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Rates of depression among adolescents are alarmingly high. School belonging is among the strongest predictors of adolescent depressive symptoms. Research in the adult literature indicates that context-specific belonging may contri...
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Rates of depression among adolescents are alarmingly high. School belonging is among the strongest predictors of adolescent depressive symptoms. Research in the adult literature indicates that context-specific belonging may contribute to an overarching sense of general belonging, which may be a stronger and more proximal predictor. This is the first study to explore the importance of general belonging among a community sample of adolescents to understand its interrelationship with school belonging in predicting depression. This multisite study includes 502 adolescents aged 13-17 from four geographically distinct Australian schools (rural, coastal, regional city, and capital city). Participants completed questionnaires measuring depressive symptoms, school, and general belonging. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that school belonging, general belonging, and depressive symptoms are unique, separable constructs. Mediated regression revealed that school and general belonging accounted for 33.6% and 48.2% of the variance in depressive symptoms, respectively. General belonging partially mediated the association between school belonging and depressive symptoms, with school belonging expressing all but 7.8% of its influence on depression through general belonging. Results indicate that general belonging appears to have eclipsed school belonging as the largest known single independent correlate of adolescent depressive symptoms. Nevertheless, general belonging is strongly influenced by school belonging (accounting for approximately 35.0% of its variance). The strengths of the associations direct us to consider both context-specific and general belonging in the assessment, treatment, and prevention of adolescent depression.
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Abstract School belonging is an important component of adolescent well‐being, yet little is known about its relationship with adolescents' Information Communication Technology (ICT) use. This study aimed to examine the relationsh...
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Abstract School belonging is an important component of adolescent well‐being, yet little is known about its relationship with adolescents' Information Communication Technology (ICT) use. This study aimed to examine the relationship between school belonging and various ICT use types in Australian adolescents. The sample was drawn from 14,530 Australian students in Grade 7 or higher, who completed the 2015 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's Program for International Student Assessment survey. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between self‐reported measures of school belonging and ICT use at home for schoolwork and ICT use at home for leisure, adjusting for covariates (age, gender, and economic, social, and cultural status). The regression model accounted for 3% of the variability of sense of school belonging, R2?=?0.03, F(5, 10196)?=?60.00, p?收起
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Situating Thomas Joiner's concept of belonging within an ecological perspective, this study examined the associations between school and community belonging and suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students. The study ...
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Situating Thomas Joiner's concept of belonging within an ecological perspective, this study examined the associations between school and community belonging and suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students. The study used data from the 2013 Texas Youth Risk Behavior Survey (N=2,560). Results demonstrated that community belonging reduced the odds of youth suicidal behaviors. School bullying, feeling unsafe at school, and being threatened or injured at a school increased the odds of suicidal behaviors. Findings suggest that fostering safe and inclusive environments and strengthening youth's experiences of school and community belonging may reduce suicidal behaviors in high school youth.
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Purpose Much research has been conducted on how consumption is related to human relationships. Only a scarcity of studies has examined brand and product selection, as well as the consumption activities that individuals follow when...
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Purpose Much research has been conducted on how consumption is related to human relationships. Only a scarcity of studies has examined brand and product selection, as well as the consumption activities that individuals follow when pursuing a sense of group belonging. The literature comprises a single theoretical framework describing this phenomenon, a nascent proposition on which further research remains undeveloped. This study aims to examine the transferability of that theoretical framework in a different context to that used for its elaboration and its descriptive scope on purchasing goods and engaging in consumption activities to leverage belonging.Design/methodology/approach A deductive qualitative case study and pattern matching analysis technique were used, followed by structural coding analysis of interview data.Findings Findings reveal that the model is transferable, although its conceptual scope faces limitations. Individuals follow paths that need little or no excessive calculation in identifying a group to which they desire to belong, or the conduits to do so, and in certain cases the sense of belonging mediated by consumption is independent of display and confirmation by others. A refinement of the studied theoretical framework was carried out based on the findings, proposing an alternative framework termed the belonging-oriented consumption model, which provides a basis for future research on consumption related to pursuing a sense of belonging.Research limitations/implications This study was limited to analysing those events in which consumption for the purpose of pursuing group belonging is intentional. However, much of our consumption happens in a nuanced and unreflective way, and the same must go for consumption related to belonging.Practical implications The symbolic meaning that consumers attach to products and brands can vary based on how they are used and how consumers pursue a sense of belonging. The personality and distinctiveness of a product is influenced by the relationship between individuals and its use. Managers can establish concepts and elements of brand identity that ease brand display as a sign of belonging. They can also promote brand salience when the brand is used as a belonging conduit.Originality/value This study is significant because there is limited development in the academic literature, nor agreement among the authors, of a model that describes the components of consumption oriented towards pursuing a sense of group belonging. The author proposes the belonging-oriented consumption model, which provides a theoretical basis for future research on this topic.
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Background Research suggests that sport facilitates belonging for diverse athletes. This scoping review characterizes literature on sport participation and belonging for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
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A total of 40 species, assigned to 17 genera, belonging to the Suborder Ancyloceratina are described. One species is new. Sixteen are from the Upper Turonian, nine from the Lower Campanian, and 15 from the Upper Campanian. Eight t...
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A total of 40 species, assigned to 17 genera, belonging to the Suborder Ancyloceratina are described. One species is new. Sixteen are from the Upper Turonian, nine from the Lower Campanian, and 15 from the Upper Campanian. Eight types of aptychi are described.
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Background and aims: Individuals who meet criteria for compulsive buying-shopping disorder (i.e., acquiring problems only) or hoarding disorder (i.e., acquiring and discarding problems) may acquire possessions to compensate for un...
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Background and aims: Individuals who meet criteria for compulsive buying-shopping disorder (i.e., acquiring problems only) or hoarding disorder (i.e., acquiring and discarding problems) may acquire possessions to compensate for unmet belonging needs, but may do so in different ways. Those with compulsive buying-shopping disorder may acquire objects that they believe will relieve the distress associated with unmet belonging needs (e.g., objects that distract or comfort), whereas those with hoarding disorder may acquire objects that they believe achieve belonging needs (e.g., objects that have interpersonal connotations). Accordingly, this study examined whether a belongingness threat would drive individuals who excessively acquire possessions to choose a human-like object (person-shaped tea holder) or a comfort item (box of chamomile tea). Methods: One hundred seventy-five participants (57 self-reported excessive acquiring only; 118 self-reported excessive acquiring and difficulty discarding) recalled a time when they either felt supported or unsupported by a significant other before choosing an object to take home with them. Participants rated how anthropomorphic and comforting the objects were as well as how attached they became to their chosen object. Results: Unsupported individuals were more likely to acquire the comfort item than supported individuals; however, individuals with both acquiring and discarding problems were more likely to acquire the human-like item than those with an acquiring problem only. Comfort and anthropomorphism ratings predicted object choice and attachment. Discussions and conclusion: The current findings extend the Compensatory Consumer Behavior Model to include what factors determine strategy choice and object attachment.
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Rural stayers are often defined as people who have never left their rural home region or village. However, rural regions and villages also receive new inhabitants. This paper explores if and how newcomers become inhabitants who st...
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Rural stayers are often defined as people who have never left their rural home region or village. However, rural regions and villages also receive new inhabitants. This paper explores if and how newcomers become inhabitants who stay put. We do so by interviewing couples of newcomers who moved to a rural area of the Netherlands at the family formation life stage. All had moved between 5 and 10 years prior to this study. We view the process of becoming a stayer through the lens of getting attached to and identifying with the new home region. We adopt the concepts of 'elective belonging' and 'selective belonging' to explore the newcomers' actual experiences of rural place and, in turn, the ways rural newcomer families become stayers. We identify two types of stayers: children-led and convinced stayers. Both envisage a re-negotiation of staying or leaving at a later life stage (either the empty nest or old age stage). They all elected to belong to residential places in enchanted rural landscapes. But they also are selective in developing belonging to the rural. First, especially convinced stayers consciously adapt their behaviour in order to fit in the local community. Second, children-led stayers seek only to become involved in child-related activities. Third, both types of stayers identify against' certain elements of local culture and of real rural stayers. S/elective strategies of belonging are found to go hand-in-hand with processes of becoming a stayer. Moreover, s/elective belonging to the place leaves the option to 'leave in future'.
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This paper contributes to the field of supra-soft topology. We introduce and investigate supra pp-soft Tj and supra pt-soft Tj-spaces (j=0,1,2,3,4). These are defined in terms of different ordinary points; they rely on partial bel...
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This paper contributes to the field of supra-soft topology. We introduce and investigate supra pp-soft Tj and supra pt-soft Tj-spaces (j=0,1,2,3,4). These are defined in terms of different ordinary points; they rely on partial belong and partial non-belong relations in the first type, and partial belong and total non-belong relations in the second type. With the assistance of examples, we reveal the relationships among them as well as their relationships with classes of supra-soft topological spaces such as supra tp-soft Tj and supra tt-soft Tj-spaces (j=0,1,2,3,4). This work also investigates both the connections among these spaces and their relationships with the supra topological spaces that they induce. Some connections are shown with the aid of examples. In this regard, we prove that for i=0,1, possessing the Ti property by a parametric supra-topological space implies possessing the pp-soft Ti property by its supra-soft topological space. This relationship is invalid for the other types of soft spaces introduced in previous literature. We derive some results of pp-soft Ti-spaces from the cardinality numbers of the universal set and a set of parameters. We also demonstrate how these spaces behave as compared to their counterparts studied in soft topology and its generalizations (such as infra-soft topologies and weak soft topologies). Moreover, we investigated whether subspaces, finite product spaces, and soft S🟉-continuous mappings preserve these axioms.
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We present a randomized algorithm that on inputting a finite field K with q elements and a positive integer d outputs a degree d irreducible polynomial in K[x]. The running time is d~(1+e{open}(d))×(log q)~(5+e{open}(q)) elementa...
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We present a randomized algorithm that on inputting a finite field K with q elements and a positive integer d outputs a degree d irreducible polynomial in K[x]. The running time is d~(1+e{open}(d))×(log q)~(5+e{open}(q)) elementary operations. The function e{open} in this expression is a real positive function belonging to the class o(1), especially, the complexity is quasi-linear in the degree d. Once given such an irreducible polynomial of degree d, we can compute random irreducible polynomials of degree d at the expense of d~(1+e{open}(d)) × (log q)~(1+e{open}(q)) elementary operations only.
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