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IDs are regional hyper-networks that survived the socioeconomic evolution of modern capitalism. They also promise to succeed in the coming post-Fordist development. Italian experience has shown that industrial districts are highly...
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IDs are regional hyper-networks that survived the socioeconomic evolution of modern capitalism. They also promise to succeed in the coming post-Fordist development. Italian experience has shown that industrial districts are highly important, perform successfully, and are increasing their survival rates. Beyond definition problems, they are multi-dimensional, complex, and adaptive systems. They can be replicated elsewhere and, regardless of the contingent triggering factors, can grow and change their early imprinting features. Cybernetics offers a sound theoretical basis for understanding the key concepts and redirecting industrial policy interventions.
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This paper presents a comparative study of two multiperspective approaches to management, one developed and applied mainly in the United States, the other in China and East Asia. The contentions of the two approaches are briefly o...
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This paper presents a comparative study of two multiperspective approaches to management, one developed and applied mainly in the United States, the other in China and East Asia. The contentions of the two approaches are briefly outlined, commonality and differences analysed, cultural traditions surfaced, and the ways the two approaches inform and learn from each other reported. It is suggested that the recent development of multiperspective approaches world-wide is not accidental, but can be seen as an outcome of humankind's common search for responses to the increasingly challenging multidimensional complexity in human systems management. Systems/management scientists in both the West and the East can do better in dealing with the complexity if we consciously open to, inform and learn from each other.
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This is a review of papers published in the year 2009 that focus on the synthesis, reactivity, or properties of compounds containing a carbon-transition metal double or triple bond.
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The synthesis and full characterization of the functionalized complexes 3a-c [(dppe)Cp~*Fe(C ident to C-L)] (L=4-Py, 3-Py, 2-Py; dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ethane; Cp~*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) are reported. These electro...
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The synthesis and full characterization of the functionalized complexes 3a-c [(dppe)Cp~*Fe(C ident to C-L)] (L=4-Py, 3-Py, 2-Py; dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ethane; Cp~*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) are reported. These electroactive compounds, stable under two redox states, behave as typical pyridyl ligands towards simple metal precursors of tungsten,m palladium or platinum complexes. With (THF)W(CO)_5 bi-metallic iron-tungsten complexes [(dppe)Cp~*Fe(C ident to C-Py)W(CO)_5] (5a-b) were isolated. After chemical oxidation their corresponding [(dppe)Cp~*Fe(C ident to C-Py)W(CO)_5][PF_6] (5a-b~+) salts were isolated and characterized as well. With the palladium(II) and platinum(II) dichloride (PhCN)_2MCl_2 precursors, neutral, mono- and dicationic trimetallic complexes of the type {[(dppe)Cp~*Fe(C ident to C-4-Py)]_2MCl_2}[PF_6]_n (M=Pd: 8a, Pt: 10a; n=0, 1, 2) were similarly isolated and studied. The mixed valence states (n=1; MV) exhibit class-I properties.
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Alleylidene an dhigher cumulenylidene complexes [M]=C(=C)-n=CR~1R~2 (n-1,2,3) have continuously qained significance in the context of transition metal carbene chemistry.Important developments which have been disclose dduring thela...
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Alleylidene an dhigher cumulenylidene complexes [M]=C(=C)-n=CR~1R~2 (n-1,2,3) have continuously qained significance in the context of transition metal carbene chemistry.Important developments which have been disclose dduring thelast two years are reviewed.These include a variety of stoichiometric andcatalyti creactios of allenylidene complexes andtheir utility in organic synthesis.The ralates chemistry of butatrienylidene(n=2) andpentatetraenylidene (n=3) complexes as well as theoretical studies are also reviewed.
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The long chain acyl complexes [CpFe(CO)_2{C(O)R}] (R = n-C_5H_(11), n-C_8H_(17), n-C_(11)H_(23), and n-C_(17)H_(35)), [Cp~*Fe(CO)_2-{C(O)C_(11)H_(23)}] and [CpW(CO)_3{C(O)C_(11)H_(23)}] have been prepared by the reactions of Na[Cp...
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The long chain acyl complexes [CpFe(CO)_2{C(O)R}] (R = n-C_5H_(11), n-C_8H_(17), n-C_(11)H_(23), and n-C_(17)H_(35)), [Cp~*Fe(CO)_2-{C(O)C_(11)H_(23)}] and [CpW(CO)_3{C(O)C_(11)H_(23)}] have been prepared by the reactions of Na[CpFe(CO)_2], Na[Cp~*Fe(CO)_2] and Na[CpW(CO)_3], respectively, with the appropriate acyl chlorides. Some new alkyl complexes [CpW(CO)_3R] (R = n-C_6H_(13), n-C_7H_(15), and n-C_8H_(17)) have been prepared by the reactions of Na[CpW(CO)_3] with the appropriate alkyl bromide or iodide. All of these complexes have been characterized by microanalysis, IR, ~1H and ~(13)C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The thermal behavior of some acyl complexes has also been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis.
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M(H_2L~n)(H_2O)_x and [M_2(L~n)(H_2O)_x]_n have been obtained by the electrochemical reaction of Co, Ni and Cu anodes with the O_2N_2O_2 symmetrical ligands: N, N'-bis(3-hydroxysalicylidene)-1, 2-diaminopropane, H_4L~1, N, n'-bis(...
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M(H_2L~n)(H_2O)_x and [M_2(L~n)(H_2O)_x]_n have been obtained by the electrochemical reaction of Co, Ni and Cu anodes with the O_2N_2O_2 symmetrical ligands: N, N'-bis(3-hydroxysalicylidene)-1, 2-diaminopropane, H_4L~1, N, n'-bis(3-hydroxysalicylidene)-1, 3-diaminopropeane, H_4L~2, and N, N'-bis(3-hydroxysalicylidene)-1, 4-diaminobutane, H_4L~3. The preferential attainment of mono- or polynuclear compounds seems to be conditioned by the aliphatic spacer length, among other factors.Spectoscopic and magnetic data suggest a distorted tetrahedral array in mono- and polynuclear nickel complexes with a square and H_4L~3. However, when the aliphatic spacer is shorter , as occurs in Ni(H_2L~1), physicochemical data are consistent with a square planar geometry. The EPR data for polynuclear copper complexes displeay the characteristics of quasi-axial symmetry and show spin-spin interactrions. Magnetic and electronic data point to high-spin distorted octahedral environments for Co(II) ions in [Co_2(L~3)(H_2O)_4]_n.
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The formation of a 15-molybdodiphosphate anion was ascertained in a 0.05 M (M = mol dm(-3)) Mo(VI)-0.2 M HCl-4 mM P2O74--40% (vol./vol.) CH3CN system at ambient temperature, and the yellow complex was isolated as a tetrapropylammo...
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The formation of a 15-molybdodiphosphate anion was ascertained in a 0.05 M (M = mol dm(-3)) Mo(VI)-0.2 M HCl-4 mM P2O74--40% (vol./vol.) CH3CN system at ambient temperature, and the yellow complex was isolated as a tetrapropylammonium (n-Pr4N+) salt. Once the parent 18-molybdodiphosphate anion, [(P2O7)Mo18O54](4-), was formed in the solution, it transformed spontaneously into the 15-molybdodiphosphate anion, [H-6(P2O7)Mo15O48](4-). The transformation reaction was followed voltammetrically at the glassy carbon (GC) electrode. The rate of transformation, which depended on the concentrations of CH3CN and HCl, on the Mo/P mole ratio, and also on the temperature of the solution, was discussed. The complex was characterized by the voltammetric and IR spectroscopic behaviors. [References: 23]
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The complex Cp'Mn(CO)_3 (Cp' = #eta#~5-C_5H_4-CH_3) reacts with P(C_6H_5)_2H in THF to give Cp'(CO)_2MnPPh_2H (Ph = phenyl) (1), by substitution of one CO ligand. The reaction of 1 with CH_3COCl and CH_3S(O)_2Cl in the presence of...
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The complex Cp'Mn(CO)_3 (Cp' = #eta#~5-C_5H_4-CH_3) reacts with P(C_6H_5)_2H in THF to give Cp'(CO)_2MnPPh_2H (Ph = phenyl) (1), by substitution of one CO ligand. The reaction of 1 with CH_3COCl and CH_3S(O)_2Cl in the presence of triethylamine occurs under electrophilic substitution on the diphenylphosphane ligand yielding the acetyl and sulfonylphosphane complexes of manganese(I) Cp'(CO)_2MnPPh_2 COCH_3 (2) and Cp'(CO)_2MnPPh_2S(O)_2CH_3 (3). The complex stabilization of these molecules, which are hitherto unknown in the free state, is only accomplished by blocking the free electron pair on phosphorus by coordination. The new complexes 1, 2 and 3 were analyzed by IR, ~1H and ~(31)P NMR spectroscopy and their similar structures are discussed.
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This is a review of papers published in the year 2008 that focus on the synthesis, reactivity, or properties of compounds containing a carbon-transition metal double or triple bond.
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