摘要 : Purpose: Previously, we showed that tear fluid protects corneal epithelial cells against Pseudomonas aeruginosa without suppressing bacterial viability. Here, we studied how tear fluid affects bacterial gene expression. Methods: R... 展开 Purpose: Previously, we showed that tear fluid protects corneal epithelial cells against Pseudomonas aeruginosa without suppressing bacterial viability. Here, we studied how tear fluid affects bacterial gene expression. Methods: RNA-sequencing was used to study the P. aeruginosa transcriptome after tear fluid exposure (5 h, 37 degrees C). Outcomes were further investigated by biochemical and physiological perturbations to tear fluid and tear-like fluid (TLF) and assessment of bacterial viability following tear/TLF pretreatment and antibiotic exposure. Results: Tear fluid deregulated similar to 180 P. aeruginosa genes >= 8 fold versus PBS including downregulating lasI, rhlI, qscR (quorum sensing/virulence), oprH, phoP, phoQ (antimicrobial resistance) and arnBCADTEF (polymyxin B resistance). Upregulated genes included algF (biofilm formation) and hemO (iron acquisition). qPCR confirmed tear down-regulation of oprH, phoP and phoQ. Tear fluid pre-treatment increased P. aeruginosa resistance to meropenem similar to 5-fold (4 mu g/ml), but enhanced polymyxin B susceptibility similar to 180-fold (1 mu g/ml), the latter activity reduced by dilution in PBS. Media containing a subset of tear components (TLF) also sensitized bacteria to polymyxin B, but only similar to 22.5-fold, correlating with TLF/tear fluid Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations. Accordingly, phoQ mutants were not sensitized by TLF or tear fluid. Superior activity of tear fluid versus TLF against wild-type P. aeruginosa was heat resistant but proteinase K sensitive. Conclusion: P. aeruginosa responds to human tear fluid by upregulating genes associated with bacterial survival and adaptation. Meanwhile, tear fluid down-regulates multiple virulence-associated genes. Tears also utilize divalent cations and heat resistant/proteinase K sensitive component(s) to enhance P. aeruginosa sensitivity to polymyxin B. 收起