摘要 : ? 2023 Elsevier B.V.Context: Untangling the most relevant factors underpinning sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) yields is critical to identify, within the target environments, the best management practices to increase production and r... 展开 ? 2023 Elsevier B.V.Context: Untangling the most relevant factors underpinning sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) yields is critical to identify, within the target environments, the best management practices to increase production and reverse the negative trend in planted area across the United States (US). Objective: This study aims to provide new insights of the effects of environment (E) and management (M) on sorghum yields. Specific goals for this study were linked to i) describe the relevance of E factors (mainly heat and drought), and ii) explore the effect of M component on yield variability across different US sorghum producing regions. Methods: The US National Sorghum Producer (NSP) Yield Contest self-reported farmer-based dataset, spanning 24 states from 2013 to 2017 period (n = 782) was split in yield terciles. Three different approaches were employed to independently explore each yield tercile: i) crop modeling simulation to quantify the impact of heat and drought on yield, ii) conditional inference tree to rank the most relevant management practices, and lastly, iii) fuzzy C means spatial clustering to identify critical management practices linked to geographical yield clusters across crop regions. Results: The E component accounted for nearly half of the sorghum yield variation for the low-yielding group (< 7.6 Mg ha-1), while the M factor (mainly planting date and irrigation) played a key role for the high-yielding group (> 9.7 Mg ha-1). Geographically-relevant yield clusters identified three main regions, i) east (with earlier planting dates, early May, and high N fertilization rates), ii) west (with irrigation as the main factor) within the continental area, and iii) coastal zone (with planting dates before April 1, southeast Texas). For the low-yielding group, row spacing, and plant density were key variables accounting for yield variation. Conclusions: These outcomes provide foundational insights on the major E and M factors limiting attainable yields within farmers targeting high yields in the main US sorghum producing regions. 收起