摘要: This chapter reviews the various components of the surface heat balance which affect the state of the ice in the polar oceans and examines, in particular, the relative magnitude of heat fluxes observed over the arctic ice pack. Al... 展开 This chapter reviews the various components of the surface heat balance which affect the state of the ice in the polar oceans and examines, in particular, the relative magnitude of heat fluxes observed over the arctic ice pack. Also considered are the mass balance and ice growth patterns, the sensitivity of a sea ice cover to changes in climate, methods of predicting ice growth, the coupling between dynamic and thermodynamic processes, and the role of ice thickness variations in regional heat exchange and ice production. Keywords: Heat Balance; Large-scale fluxes; Optical properties; Surface energy fluxes; Thermodynamics. 收起