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This article sets out to analyse the evolution of management in the People's Republic of China, particularly in terms of indigenous versus exogenous models. It looks the development of management concepts, terminology and practice...
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This article sets out to analyse the evolution of management in the People's Republic of China, particularly in terms of indigenous versus exogenous models. It looks the development of management concepts, terminology and practices in their organizational context. It sets out the historical background of these economic and management developments in the period when foreign capital dominated industry and trade up to 1949, then the ebbs and flows of Soviet influence on management under Mao Zedong after this date, the impact of the Cultural Revolution, followed by recent and contemporary aspects of the Deng Xiaoping's mainly Western-inspired market reforms after 1979 and up to the present day, with a look at where future trends may go. In this overview, aimed at enhancing the understanding of Chinese organizational life, we attempt to see how far such concepts, and practices in Chinese management took over Western (and Japanese) usage and how far a distinctly Chinese model emerged. It concludes that given there were cross-cultural filters, external management models were influential but were adapted to local realities to become indigenous management models with what have been officially dubbed 'with Chinese characteristics'.
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This article examines recent developments in the South China Sea; in particular, the China-Vietnam relationship. The developments are presented in the broader context of the Sino-Vietnamese approach to managing border disputes sin...
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This article examines recent developments in the South China Sea; in particular, the China-Vietnam relationship. The developments are presented in the broader context of the Sino-Vietnamese approach to managing border disputes since full normalization of relations in late 1991. The challenges for China and Vietnam in managing their disputes and related tension in the South China Sea are also discussed.
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Since 1990, 19 Workshops on Managing Potential Conflicts in the South China Sea have been held. The Workshop, attended by Government and military officials in their private capacities as well as by academics mainly from the littor...
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Since 1990, 19 Workshops on Managing Potential Conflicts in the South China Sea have been held. The Workshop, attended by Government and military officials in their private capacities as well as by academics mainly from the littoral States of the South China Sea (SCS) and from the non-SCS countries, is a continuing dialogue process that aims to manage potential conflicts by exploring areas of cooperation among the littoral States in the SCS area. It is also the only regional dialogue mechanism dealing specifically with the SCS issues, where scholars and Government officials from Taiwan and China can meet regularly and exchange views. This article reviews and evaluates the SCS Workshop process and discusses Taiwan's participation in the process. In the concluding section, the adoption of the China-Taiwan South-East Asia Network for Education and Training (SEA-NET) joint project at the nineteenth SCS Workshop, a big step regarding Taiwan's participation in the Workshop process, is discussed. And it is suggested that there likely will be more cooperative measures taken by Taipei and Beijing regarding the SCS area in the future.
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This article considers the formative role played by the United States in the 'motori-sation' of China during the Republic era (1911-49). It reviews early attempts to sell American automobiles in China and tracks Detroit's rapid do...
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This article considers the formative role played by the United States in the 'motori-sation' of China during the Republic era (1911-49). It reviews early attempts to sell American automobiles in China and tracks Detroit's rapid dominance of China's embryonic motor vehicle market. The influence of US-built 'famine' highways is examined in relation to the subsequent emergence of a Chinese 'Good Roads' movement. Finally the possibility is explored that a US Army general's decision in 1945 that China should drive on the right was a covert move to pave the way for American control of the Chinese road.
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Purpose - Business incubation is an important strategy to foster entrepreneurship and innovation; it has gained enormous popularity in China since the mid-1990s. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the perceived ...
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Purpose - Business incubation is an important strategy to foster entrepreneurship and innovation; it has gained enormous popularity in China since the mid-1990s. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the perceived value of business incubators from the perspective of start-up ventures and draw implications for future incubation programmes in China. Design/methodology/approach - The research was based on a sample of 61 incubator tenants from well-established business incubators in Shanghai. A questionnaire including Likert-type scales was developed to collect feedback/comments on incubator services as well as the perceived benefits of the incubation programme.
Findings - True to their names, business incubators in China have added practical value to start-up ventures by providing wide-ranging services and tangible/intangible benefits via the incubation programme. However, compared to their counterparts in North America and Europe, the Chinese incubators are still deficient in some important aspects; for example, counselling and mentoring services. To achieve better incubation outcomes, it is crucial that the incubator managers be competent, qualified and highly skilled.
Originality/value - Most of the previous studies on the effectiveness of business incubation in China were undertaken using a case-based approach or focusing on the contributions of the business incubator to local economic development. The findings in such studies cannot be generalized. This paper provides empirical evidence to confirm the previous findings.
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The assembled papers in this special issue jointly explore the urban manifestation of "Global China" at different scales and involving diverse actors, discussing the ways in which the urban has been reconfigured by China's global ...
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The assembled papers in this special issue jointly explore the urban manifestation of "Global China" at different scales and involving diverse actors, discussing the ways in which the urban has been reconfigured by China's global expansion and uncovering the differentiated modes of speculative and spectacular urban production at present. Observing from Ghana, India, Malaysia and China, these papers collectively make theoretical, methodological, and empirical contributions to recognise the dynamics of speculation, articulation and translation in global capitalism, where China plays an increasingly significant role. In this introduction, we first set out to explain our standing point with China as method, which is an attempt to situate China in our comparative studies endeavour and to make self-reflection on what it means to study China as both an optic and a process. We then introduce the three main themes that have guided our interrogation of what global China implies. These include: (a) transplanting models and urbanism; (b) multi-scalar construction of temporality; and (c) situating the urban China model in global capitalism. These aspects are at the core of our engagement with the contributing papers in this special issue that together extend the critique of our changing urban conditions at present.
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This introductory essay summarizes how our understanding of Chinese internets - in the plural - has shifted in the past two decades. The incumbent approach sees 'Chinese tech' as a unitary and statist monolith, an incomplete view ...
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This introductory essay summarizes how our understanding of Chinese internets - in the plural - has shifted in the past two decades. The incumbent approach sees 'Chinese tech' as a unitary and statist monolith, an incomplete view whose utility has declined. By contrast, the articles in this special issue collectively substantiate a novel geopolitical approach that analyzes 'Chinese internets' as internally diverse and externally border-crossing; as both public (governmental and non-governmental) and private (e.g., corporate); as discursive and policy entanglements beyond the dichotomy of multistakeholderism and multilateralism; and as global, regional, and local formations that are connected to, but not entirely constrained by, their national counterparts. Pluralist and multiiayered, this new approach to analyzing Chinese techno-geopolitics shall provide a better fit for contemporary internet research involving state and nonstate actors in China, including Chinese companies operating both overseas and globally.
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the leading cause of death in China. The Chinese government approved the Healthy China 2030 plan (jiànkāng zhōngguó 2030), emphasizing the strategic role of health in China’s developme...
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the leading cause of death in China. The Chinese government approved the Healthy China 2030 plan (jiànkāng zhōngguó 2030), emphasizing the strategic role of health in China’s development. As morbidity and mortality from CVDs are constantly increasing in China, the prevention and treatment of CVDs are vital to achieve this plan. Following the major principles of health priority, science and technology innovation, scientific development, and balanced medical resource allocation outlined in the Healthy China 2030 plan, this Commentary briefly introduces the current status of CVDs in China and marks the important events undertaken to achieve this plan.
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Although it is not the most significant feature on the strategic map of the United States, it is firmly in favor of the South China Sea, maintaining its status as an area of international waters for the foreseeable future. It will...
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Although it is not the most significant feature on the strategic map of the United States, it is firmly in favor of the South China Sea, maintaining its status as an area of international waters for the foreseeable future. It will allow for the unimpeded passage of cruise ships and commercial transport vessels. Even though the United States and China are the two actors with the most influence on the political situation in the South China Sea, and even though Vietnam is an indispensable subject in this area, the strategic interests of the United States and China are considered to be crucial for each country. Vietnam is an indispensable subject in this area. Because the South China Sea is so strategically important to China, the United States, and Vietnam, it is likely that these three countries will come into conflict over it shortly. Which political maneuvers and decisions on the part of these two global superpowers affect the current situation in the South China Sea? Moreover, what other options does Vietnam have when it comes to those behaviors?
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There have been several profound features embedded in the contemporary Chinese political leadership, all having their roots in the Chinese centuries-long traditions or the modern/contemporary creative practice, together with their...
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There have been several profound features embedded in the contemporary Chinese political leadership, all having their roots in the Chinese centuries-long traditions or the modern/contemporary creative practice, together with their shaping impacts upon China’s foreign policy or remarkable reflections in her external behavior. They are: reforms inherently differentiated; central idea of “maintenance”, notion of “biological circle governing universe”, paradox in the question of equality, the emphasis on morality, overwhelmingly domestic function of foreign policy, firm belief in the Chineseness per sue and its overwhelming importance, and political prudence in the perennial context of “Strong China, Weak China.” China is facing enormous domestic historical challenges and substantial international pressure, while a generally peaceful China can be assured at least from her self-regarding realistic perspective.
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