摘要 : Ranchers' livelihoods depend on maintaining animal productivity, ranch profitability, and healthy soils and plants in highly variable environments. Having the knowledge and flexibility to adaptively manage in the face of change ca... 展开 Ranchers' livelihoods depend on maintaining animal productivity, ranch profitability, and healthy soils and plants in highly variable environments. Having the knowledge and flexibility to adaptively manage in the face of change can determine whether managers meet these goals. Whilemany ranchers continue to manage with moderate continuous stocking, others have adopted more management-intensive approaches to achieve their ecological and economic goals. 收起