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We present a modified union-find algorithm that represent the data in an array rather than the commonly used pointer-based data structures, and a simpler proof that the average case complexity of the union-find algorithm is linear.
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This study develops methodologies for coordinate fixing from measurements made on board a space craft in midflight. Both the problems of locations of the craft itself and location of events outside the craft are considered and a u...
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This study develops methodologies for coordinate fixing from measurements made on board a space craft in midflight. Both the problems of locations of the craft itself and location of events outside the craft are considered and a unified treatment of both problem areas is given. An error-minimization strategy is presented for the selection of reference frame in which to express the vehicle's position. Position determination via distance measurements and via angular separation measurements are considered in detail and an explicit solution of the equations arising in the latter case is given. The main purpose of the work reported in section two was to investigate and solve the problems met in the positioning and description of motion objects within the solar system. This is accomplished with the help of Einstein's general theory of relativity, which is briefly reviewed. It is found that the deflection in direction of an electromagnetic signal and corrections to angular measurement by means of such signals due to the presence of matter, are negligible within the solar system, except in the neighborhood of the sun. The corrections necessary in the calculation of distances from measurement the round trip time of laser beams are of the order of 10 to the minus 7th power sec. The doppler and gravitational frequency shifts are also measureable. (Author)
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Contents: Qualitative qustions of celestial mechanics; Problems of motion of artificial earth satellites; Numerical methods of celestial mechanics; Definition of orbits; Questions on translational-rotary motion and attraction of celestial bodies.
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In this paper, the authors introduce a new paradigm, Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC), for fitting a model to experimental data. RANSAC is capable of interpreting/smoothing data containing a significant percentage of gross errors,...
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In this paper, the authors introduce a new paradigm, Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC), for fitting a model to experimental data. RANSAC is capable of interpreting/smoothing data containing a significant percentage of gross errors, and thus is ideally suited for applications in automated image analysis where interpretation is based on the data provided by error-prone feature detectors. A major portion of the paper describes the application of RANSAC to the Location Determination Problem (LDP): Given an image depicting a set of landmarks with known locations, determine that point in space from which the image was obtained. In response to a RANSAC requirement, the authors derive new results on the minimum number of landmarks needed to obtain a solution, and present algorithms for computing these minimum-landmark solutions in closed form. These results provide the basis for an automatic system that can solve the LDP under difficult viewing and analysis conditions. Implementation details and computational examples also are presented.
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Volume 4 describes the numerous engineering design models employed in the study of cost effectiveness in the production of gun advanced forward area air defense systems.
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I wrote this book to address the lacuna in the burden sharing literature regarding new member countries in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). While working at the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) durin...
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I wrote this book to address the lacuna in the burden sharing literature regarding new member countries in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). While working at the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) during the first wave of post-Cold War enlargement, I personally witnessed the pride and eagerness with which new NATO members entered the Alliance. The puzzle was whether this enthusiasm translated into concrete contributions to the Alliance. My research differs from existing literature in that it addresses the varied aspects of burden sharing in NATO and expands the scope of research from a dichotomous United States and Europe analysis to an examination of burden sharing within Europe (specifically focused on new members). It takes a more comprehensive view of burden sharing to include defense expenditures and more importantly, contributions to NATO missions. On the heels of several rounds of expansion and the winding down of NATO operations in Afghanistan, this book contributes to the literature on burden sharing and provides essential information on the effects of enlargement. These findings should inform decisionmakers about the behavior of new NATO members and help them to make appropriate decisions in regards to further expansion. The main contribution of this work is that it specifically examines the burden sharing behavior of new NATO members and the impact of enlargement on NATO burden sharing. This inquiry is intrinsically important because burden sharing concerns have been salient and recurring issues for the NATO Alliance since its inception. The United States, as the leader of the Alliance, has frequently complained about the low level defense expenditures of its allies. In addition, some NATO members have repeatedly come under criticism for not providing adequate forces and for imposing restrictions on forces committed to the recent NATO mission in Afghanistan.
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