摘要 : Human milk is a dynamic biofluid, and its detailedcomposition receives increasing attention. While most studiesfocus on changes over time or differences between maternalcharacteristics, interindividual variation receives little at... 展开 Human milk is a dynamic biofluid, and its detailedcomposition receives increasing attention. While most studiesfocus on changes over time or differences between maternalcharacteristics, interindividual variation receives little attention.Nevertheless, a comprehensive insight into this can help interprethuman milk studies and help human milk banks provide targetedmilk for recipients. This study aimed to map interindividualvariationinthehumanmilkproteome,peptidome,andmetabolome and to investigate possible explanations for thisvariation. A set of 286 milk samples was collected from 29 mothersin the third month postpartum. Samples were pooled per mother,and proteins, peptides, and metabolites were analyzed. Asubstantial coefficient of variation (>100%) was observed for4.6% and 36.2% of the proteins and peptides, respectively. In addition, using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), 5protein and 11 peptide clusters were obtained, showing distinct characteristics. With this, several associations were found betweenthe different data sets and with specific sample characteristics. This study provides insight into the dynamics of human milk protein,peptide, and metabolite composition. In addition, it will support future studies that evaluate the effect size of a parameter of interestby enabling a comparison with natural variability. 收起