摘要 : The <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> subspecies <i>T. brucei brucei</i> is non-human infective due to susceptibility to lysis by trypanolytic factor (TLF) in human serum. Reviewed here are the advances which have revealed apolipoprotein ... 展开 The <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> subspecies <i>T. brucei brucei</i> is non-human infective due to susceptibility to lysis by trypanolytic factor (TLF) in human serum. Reviewed here are the advances which have revealed apolipoprotein L1 (ApoL1), found in high density lipoprotein, as the lysis-inducing component of TLF, the means of uptake via haptoglobin-related protein receptor and the mechanism of resistance in <i>T. b. rhodesiense</i> via its serum resistance-associated (SRA) protein. The first practical steps to application of these discoveries are now in progress; transgenic animals expressing either baboon or minimally truncated human ApoL1 show resistance to both <i>T. b. brucei</i> and <i>T. b. rhodesiense</i>. This has major implications for treatment and prevention of human and animal African trypanosomiasis. 收起