摘要 : Regarding institutional constraints, lack of milk procurement cooperative society (47.33%) was ranked as one of the most serious constraints by the farmers of Hisar and non-availability of quality breeding bulls through village pa... 展开 Regarding institutional constraints, lack of milk procurement cooperative society (47.33%) was ranked as one of the most serious constraints by the farmers of Hisar and non-availability of quality breeding bulls through village panchayat (47.13%) in Karnal district. The reason that people still prefer natural mating is highlighted by the observation that the majority of farmers considered non-availability of quality breeding bulls through village panchayats the most serious constraint. In case of marketing, improper monitoring of milk producers cooperative society was considered as most serious by farmers of both the districts (58.33%-Hisar and 63.00%-Karnal). Inadequate market intelligence for marketing of bovines (14.33%) was considered less serious by farmers of Hisar district, while farmers of Karnal district perceived lack of refrigeration facilities at cooperative societies (26.67%) as least serious. 收起