摘要 : Snow patches colored red, pink, yellow, green, or black containing many species of algae, bacteria, and fungi have been reported in Arctic and Antarctic Zones or on high mountains, as well as on glaciers (Fukushima 1963, Kol 1964,... 展开 Snow patches colored red, pink, yellow, green, or black containing many species of algae, bacteria, and fungi have been reported in Arctic and Antarctic Zones or on high mountains, as well as on glaciers (Fukushima 1963, Kol 1964, 1968). Many studies have reported that the red color was caused by the cells of Chlamydomonas or Chloromonas as the main algae in the northern and southern hemispheres (Newton 1982, Ling 1996, Muller et al. 1998).We report preliminarily on a red snow, the so-called Akashibo, in the Ozegahara mire, Central Japan. It is a unique type of red snow with the following characteristics: (1) its dominant red cells, Hemitoma sp., have meandering rib-structures made from ferric oxides (Yamamoto et al. 2006a) rather than carotenoid pigments as sources of its colored cells; (2) many species of small invertebrates (e.g., nematodes, halpactico-ids, tardigrades, oligochaetes, larvae of tipulids, ceratopogo-nids, and chironomids), are found in the Akashibo snow patches; and (3) the red substances that constitute the Akashibo remain on the surface of peat after snow melts (Fukuhara et al. 2002, 2006, Yamamoto et al. 2006b). Though it is known that some invertebrates, a very few species of aquatic insects, crustaceans, rotifers, and tardigrades, live on or in ice or snow and in ice melt mini-habitats such as cryoco-nite-holes, pockets of soil sediments or ice-mats (Tynen 1970, Kohshima 1984, 1994, Macintyer 1984, Kikuchi 1994, Vincent et al. 2004, Johnson et al. 2006), we believe only our reports have examined nival fauna with relatively large body sizes and high population densities in red snow (Fukuhara et al. 2002, 2006). Here we describe movements of nival invertebrates in the Akashibo snow of the Ozegahara mire with reference to the cause of their migration from sub-nivean (under the snow) to intranivean (within snow) and supranivean (on snow). 收起