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This paper reviews the AIM 2020 challenge on efficient single image super-resolution with focus on the proposed solutions and results. The challenge task was to super-resolve an input image with a magnification factor ×4 based on...
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This paper reviews the AIM 2020 challenge on efficient single image super-resolution with focus on the proposed solutions and results. The challenge task was to super-resolve an input image with a magnification factor ×4 based on a set of prior examples of low and corresponding high resolution images. The goal is to devise a network that reduces one or several aspects such as runtime, parameter count, FLOPs, activations, and memory consumption while at least maintaining PSNR of MSRRes-Net. The track had 150 registered participants, and 25 teams submitted the final results. They gauge the state-of-the-art in efficient single image super-resolution.
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Simple analytical models for the flow structure of dust devils in steady state, and a "thermophysical" scaling theory that explains how these flow structures are maintained are reviewed. Then, results from high-resolution numerica...
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Simple analytical models for the flow structure of dust devils in steady state, and a "thermophysical" scaling theory that explains how these flow structures are maintained are reviewed. Then, results from high-resolution numerical simulations are used to provide insights into the structure of dust-devil-like vortices and study the impact of surface roughness on them. The article concludes with an overview of the influence of lofted dust on the flow structure of dust devils and a discussion of open questions.
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Simple analytical models for the flow structure of dust devils in steady state, and a "thermophysical" scaling theory that explains how these flow structures are maintained are reviewed. Then, results from high-resolution numerica...
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Simple analytical models for the flow structure of dust devils in steady state, and a "thermophysical" scaling theory that explains how these flow structures are maintained are reviewed. Then, results from high-resolution numerical simulations are used to provide insights into the structure of dust-devil-like vortices and study the impact of surface roughness on them. The article concludes with an overview of the influence of lofted dust on the flow structure of dust devils and a discussion of open questions.
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Studies of dust devils, and their impact on society, are reviewed. Dust devils have been noted since antiquity, and have been documented in many countries, as well as on the planet Mars. As time-variable vortex entities, they have...
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Studies of dust devils, and their impact on society, are reviewed. Dust devils have been noted since antiquity, and have been documented in many countries, as well as on the planet Mars. As time-variable vortex entities, they have become a cultural motif. Three major stimuli of dust devil research are identified, nuclear testing, terrestrial climate studies, and perhaps most significantly, Mars research. Dust devils present an occasional safety hazard to light structures and have caused several deaths.
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摘要 :
Studies of dust devils, and their impact on society, are reviewed. Dust devils have been noted since antiquity, and have been documented in many countries, as well as on the planet Mars. As time-variable vortex entities, they have...
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Studies of dust devils, and their impact on society, are reviewed. Dust devils have been noted since antiquity, and have been documented in many countries, as well as on the planet Mars. As time-variable vortex entities, they have become a cultural motif. Three major stimuli of dust devil research are identified, nuclear testing, terrestrial climate studies, and perhaps most significantly, Mars research. Dust devils present an occasional safety hazard to light structures and have caused several deaths.
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In this review, we address the use of numerical computations called Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) to study dust devils, and the more general class of atmospheric phenomena they belong to (convective vortices). We describe the main ...
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In this review, we address the use of numerical computations called Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) to study dust devils, and the more general class of atmospheric phenomena they belong to (convective vortices). We describe the main elements of the LES methodology. We review the properties, statistics, and variability of dust devils and convective vortices resolved by LES in both terrestrial and Martian environments. The current challenges faced by modelers using LES for dust devils are also discussed in detail.
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摘要 :
In this review, we address the use of numerical computations called Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) to study dust devils, and the more general class of atmospheric phenomena they belong to (convective vortices). We describe the main ...
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In this review, we address the use of numerical computations called Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) to study dust devils, and the more general class of atmospheric phenomena they belong to (convective vortices). We describe the main elements of the LES methodology. We review the properties, statistics, and variability of dust devils and convective vortices resolved by LES in both terrestrial and Martian environments. The current challenges faced by modelers using LES for dust devils are also discussed in detail.
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In sampling reservoir water, there exists an inherent challenge in distinguishing formation water from a water-based mud (WBM) filtrate. This is further compounded when attempting to type between injected and formation waters unde...
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In sampling reservoir water, there exists an inherent challenge in distinguishing formation water from a water-based mud (WBM) filtrate. This is further compounded when attempting to type between injected and formation waters under in-situ temperature and pressure conditions. The prevailing industry method is surface laboratory fluid analysis; however, this incurs both time and potential representation inaccuracies. It is, therefore, a prudent endeavor to expand the boundary of downhole fluid analysis (DFA) into water chemistry applications to recognize ionic properties within fluids.
The following study presents an innovative methodology using a wireline formation tester (WFT) and DFA-based optical spectroscopy to quantify chloride ion concentration. Demonstrated through spectral deconvolution, an optical spectrum of water within the near-infrared (NIR) region is segmented into two components corresponding to deionized water and chloride contributions. The component representing chlorides contains unique spectral attributes that vary between concentration levels. Subsequently, an environmentally calibrated model is developed, incorporating these spectral attributes to determine chloride ion concentrations corresponding to different fluid salinities. The results not only distinguish filtrate from water but also show unique characteristics between waters in situ.
Two applications of using downhole chloride data are highlighted in a wireline acquisition program. In the first case, downhole chloride values are used to fingerprint fluids to differentiate between injected and formation water. A second case shows how a petrophysical interpretation is optimized by using multiple chloride values instead of a single assumption.
To date, the industry has been unable to quantify chlorides as a contribution to water chemistry in situ. This venture introduces a novel method of wireline pumpout and sampling to distinguish chlorides as well as the premiere use of spectral deconvolution as a technique within DFA. These results have broad applications to diagnose water production, injection, and compatibility for saltwater disposal (SWD) and carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects.
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The essence of a business model defines a transaction structure that involves stakeholders. This article examines the transactional features that exist between stakeholders, such as relationships and form. We also introduce the ne...
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The essence of a business model defines a transaction structure that involves stakeholders. This article examines the transactional features that exist between stakeholders, such as relationships and form. We also introduce the new concept of "symbiont" and analyze the aggregation of the focal firm's and stakeholders' business models. By proposing this innovative concept, we seek to bridge the gap between the macro Business Ecosystem and micro Business Model, and as such expand our ideas about business models. The concept of "symbiont" in the business model that we have created provides a shared coordination system for different business models under the same business ecosystem, making direct comparison between them possible. Moreover, it allows us to analyze a focal firm's business model from a micro perspective, which may clarify how to precisely and scientifically restructure or reform the focal firm based on the anatomic picture of the company. To explain this theory, our research focuses on China's E-commerce industry.
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For the first time, DMC was synthesized near room temperature from propylene carbonate (PC) and methanol (MeOH) on CaO with high yields and selectivity. Based on the assumption that hydroxylpropyl methyl carbonate (HPMC) was the i...
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For the first time, DMC was synthesized near room temperature from propylene carbonate (PC) and methanol (MeOH) on CaO with high yields and selectivity. Based on the assumption that hydroxylpropyl methyl carbonate (HPMC) was the intermediate in this reaction, the charge distributions for MeOH, PC and HPMC were calculated and a possible side reaction, the polymerization of PC, was inferred. The effect of temperature, catalyst concentration as well as the ratio of PC to MeOH on DMC yield and DMC selectivity was investigated in detail. The results obtained support the hypothesis of the intermediate and the side reaction. In addition, the effects of the addition method, temperature, catalyst concentration and the ratio of PC to MeOH on reaction rate were also investigated in detail. Based on these results, the possible mechanism of this reaction on CaO is proposed.
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