between T' and w', and the distance between wave crests), which provides a good test and validation of this theory. In a companion paper, we apply this theory to ground-based observations of a GW over Alaska. 收起