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Healthcare workers' (HCWs) knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding pertussis immunization were assessed and compared to the rate of vaccine uptake. A questionnaire was distributed to employees at a paediatric and maternity ter...
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Healthcare workers' (HCWs) knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding pertussis immunization were assessed and compared to the rate of vaccine uptake. A questionnaire was distributed to employees at a paediatric and maternity tertiary care centre. Respondents were then offered a dose of the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) at a free vaccine clinic. In total, 529 out of 3051 (17%) employees completed the survey and 61 received the Tdap vaccine. Although 76% of participants were willing to be immunized, only 15% presented to the clinic. There is a widespread acceptance of pertussis immunization among paediatric HCWs. Stated intentions may be poorly predictive of behaviour. Education and institutional or public funding may improve vaccine uptake.
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The coronavirus pandemic has taken a detrimental toll on the lives of individuals globally. In addition to the direct effect (e.g., being infected with the virus), this pandemic has negatively ravaged many industries, particularly...
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The coronavirus pandemic has taken a detrimental toll on the lives of individuals globally. In addition to the direct effect (e.g., being infected with the virus), this pandemic has negatively ravaged many industries, particularly food retail, food services, and hospitality. Given the novelty of the disease, the true impact of COVID-19 remains to be determined. Because of the nature of their work, and the characteristics of the workers, individuals in the food retail, food service, and hospitality industries are a group whose vulnerability is at its most fragile state during this pandemic. Through this qualitative study, we explored workers' perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on their mental health and coping, including screening for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder symptoms. Twenty-seven individual interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Four key themes emerged: being infected and infecting others, the unknown, isolation, and work and customer demands. Considering the many uncertainties of COVID-19, workers in these three industries were experiencing heightened levels of mental distress because of where they worked and the already existing disparities they faced on a daily basis before the pandemic started. Yet they remained hopeful for a better future. More studies are needed to fully understand the magnitude, short-term, and long-term effects of COVID-19. Based on this study's findings, programs are critically needed to promote positive coping behaviors among at-risk and distressed workers. Recommendations for employers, occupational health and safety professionals, and policy stakeholders to further support these service workers are discussed.
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BACKGROUND: If current population and health trends continue, workplace demographics will look significantly different by the turn of the century. Organizations will no longer have a steady pipeline of younger workers and will lik...
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BACKGROUND: If current population and health trends continue, workplace demographics will look significantly different by the turn of the century. Organizations will no longer have a steady pipeline of younger workers and will likely need to rely on older workers to remain competitive in the global marketplace. The future multi-generational workforce will bring with it the challenge of maximizing contributions from each generation whilst at the same time addressing the health, safety and wellbeing needs of all workers.
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Developing countries host more than one third of international migrants. However, research on the labour market outcomes of low-skilled international migrant workers in developing countries is limited. We examine the presence and ...
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Developing countries host more than one third of international migrants. However, research on the labour market outcomes of low-skilled international migrant workers in developing countries is limited. We examine the presence and sources of wage differentials across native and foreign low-skilled workers in the palm oil plantation sector in Malaysia, which hosts a large population of foreign workers. We find that Indonesian foreign workers have a wage advantage over native and Indian workers. Decomposition results suggest that the wage differentials between Indonesian and native workers are largely explained by the higher productivity of Indonesian workers, employers' favouritism towards Indonesian workers, and discrimination towards native workers. Decomposition results also find that the wage differentials between Indonesian and Indian workers are mostly due to their differences in observed characteristics.
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Purpose - To investigate the level of organizational commitment in agency workers compared with permanent workers by taking into account relations between the two groups. Design/methodology/approach - A mixed methods design was em...
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Purpose - To investigate the level of organizational commitment in agency workers compared with permanent workers by taking into account relations between the two groups. Design/methodology/approach - A mixed methods design was employed comprising of a quantitative survey of 157 call centre workers followed by 29 qualitative interviews with permanent workers, agency workers and employers. Findings - Agency workers had a significantly lower level of organizational commitment compared with permanent workers once the relation between agency and permanent workers was controlled. Significant correlations were found within the sample between organizational commitment, being valued and job satisfaction further supported by a hierarchical multiple linear regression. Research limitations/implications - As with all cross-sectional research causality cannot be confirmed and difficulty accessing call centre workers led to a restricted sample size. The measurement of worker relations needs developing. Further research is proposed to address these limitations and extend the findings. Practical implications - The implication for human resource management is that employers must be aware of the possible adverse influence that agency workers may have on permanent workers and as such try to incorporate agency workers within the organization to support their commitment. Originality/value - Previous studies have found inconsistent variations in the relative organizational commitment of permanent and temporary employees; a counter-intuitive finding given the precarious employment contract held by temporary workers. This study casts light on these results by controlling for the relation between agency workers and permanent workers.
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A recent study showed that worker larvae fed in a queenless colony develop into another female polyphenic form-rebel workers. The rebel workers are more queen-like than normal workers because they have higher reproductive potentia...
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A recent study showed that worker larvae fed in a queenless colony develop into another female polyphenic form-rebel workers. The rebel workers are more queen-like than normal workers because they have higher reproductive potential revealed by more ovarioles in their ovaries. However, it was unclear whether eggs laid by rebel workers avoided worker policing. Worker-laid eggs are normally eaten by other workers in a queenright colony. The aim of this study was to compare the survival of three classes of eggs, namely, those laid by normal workers, rebel workers, and the queen. All eggs were tested in queenright colonies. We expected that rebel workers would avoid policing by laying more queen-like eggs. Contrary to our expectations, eggs laid by rebel workers were eaten by other workers, as were eggs laid by normal workers, and only a few worker-laid eggs (both normal and rebel) survived for more than 3 h. Therefore, in a queenright colony, eggs laid by rebel workers do not avoid policing.
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Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine, by sex, whether precarious workers in Japan receive less support in the workplace than permanent workers. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study using an online questionn...
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Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine, by sex, whether precarious workers in Japan receive less support in the workplace than permanent workers. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study using an online questionnaire in 2022. We stratified participants by sex and performed modified Poisson regression analysis. The outcomes were support from supervisors, co‐workers, occupational health professionals, and no one. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were calculated for contract workers, part‐time workers, and dispatched workers, using permanent workers as reference. Results This study had 21 047 participants. For men, 87.9% were permanent workers; for women, 50.7% were permanent workers and 37.3% were part‐time workers. For workplace support, 47.5% of men and 45.2% of women selected superiors; 41.8% of men and 50.5% of women selected colleagues; 16.8% of men and 6.2% of women selected occupational health professionals. Female contract workers were less likely to receive support from their supervisors (aPR 0.88) or co‐workers (aPR 0.89). Male part‐time workers were less likely to be supported by their co‐workers (aPR 0.86). Dispatched workers were less likely to be supported by their supervisors (men aPR 0.71, women aPR 0.84) and co‐workers (men aPR 0.73, women aPR 0.77). Part‐time and dispatched workers were less likely to receive support from occupational health professionals. Conclusions Precarious workers could get less workplace support than permanent workers. This may contribute to occupational health problems with precarious workers.
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The majority of foreign workers in Malaysia are unskilled and more than half come from Indonesia. Nowadays, labour productivity is the main concern of firms in a bid to reduce the cost of production and be more competitive. Theref...
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The majority of foreign workers in Malaysia are unskilled and more than half come from Indonesia. Nowadays, labour productivity is the main concern of firms in a bid to reduce the cost of production and be more competitive. Therefore, the issue is whether foreign workers have an adverse effect on labour productivity in Malaysia. The present paper attempts to investigate this issue using data from 279 companies in 2011 collected by means of a field survey. The companies are located in Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Pahang, Terengganu and Johor in Malaysia. The labour productivity model is estimated using local and foreign workers, skilled labour, semiskilled labour and unskilled; labour as independent variables. The results show that skilled foreign workers do not contribute significantly to labour productivity. Instead, the unskilled and semiskilled foreign workers have a significant and negative impact on labour productivity.
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Anarchistic honeybees result from extremely rare behavioural mutations which allow workers to lay eggs despite the presence of the queen. We investigated the behavioural development of bees derived from a line in which ca. 5% of w...
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Anarchistic honeybees result from extremely rare behavioural mutations which allow workers to lay eggs despite the presence of the queen. We investigated the behavioural development of bees derived from a line in which ca. 5% of workers have developed ovaries and lay viable eggs. Other than their developed ovaries and proclivity to lay eggs, the anarchistic workers we studied are apparently normal, performing normal worker-like behaviour. Unlike many laying workers in queenless colonies, they are not queen-like and are apparently not the objects of aggression. When day-old workers from anarchistic colonies were cross-fostered into anarchistic and wild-type host colonies, the frequency of ovary development was an order of magnitude higher in the anarchistic host (9.1%) than in the wild-type host (0.7%). This suggests that there is a policing mechanism that affects ovary development in honeybees. Thus, worker reproduction is probably suppressed at the level of ovary development as well as by oophagy of worker-laid eggs. Other mechanisms, such as aggression towards individuals with developed ovaries, may also exist, but we found no evidence for this.
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La subcontratación a través de cooperativas de trabajo asociado constituye una práctica extendida, especialmente en determinados sectores productivos. Dado nuestro actual marco normativo en materia de cooperativas, para analiza...
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La subcontratación a través de cooperativas de trabajo asociado constituye una práctica extendida, especialmente en determinados sectores productivos. Dado nuestro actual marco normativo en materia de cooperativas, para analizar las medidas de garantía en favor de las personas socias trabajadoras en un contexto de subcontratación, hemos de acudir a las respectivas legislaciones autonómicas. Cuantitativamente son escasas las legislaciones autonómicas que abordan la materia, si bien, cualitativamente constituyen modelos ejemplarizantes. Esa diversa y desigual normativa pone de manifiesto una necesitada intervención por parte de los poderes públicos, para dignificar y armonizar la regulación de unos estándares mínimos de trabajo para las personas socias trabajadoras en contextos de subcontratación. Ello, no solo favorecerá el bienestar de dicho colectivo, sino que contribuirá a evitar que las cooperativas sean subterfugio de empresas que buscan mano de obra precaria. Así, el cooperativismo responderá fielmente a su creciente protagonismo como alternativa de trabajo digno, inclusivo y sostenible para una recuperación económica centrada en las personas.
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