摘要 :
The analytical results of Part I are also applied to sound dispersion by friction and heat conduction, An irreversible change of momentum, energy, and type of particle corresponding to friction, heat conduction, and diffusion effe...
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The analytical results of Part I are also applied to sound dispersion by friction and heat conduction, An irreversible change of momentum, energy, and type of particle corresponding to friction, heat conduction, and diffusion effects can appear both in the direction of the sound field and traverse to it. Longitudinal damping, the coupling of longitudinal damping and that due to chemical and physical changes, and coupling of diffusion and compositional changes are treated for a plane sound wave of infinite extent. The same principles are also applied to sound effects in cylindrical tubes. The limitations of the method are discussed in some detail.
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摘要 :
This report describes four different experiments. The majority of the experimentsinvolve the interaction of Barium and Barium + with each other, with noble gas atoms, with electrons, and with electromagnetic fields.
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The paper gives results of a study to provide data on industrial flare emissions. (Emissions of incompletely burned hydrocarbons from industrial flares may contribute to air pollution. Available data on flare emissions are sparse,...
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The paper gives results of a study to provide data on industrial flare emissions. (Emissions of incompletely burned hydrocarbons from industrial flares may contribute to air pollution. Available data on flare emissions are sparse, and methods to sample operating flares are unavailable.) Tests were conducted on 3-, 6-, and 12-in. diameter flare heads. Propane was used as the flare fuel, diluted with nitrogen to control the heating value. The following results were obtained: (1) soot (from smoky flares) accounts for <0.5% of the unburned hydrocarbon emissions; (2) the size of the flare head did not influence hydrocarbon combustion efficiency; and (3) the stability of the flare flame influenced combustion efficiency, with unstable flames tending to promote inefficient combustion. A relationship between gas heating value and exit velocity was developed to denote the region of flame instability.
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The Bureau of Mines has developed two experimental designs for determining the volumes and relative proportions of the various gas species, particularly methane (CH4), occluded in rock salt. To date, the rock salt samples analyzed...
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The Bureau of Mines has developed two experimental designs for determining the volumes and relative proportions of the various gas species, particularly methane (CH4), occluded in rock salt. To date, the rock salt samples analyzed have been relatively small (400- to 1,000-gram) grab samples from Louisiana Gulf Coast domal salt mines. The results obtained are comparable to results in Polish domal salt mines, in terms of occluded gas volumes per mass of rock salt. The notable difference between the Louisiana and Polish occluded gas mixtures is in the relative proportions of the individual gas species.
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摘要 :
A dynamical description of atomic mixing in multicomponent gases and plasmas was summarized in a previous report (UCRL-ID-145502). That description is based on the use of separate continuity and momentum equations for each species...
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A dynamical description of atomic mixing in multicomponent gases and plasmas was summarized in a previous report (UCRL-ID-145502). That description is based on the use of separate continuity and momentum equations for each species present, including neutral atoms, ions, and free electrons. This level of detail is not always feasible in practical problems, where subsets of species (e.g., neutral atoms of a particular element together with their ionization products) must be grouped or lumped together into composite species or materials to make the problem tractable. A simple procedure for constructing such composite species was outlined in UCRL-ID-145502, but not in sufficient detail to enable implementation. In particular, the treatment of the free electrons presents some subtleties, since they cannot be included in the composite species for dynamical purposes, whereas they are ordinarily lumped together with the atoms and ions that produced them for state equation purposes. Our purpose here is to provide a more complete description of the procedure by which composite species and their evolution equations may be defined and derived. Special attention is given to the problem of how to deal with the free electrons in a manner consistent with the different roles they play in the dynamics and thermodynamics. The results are given in a form that should be well suited for implementation in hydrodynamics codes that use conventional material state equations.
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