摘要 : We analyse the controlled generation of bubbles of a given size at a determined bubbling rate in a co-flowing water stream forcing the gas flow. The temporal evolution of the bubble size, R(t), the air flow rate, Q(a)(t), and the ... 展开 We analyse the controlled generation of bubbles of a given size at a determined bubbling rate in a co-flowing water stream forcing the gas flow. The temporal evolution of the bubble size, R(t), the air flow rate, Q(a)(t), and the pressure evolution inside the bubble, p(b)(t), during the bubbling process are reported. To that aim, the temporal evolution of the bubble shape and the pressure inside the air feeding chamber, p(c)(t), where a harmonic perturbation is induced using a loudspeaker, are obtained from high-speed images synchronized with pressure measurements. A model is developed to describe the unsteady motion of the gas stream along the injection needle, coupled with the Rayleigh-Plesset equation for the growing bubble, allowing us to obtain p(b)(t). Thus, the minimum pressure amplitudes required inside the forming bubble to control their size and bubbling frequency are provided as a function of the gas flow rate, the liquid velocity, u(w), and the forcing frequency, f(f). Two different behaviors have been observed, depending on the liquid-to-gas velocity ratio, Lambda = u(w)/u(a). For small enough values of Lambda, the critical pressure amplitude is given by p(s) similar to rho(a) cu(a) St(f)(3), associated to a rapid pressure increase taking place during an interval of time of the order of the acoustic time. However, for larger values of Lambda, p(s) similar to rho u(w)(2) St(f)(3 )Lambda(-1/5)We(-1/4). Here rho and rho(a) are the liquid and gas densities respectively, c the speed of sound in air and St(f) = f(f)r(0)/u(w) and We = rho u(w)(2)r(o)/sigma the Strouhal and Weber numbers, where tau(o) denotes the outer radius of the injector. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 收起