摘要: Antiestrogens are effective in premenopausal and postmenopausal patients, and in the chemopreventive, adjuvant and metastatic settings (5), probably through the induction of growth arrest/apoptosis (5). The triphenylethylene TAM, ... 展开 Antiestrogens are effective in premenopausal and postmenopausal patients, and in the chemopreventive, adjuvant and metastatic settings (5), probably through the induction of growth arrest/apoptosis (5). The triphenylethylene TAM, a partial agonist, is the most widely used anti estrogen. Long term TAM use reduces the incidence of contralateral breast cancer (antagonist) and primary breast cancer in high risk women (antagonist), maintains bone density (agonist) and increases the risk of endometrial carcinomas (agonist) (10). Newer antiestrogens include the 'pure antagonist' ICI 182,780 (no agonist activity). In patients that had previously shown a response to TAM but recurred, ICI 182,780 produces a response rate significantly higher than the response rate for crossover to another triphenylethylene (Toremifene) following TAM failure (29). 收起