摘要 : The ability to maintain upright body balance in sports is significantly complicated by the development of neuromuscular fatigue. This review presents our own and literature data on the magnitude of violations and the duration of r... 展开 The ability to maintain upright body balance in sports is significantly complicated by the development of neuromuscular fatigue. This review presents our own and literature data on the magnitude of violations and the duration of restoration of the stability of a vertical posture under the influence of light aerobic and submaximal loads on postural and non-postural muscles in athletes. It has been shown that the degree of decrease in postural stability under the influence of high loads of equal relative power is the same in athletes and untrained individuals, however, a standard light load in absolute value causes a less significant increase in the velocity of body oscillations in athletes. The load on posturally insignificant muscles of the upper limbs also reduces the stability of the vertical posture. Dysregulation of posture after intense exercise may be associated with a deterioration in proprioceptive sensitivity in working muscles, a decrease in the contractile properties of the muscles themselves, as well as a violation of sensorimotor integration in the nerve centers of the posture regulation system due to the development of local and central fatigue. The period of restoration of reduced postural stability after intense exercise in athletes is shortened and is probably associated with the increased capabilities of the oxygen transport and utilization system. Despite a significant amount of work on the regulation of posture during and after exercise, additional research is needed to identify the exact mechanisms of disruption and restoration of postural regulation during neuromuscular fatigue. 收起