摘要 : Background. Our previous study demonstrated that the soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) index, defined as the ratio of serum sIL-2R levels at neutrophil engraftment to that before conditioning, is a biomarker that can predict... 展开 Background. Our previous study demonstrated that the soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) index, defined as the ratio of serum sIL-2R levels at neutrophil engraftment to that before conditioning, is a biomarker that can predict acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) after unrelated bone marrow transplantation. In the present study, we evaluated the significance of the sIL-2R index among patients who underwent cord blood transplantation (CBT). Methods. We retrospectively analyzed 31 patients who underwent single-unit CBT as their first transplantation for hematologic malignancies. Results. The median sIL-2R index was 4.2. The cumulative incidence of grade II to IV acute GVHD was not associated with the sIL-2R index. However, the cumulative incidence of relapse at 3 years after transplantation was significantly lower, with an sIL2R index >= 3.7 than with an index < 3.7 (12.8% vs 50.0%; P = .04). As a result, the probability of overall survival at 3 years after transplantation was significantly higher in the former group than in the latter (79.8% vs 20.0%; P <.01). Only the dose of corticosteroid administered in the pre-engraftment period influenced the sIL-2 index. Conclusion. The sIL-2R index can predict the incidence of relapse and probability of survival after CBT, possibly reflecting a graft-vs-leukemia effect. 收起